Long Term Anomalous Heat from 9 nm Pd Nanoparticles in an Electrochemical Cell

ICCF-23, Sidney Kimmel Institute for Nuclear Renaissance ^ | June 2021 | Graham K. Hubler

[Kevmo]

  Long Term Anomalous Heat from 9 nm Pd Nanoparticles in an
Electrochemical Cell

Graham K. Hubler1,2, Dennis Pease1 , Arik El Boher1 , Orchideh Azzizi1 , Jinghao He1 , Kavita K. Katti1,2 , Kattesh V. Katti2 1

Sidney Kimmel Institute for Nuclear Renaissance (SKINR), University of Missouri, Columbia, MO USA. 2

Institute of Green Nanotechnology; Medical School, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212 USA Email: hublerg@missouri.edu 6635 Prestwick Drive, Highland, MD 20777

We report 58 days of 90 milliwatts anomalous excess heat in an electrochemical cell which integrates to 453,000 Joules of liberated energy, including 4 days of anomalous heat after electrolysis power was shut off. The Pd cathode was placed in tension and 9 nm Pd nanoparticles were deposited on the cathode in situ at the onset of the experimental run.

We employed a Fleischman-Pons type open electrochemical cell, modified to allow ultrasonic stimulation of the cathode. The electrochemical cell was surrounded by a liquid water jacket to facilitate the transduction of ultrasonic wave energy into the electrochemical cell. The electrochemical cell and water jacket are placed inside a mass flow calorimeter.

There are thermal sensors in the water jacket and adjacent to the cathode. The ultrasonic transducers were not used in this experiment.

All temperature sensors were consistent in reporting of the anomalous heat. Details of the experiment will be described.

[Kevmo]

Video available here

[Kevmo]

The Cold Fusion/LENR Ping List

http://www.freerepublic.com/tag/coldfusion/index?tab=articles

Keywords: ColdFusion; LENR; lanr; CMNS
chat—science

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http://lenr-canr.org/

Vortex-L
http://tinyurl.com/pxtqx3y

Best book to get started on this subject:
EXCESS HEAT
Why Cold Fusion Research Prevailed by Charles Beaudette

https://www.abebooks.com/9780967854809/Excess-Heat-Why-Cold-Fusion-0967854806/plp

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https://freerepublic.com/focus/chat/3977426/posts?page=19#19

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Comment #18 Removed by Moderator

This topic has a following, people who wish to learn and discuss the materials presented.

Please refrain from posting anything that doesn’t legitimately address the issue.

Something is going on in this segment of science. There are a considerable number of research groups studying the matter.

19 posted on 7/19/2021, 6:45:09 PM by Sidebar Moderator

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[Kevmo]

"... including 4 days of anomalous heat after electrolysis power was shut off. "

[Red Badger]

90 milliwatts = 19.5 dBm..................

[Kevmo]

For 4 days, power was turned off. If they were generating 90mW power out with zero power in, that’s almost infinite COP. At the very least it points to power storage capabilities that other batteries can’t match.

[Red Badger]

19.5 dBm is enough power to blow the front end out of a lot of RF detectors....................

[Red Badger]

Palladium is a rather expensive metal, being in the platinum group. Current Primary use is in catalytic converters for automobiles.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palladium

Of course if we are all driving electric cars then it won’t be necessary.

[Pete from Shawnee Mission]

Interesting science U.Missouri Columbia, your neighborhood.

Less smoke than your furnace, but probably not enough to heat your house....(yet!)

[Pete from Shawnee Mission]

Uncertain if this helps anyone but, defining dBm:

dBm From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

dBm or dBmW (decibel-milliwatts) is a unit of level used to indicate that a power level is expressed in decibels (dB) with reference to one milliwatt (mW). It is used in radio, microwave and fiber-optical communication networks as a convenient measure of absolute power because of its capability to express both very large and very small values in a short form. dBW is a similar unit, referenced to one watt (1000 mW).

While the decibel (dB) is a dimensionless unit, used for quantifying the ratio between two values, such as signal-to-noise ratio, a dBm value has dimensions of power since it is relative to a unit of power.

A schematic showing the relationship between dBu (the voltage source) and dBm (the power dissipated as heat by the 600 Ω resistor)

A power level of 0 dBm corresponds to a power of 1 milliwatt. A 10 dB increase in level is equivalent to a 10-fold increase in power. Therefore, a 20 dB increase in level is equivalent to a 100-fold increase in power. A 3 dB increase in level is approximately equivalent to doubling the power, which means that a level of 3 dBm corresponds roughly to a power of 2 mW. Similarly, for each 3 dB decrease in level, the power is reduced by about one half, making −3 dBm correspond to a power of about 0.5 mW. To express an arbitrary power P in mW as x in dBm, the following expression may be used: x = 10 log 10 ⁡ P {\displaystyle {\begin{aligned}x&=10\log _{10}{P}\end{aligned}}} {\displaystyle {\begin{aligned}x&=10\log _{10}{P}\end{aligned}}}

[Kevmo]

Once the cold fusioneers get to a reproducible-on-demand anomalous effect, the smart folks will look through all those Hydrogen-Nickel LENR results and it’ll be much more cost effective. Besides, it’s the hydrogen that is the fuel, not the Palladiumn/Nickel.

[Red Badger]

Thank you.
Because of my work, I tend to think in terms of dBm and not watts...........................

[Red Badger]

Palladium is an odd element in that it has a completely empty outer shell, which makes it perfect for use as a catalyst in many reactions.

I wonder if there is another, cheaper element that has a similar condition................

[Kevmo]

I think Palladium was initially chosen for its ability to absorb hydrogen. Nickel, Platinum, Carbon, even Iron have been shown to generate excess heat but there are several other issues involved besides adsorption and electon shells.

I would prefer Carbon nanotubes.

[Pete from Shawnee Mission]

Scandium or Lutetium? Open f4 shell. Interesting magnetic properties? Niobium or a Niobium Palladium alloy? (Would it still work as a catalyst as an alloy? Would it be more expensive than Palladium?)

(I am out of my expertise here and a long way from the 70s my limited Chemistry and Electronics Education!)

[Steely Tom]

Thanks Kevmo.

[Kevmo]

Dr. Yoshiaki Arata used Zirconium.

https://www.nextbigfuture.com/2008/05/reproducable-cold-fusion-excess-heat.html

[Pete from Shawnee Mission]

Kevmo thanks! I looked at it a bit, but It will make more sense in the AM.

[Kevmo]

And then there is Erbium...

https://freerepublic.com/focus/f-chat/3964035/posts

[Pete from Shawnee Mission]

Erbium; Pricing.

https://material-properties.org/erbium-properties-applications-price-production/

Production and Price of Erbium

Raw materials prices change daily. They are primarily driven by supply, demand and energy prices. In 2019, prices of pure Erbium were at around 2700 $/kg.

The principal commercial sources of erbium are from the minerals xenotime and euxenite, and most recently, the ion adsorption clays of southern China; in consequence, China has now become the principal global supplier of this element.

[Kevmo]

Here is one reason to use Zn: It has the most spectacular changes in isotope composition. Transmutation is proof that this is a nuclear phenomena.

https://freerepublic.com/focus/f-chat/4018940/posts