'Energy crisis' in fat cells behind inflammation associated with obesity (Antioxidants don’t help)

Medical Xpress / Karolinska Institutet / Nature Metabolism ^ | Feb. 15, 2022 | Salwan Maqdasy et al

[ConservativeMind]

In a new study published in Nature Metabolism, KI researchers show how disturbances in the energy metabolism in human fat cells, can lead to the development of inflammation and insulin resistance.

Mikael Rydén's and Niklas Mejhert's group at the Department of Medicine, Huddinge, examines what drives the development of inflammation in adipose tissue in people with obesity. The study shows that weight gain leads to altered phosphocreatine / creatine metabolism, which evokes inflammation in the fat cells.

"We believe that the impaired metabolism of creatine in the fat cells leads to an "energy crisis" that causes the body to compensate by increasing glucose utilization. This stimulates the genes that lead to chronic inflammation in the body with an increased risk of insulin resistance," says Dr. Salwan Maqdasy, one of the study's first authors.

Fat cells may be the key to future treatments

The adipose tissue consists of many different cell types, and it hasn't been completely clear which cell types are behind disturbed adipose tissue function in obesity and insulin resistance. Previous studies have mainly focused on the role of immune cells in adipose tissue, but anti-inflammatory treatments do not appear to have had any effect on the adipose tissue function. The findings from Mikael Rydén's and Niklas Mejhert's group, indicate that the fat cells themselves are the driving factor and that future treatments therefore should be directed at the fat cells instead.

"To determine the causes behind the development of adipose tissue inflammation, the next step is to investigate how the regulation of the enzymes that control the creatine metabolism in the body leads to altered glucose utilization," says Simon Lecoutre, the second author of the study.

[ConservativeMind]

The “Take Charge Of Your Health” Ping List

This potentially high volume ping list is for health articles and studies which describe something you or your doctor, when informed, may be able to implement for your benefit.

Please email or private message me if you want on or off of this list.

[DannyTN]

Interesting.

Food Ingredients Involved in White-to-Brown Adipose Tissue Conversion and in Calorie Burning

[Obadiah]

So...? Still putting the fork down is the answer?

Is that following the science?

[ClearCase_guy]

I’m blaming Russia for this whole thing.

[Bob434]

There’s a lot of “green tea” listed there, is the chart stating that it helps with metabolism? I think my ,uncle weakness/pain is due possibly to mitochondrial issues- or some breakdown along the “food to energy” process somewhere along the line. Most folks wake up each day with an internal “battery” that is fully charged and ready to go. Mine is pnly charged to about 20-30%, and quickly loses charge- something g is messed up inmthe energy department. Whether it is In Getting the fuel to the cells, or the cells converting it to energy I don’t know. I don’t know,if,it’s a glucose storage problem, glucose utilization problem, or if it’s something g else.

[Bob434]

The left blame Trump and russia

[pburgh01]

Nothing really that groundbreaking in this study. We have known for years that increases in adipose tissue are a self-perpetuating cascade of hormonal dysregulation. Meaning the more fat you get, the more messed up your system becomes for metabolizing fat as a primary energy source and not being able to shunt runaway gluconeogenesis. Increases in adipose also affect GLP-1 which helps with satiety, so the fatter you get the more hungry you get and the feedback mechanism for telling your body to stop feeding becomes messed up.

How do you fix this all, LOWER insulin, eat more Ketogeneically and begin moving. It's not about white-knuckle willpower or calorie restriction, it's about fixing your hormones with good for system food and a daily increase in physical activity. NO ONE can do extreme calorie restriction for a lifetime. Not possible, unless you are in a North Korean prison camp.

[Mariner]

“possibly to mitochondrial issues”

Consistent, long term aerobic exercise fundamentally alters mitochondria so that they use fat first. It also makes them 30-40% larger in every muscle cell of the body.

It’s a fundamental re engineering.

Walking 2 miles per day, 5 days per week is sufficient to effect this change.

[faucetman]

What about “oat bran?

These people DNS. (Don’t Know S**t)

The human body (and every thing else in the world) was made by GOD!

It is VERY complex. (Understatement of all eternity).

DNA mapping etc. has only ADDED to this confusion. MORE things we don’t understand. MORE “studies”.

https://www.healthline.com/health/food-nutrition/deaths-of-fitness-diet-gurus

[erlayman]

NMN supplementation, fasting (not extreme CR), exercise, better diet etc. All the usual suspects. Try to catch it in an early state.

[Mygirlsmom]

Same here. This has been a lifetime struggle of mine

I firmly believe it is possible to be overweight AND have cells that are starving at the same time.

I wish all the “just eat less and move more, ya fatty” folks ( including doctors) could walk a mile in my stretch pants so they had an idea what that sort of fatigue is like.

[pburgh01]

Yes it’s what you put in your mouth and the volume of it, but also are you moving and utilizing large muscle groups. Most folks think heading to Planet Fitness, doing 3 sets of arm curls and 20 minutes on the treadmill playing with their phone is enough. Any activity helps, but 15 minutes of HIIT training 3 times a week, (like kettlebell swings, lunges, squats, burpees, yoga) has shown tremendous gains in metabolic and overall health. Not to mention posture, bone density, flexibility, and functional strength. Want to be a 55-year-old woman with the figure of a 35-year-old, do HIIT strength training. Want to look haggard, eat Vegetarian, and just walk around at 1.5 miles per hour with your GFs. Those are not terrible choices, better than nothing, but you are not really moving the needle.

[Bob434]

My metabolism has always been high, I’m actual,actually, too thin for my height, and was always hyperactive, but theni got something, or something happend and the rug git lulled out from under me.

[[could walk a mile in my stretch pants so they had an idea what that sort of fatigue is like.]]

