Free Republic
Browse · Search
General/Chat
Topics · Post Article

Skip to comments.

The Tricky Exceptions to the “A” vs. “An” Rule: The simple grammar rule is more complex than it seems.
Word Smarts ^ | 12/28/2024 | Lisa Galek

Posted on 12/29/2024 7:14:16 PM PST by SeekAndFind

We’re taught in grade school to use “a” before words beginning with consonants and “an” before words that start with vowels. But this simple grammar rule is more complex than it seems.

Some grammar rules are as straightforward as can be — at first glance, at least. We’re taught in grade school to use “a” before words beginning with consonants and “an” before words that start with vowels. That means you could plant “a herb garden,” right? Then why does “an herb garden” sound slightly better to our American ears? It’s because this simple grade-school grammar rule is more complex than it seems.

What Are Indefinite Articles?

The English language has two types of articles: definite and indefinite. They identify whether a noun is specific or generic. “The” is a definite article — the only definite article in English, in fact — and it indicates that we are referring to a particular noun. For example, “John bought the car” refers to one very specific car.

“A” and “an” are indefinite articles, and they can refer to any person, place, or thing. For example, if “Tom will bake a cake,” it could be chocolate, vanilla, or lemon. We don’t know what Tom has planned, based on the language used.

When To Use "A" or "An"

If “the” is the only definite article in English, why are there two indefinite articles? The simple answer is that they’re used in different situations, namely in regard to the letters that follow in the next word. Use “a” if the word that follows begins with a consonant:

Alternatively, use “an” if the following word begins with a vowel:

Using Indefinite Articles With Different Sounds

What we’ve discussed so far is pretty straightforward: Use “a” before words that start with consonants and “an” before words that begin with vowels. But it’s not just about the letters — it’s also about the sounds.

When certain vowels make a consonant sound at the beginning of a word, it’s appropriate to use the indefinite article “a” with that word. For example, pair “a” with words that start with “e” and make the “yoo” sound, such as “a euphemism” and “a eucalyptus tree.” “A university” and “a uniform” receive similar treatment. The same is true of “o” words that begin with a “w” sound.

On the flip side, words with a silent “h” use “an” (as in the “herb” example from earlier). This includes “an honor” or “an hour.” The same is true of initialisms that start with the consonant letters “F,” “H,” “L,” “M,” “N,” “R,” “S,” and “X.” These all begin with a vowel sound, so they need to be paired with “an.”

A Historic Exception

There’s some debate about whether “a historic” or “an historic” is correct. The choice usually comes down to pronunciation, but there’s also a bit of tradition at play with this word. In British English, the “h” is silent, so “an historic” would be correct. In American English, the “h” was pronounced after the 19th century, so it would be logical to use “a historic,” but the indefinite article “an” is still commonly used, especially with “historical.” The Oxford English Dictionary notes that around a quarter of the examples of “historical” are preceded with “an” rather than “a.”


TOPICS: Books/Literature; Education; Reference
KEYWORDS: grammar
Navigation: use the links below to view more comments.
first 1-2021-4041-6061-64 next last

1 posted on 12/29/2024 7:14:16 PM PST by SeekAndFind
[ Post Reply | Private Reply | View Replies]

To: SeekAndFind

Bump. True that.


2 posted on 12/29/2024 7:16:04 PM PST by MeneMeneTekelUpharsin (Freedom is the freedom to discipline yourself so others don't have to do it for you.)
[ Post Reply | Private Reply | To 1 | View Replies]

To: SeekAndFind

How many fish do we need before we have fishes?


3 posted on 12/29/2024 7:16:51 PM PST by BenLurkin (The above is not a statement of fact. It is either opinion, or satire, or both.)
[ Post Reply | Private Reply | To 1 | View Replies]

To: SeekAndFind

Easily explained: a vowel is a sound, not a letter.


4 posted on 12/29/2024 7:17:12 PM PST by bwest
[ Post Reply | Private Reply | To 1 | View Replies]

To: SeekAndFind

For native English speakers?...who gives a flying f¥{k.


5 posted on 12/29/2024 7:18:50 PM PST by Deepeasttx ( Sensitivity/diversity training, along with DEI are all un-walled reeducation camps....for now.)
[ Post Reply | Private Reply | To 1 | View Replies]

To: SeekAndFind

That’s AN excellent refresher of A basic rule in English. Thanks.


6 posted on 12/29/2024 7:19:00 PM PST by ProtectOurFreedom (Marxism is a politics for the ugly, unwanted, uneducated, unhealthy, and insane.)
[ Post Reply | Private Reply | To 1 | View Replies]

To: SeekAndFind

The King James Bible uses an before many h words. I assumed it was some old British custom.


7 posted on 12/29/2024 7:19:13 PM PST by LukeL
[ Post Reply | Private Reply | To 1 | View Replies]

To: SeekAndFind

“In British English, the ‘h’ is silent, so ‘an historic’ would be correct. In American English, the ‘h’ was pronounced after the 19th century, so it would be logical to use ‘a historic,’ ...”