Yep, the exhaustion is crippling- its not ‘just tiredness’ which everyon3 experiences from time to time, its an exhausting debilitating weakness that affects all the muscles, and causes a burning pain like when a personmoverworks,person overwork, muscles to,the point of them Burning where they have to,stop and recoup- only there is no recouping with whatever is going on with whatever condition This is. There is only “feeling crappy or feeling really crappy”- it’s like having the flu 24/7 where just walking up a flight of stairs exhausts you even further.

It’s a rotten feeling a d frustrating search for answers

[pburgh01]

Feel and empathize with you mom. You are told you are weak have no willpower. That if you would just..... Obesity is not a weakness in your constitution issue, it’s a metabolic\genetic\emotional issue. Adding shame to it just compounds the problem.

[Pete from Shawnee Mission]

From Danny's link; "Conclusion The recent discovery of metabolically active BAT in adult humans has raised the expectations for the development of novel anti-obesity treatments that can regulate brown or beige fat development. In this review we focused on few dietary molecules that have shown to regulate BAT activation or beige fat development. Despite the promising data from animal models or cell lines, these findings need to be validated in humans by further large clinical trials with relatively long-term period of follow-up and taking in consideration factors such as ethnicity, genetics and lifestyles. Moreover, current knowledge deriving from cell culture and animal models suggests that polyphenols, mainly curcumin, and resveratrol, exert their thermogenic effect when supplemented at doses that are quite elevated. Therefore, further research is warranted to define the optimal preparation, doses as well as the bioavailability and safety of these molecules in humans." The foods mentioned in the article include hot peppers or capcasin, resveratrol, curcumin, green tea, menthol (mint), DHA and EPA from Fish oil. To lose weight, use the type of spices and foods you find in an Indian diet, drink wine like the Italians or French (or use a supplement), eat fish like the Scandinavians.

[DannyTN]

The link actually has a nice write up on each of the food ingredients.

Green Tea
Green tea is a widely consumed beverage extracted from leaves of Camellia Sinensis. Several reports indicated that green tea may induce weight loss by enhancing EE and fat oxidation in humans (Westerterp-Plantenga et al., 2006). These beneficial effects are, at least in part, attributable to tea catechins such as EGCG which is the most active catechin in green tea, epigallocatechin, and epicatechin gallate (Basu and Lucas, 2007). Interestingly, green tea extracts have substantial amounts of caffeine which is known for its thermogenic properties (Westerterp-Plantenga et al., 2006). Tea catechins intake in rats fed with normal-fat diet induced an increase in BAT UCP1 expression and a loss in WAT mass (Nomura et al., 2008). Chen et al. (2017) have shown that oral administration by gavage of green tea for 8 weeks improved obesity-related parameters and upregulated the expression of BAT markers (i.e., PPAR-γ, PRDM-16, and PGC-1α) in WAT of rats fed with a HFD-diet.

With regard to human studies, Dulloo et al. (1999) demonstrated that green tea enhances EE and fat oxidation. In this study, the administration of equivalent amounts of caffeine found in green tea extracts failed to induce similar metabolic effects (Dulloo et al., 1999). However, catechins and caffeine may synergically mediate an adrenergic-induced BAT thermogenesis by acting at different check-points of the norepinephrine-cAMP axis. It was suggested that green tea catechins may promote the SNA by reducing the degradation of norepinephrine through a direct inhibition of COMT. Interestingly, caffeine may synergically prolong the effects of norepinephrine by direct inhibition of PDEs activity (Dulloo et al., 1999, 2000). The synergistic thermogenic effect exerted by EGCG and caffeine was further confirmed after administration of encapsulated EGCG-caffeine mixtures (Bérubé-Parent et al., 2005).

However, the role of green tea in tackling obesity seemed controversial in several human trials (Huang et al., 2014). It was hypothesized that these findings might be influenced by the body composition, dietary habits and ethnicity of the studied populations (Huang et al., 2014). In addition, most studies aimed to assess the impact of green tea catechins on fat oxidation rather than thermogenesis (Rains et al., 2011), therefore more studies are warranted to elucidate the role of

[Bob434]

Imdont,know,that my issue is mito, I just suspect it might be, but there are conditions where a symptom is exercise intolerance, where it hurts the body rather than helps it. I,was always an active person, and hiked for miles each day. The ability to keep.doing that got less and less. I wpild get so run down that it would take me days to recover, and I had to increasingly decrease the miles as the comdition got worse. Along with it came muscle loss and further weakness.

Docs have labelled it “chronic fatigue” but I disagree, there are no trigger points, or tender points or whatever cf has (can’t Remer which now), and there are a couple,symptoms common to it that i don’t have. I thjnk they just labeled it,that because they dont know,what’s going on, and also,with chronic fatigue, it gets better with exercise, I jusy got worse and worse. It was a slow regression, and I kept going as as i could while I slowly got worse.

[ladyjane]

Years ago, during WWII, there was a lack of food in Belgium because of the war. During that time women who were pregnant were on a very restricted diet. It made a big difference if the women were starved during the first or the third trimester. They found this out when years later the young men were drafted into the army. There was a 20 pound difference in the weights of those whose mothers starved at some time during pregnancy when compared with those who didn’t. When the mother had a restricted diet apparently the fetuses learned to make-do and slow down their metabolism. So it makes sense that some people can eat very little and still gain weight.

Of course in this country many physicians limited women to a 15 pound weight gain. If you have a weight problem, ask your mother about her food consumption during pregnancy.

[Bob434]

Thanks- I was curious because I have been taking egcg during the pandemic. I’m not,overweight, and actusl,y,underweight somewhat. So,that isn’t the issue with me. I haven’t noticed any energy boost when taking it, but maybe the amount take is,too low