Which is the opposite of “herb” - the Brits now pronounce the “h” while Americans don’t.


8 posted on 12/29/2024 7:19:21 PM PST by decal (They won't stop, so they'll have to be stopped)
[ Post Reply | Private Reply | To 1 | View Replies]

To: SeekAndFind
It has to do with connecting open vowels. It’s to aid in linguistics.

It’s the same thing as piano student’s being taught not to play a black key with the thumb.

9 posted on 12/29/2024 7:20:00 PM PST by HIDEK6 (God bless Donald Trump)
[ Post Reply | Private Reply | To 1 | View Replies]

To: SeekAndFind

“Can it core a apple?”— Ed Norton, The Honetmooners


10 posted on 12/29/2024 7:21:08 PM PST by Dr. Sivana ("Whatsoever he shall say to you, do ye." (John 2:5))
[ Post Reply | Private Reply | To 1 | View Replies]

To: SeekAndFind
Recently I have been hearing a lot of people in podcasts and such using "a" instead of "an". People who are supposedly smart. Along with many other grammatical errors.
Seems our language is dying.
11 posted on 12/29/2024 7:22:25 PM PST by TangoLimaSierra (⭐⭐To the Left, The Truth is Right Wing Violence⭐⭐)
[ Post Reply | Private Reply | To 1 | View Replies]

To: SeekAndFind; dfwgator

I demand an harmonica!

M*A*S*H


12 posted on 12/29/2024 7:31:17 PM PST by SaveFerris (Luke 17:28 ... as it was in the Day's of Lot; They id Eat, They Drank, They Bought, They Sold ......)
[ Post Reply | Private Reply | To 1 | View Replies]

To: SeekAndFind

That’s so cute! Trying to educate the masses who don’t know the difference between the words “than” and “then”, and who write idiotic phrases like “would of” (see NextRush), and mindlessly parrot lines like “I could care less”.

Yeah, we’re a society of public school educated sheep who really care about usage of the articles “a” and “an”...

(Well, except for the local FR “Regards” dork.)


13 posted on 12/29/2024 7:45:25 PM PST by LittleBillyInfidel (This tagline has been formatted to fit the screen. Some content has been edited.)
[ Post Reply | Private Reply | To 1 | View Replies]

To: SeekAndFind

14 posted on 12/29/2024 7:45:26 PM PST by Dr. Sivana ("Whatsoever he shall say to you, do ye." (John 2:5))
[ Post Reply | Private Reply | To 1 | View Replies]

To: BenLurkin
Fishes refers to many kinds of fish. Salmon are fish, as are tuna. Salmon and tuna are fishes.
15 posted on 12/29/2024 7:45:36 PM PST by gundog (It was a bright cold day in April, and the clocks were striking thirteen. the )
[ Post Reply | Private Reply | To 3 | View Replies]

To: SeekAndFind

Not that complex... “An” goes before vowel *sounds*, counting a “y” sound as a consonant sound.


16 posted on 12/29/2024 8:01:33 PM PST by dangus
[ Post Reply | Private Reply | To 1 | View Replies]

To: SeekAndFind

17 posted on 12/29/2024 8:05:10 PM PST by Magnum44 (...against all enemies, foreign and domestic... )
[ Post Reply | Private Reply | To 1 | View Replies]

To: SeekAndFind

After an while it becomes natural which to use.


18 posted on 12/29/2024 8:16:22 PM PST by Fester Chugabrew (You might be in the wrong place if you miss the sarcasm.)
[ Post Reply | Private Reply | To 1 | View Replies]

To: decal
“In British English, the ‘h’ is silent, so ‘an historic’ would be correct. In American English, the ‘h’ was pronounced after the 19th century, so it would be logical to use ‘a historic,’ ...”

Which is the opposite of “herb” - the Brits now pronounce the “h” while Americans don’t.

Interesting, thanks.

19 posted on 12/29/2024 8:24:08 PM PST by Inyo-Mono
[ Post Reply | Private Reply | To 8 | View Replies]

To: Inyo-Mono

Unless we’re talking about a guy’s name.


20 posted on 12/29/2024 8:46:57 PM PST by Lake Living
[ Post Reply | Private Reply | To 19 | View Replies]


Navigation: use the links below to view more comments.
first 1-2021-4041-6061-64 next last

Disclaimer: Opinions posted on Free Republic are those of the individual posters and do not necessarily represent the opinion of Free Republic or its management. All materials posted herein are protected by copyright law and the exemption for fair use of copyrighted works.

Free Republic
Browse · Search
General/Chat
Topics · Post Article

FreeRepublic, LLC, PO BOX 9771, FRESNO, CA 93794
FreeRepublic.com is powered by software copyright 2000-2008 John Robinson