Posted on 10/30/2021 3:56:54 PM PDT by Kevmo
Aureon Energy Patent: “Plasma heating apparatus, system and method”
October 26, 2021 A new patent application from Aureon Energy Ltd. (SAFIRE project) has been published on the US Patent Office website.
Link: https://patents.google.com/patent/US11112109B1/en?assignee=Aureon+Energy+Ltd.&sort=new
Inventor: Montgomery William Childs
Abstract: A plasma heating apparatus including a boiler vessel for holding water to be heated, a cathode housed in the vessel, the cathode defining a watertight cathode chamber isolated from the water in the vessel, and, an anode housed in the cathode chamber, the anode including an internal passage for receiving a gas from outside of the vessel when the passage is connected to a gas supply, and wherein the anode is connectable to a power source for receiving power for generating a plasma in the cathode chamber. In another aspect, the present disclosure relates to a heat or power generating system or plant including the plasma heating apparatus.
------------------------------------------------ Reference also found at: http://www.synamic-labs.com/2013/06/27/buchempfehlung-cradle-to-cradle-by-michael-braungart-william-mcdonnough/
https://www.lenr-forum.com/forum/thread/6244-safire-eyes-commercialization-within-5-years-with-launch-of-new-company-aureon-e/?postID=166577&highlight=aureon#post166577
Some interesting catalyst are mentioned:
In one embodiment, a concentric spherical double layer is formed when in addition to the introduced gas, a catalyst is present in at least trace amounts. The catalyst is a negatively ionizing element or molecule. In one embodiment, the catalyst is drawn from the anode. In another embodiment, the catalyst is drawn from the cathode. In one embodiment, the catalyst drawn from the anode or cathode is copper. In another embodiment, the catalyst drawn from the anode or cathode is tungsten. In another embodiment, the catalyst is present or provided in the interior volume of the cathode chamber. In one embodiment, the catalyst in the cathode chamber is a gas. In another embodiment, the catalyst in the cathode chamber is an elemental gas or a molecular gas. In certain embodiments, the catalyst is a gas selected from the group consisting of one or more of nitrogen, acetone, methanol, benzene, oxygen, and carbon dioxide.
https://www.lenr-forum.com/forum/thread/6244-safire-eyes-commercialization-within-5-years-with-launch-of-new-company-aureon-e/?postID=166577&highlight=aureon#post166577
Their latest patent indicates that they focus on heat generation for a boiler application.
They have also reported they emphasized on transmuted elements, probably from the metals of which the electrodes are made from.
The central question is what nuclear process occurs in this reactor setup?
One suggestion would be that hydrogen Rydberg matter is formed at the electrodes which condenses to ultra dense hydrogen that in turn is triggered by heavy ions in the plasma causing high energy sub particles that allow for the observed transmutations. This would mean two causes of heat: condensation and transmutation.
The rather unknown factor is that Aureon focusses on double layer plasma (or even multilayer).
It's difficult to understand why specifically double (or multilayer) plasmas would be required.
The only reason I see right now is that they prefer current-free double layers to avoid electrodes to wear.
Interestingly a very thin layer between the two layers in a double layer plasma has a very high electrical field.
Similar to what I pointed out what is present in between 2 layers of metal consisting of metals with each a different Galvani potential.
----------------------------------------------------------
What are some of the benefits of a setup utilizing the configuration of the SAFIRE reactor?
1) The design scales in size up and down from a table top device to as large as you want to go. In smaller setups with smaller diameter anodes, the current required would be less.
2) No extremely high currents or voltages required. Generally speaking, even SAFIRE's large reactor the size of a small car at maximum utilizes 30-50 amps but they don't need to use this many amps to produce their effects. In many tests they may have used 10-20 amps. Their bell jar system used only a few amps. A smaller system built by a university in a test tube might use a couple amps or less. Likewise, at most, they use a couple thousand volts. They often only use 600 volts or so. What they do is use constant voltage and de-restrict the DC current. Crazy power inputs are not required!
3) No exotic, rare, or expensive gases are required. Nitrogen or argon with ordinary light hydrogen works well.
4) No rare or super expensive anode materials are required. Many different iron nickel alloys work and they seem to frequently use common Tungsten, Nickel, Iron alloys. Monty states that many different materials work. No platinum, palladium, or special isotopes are required.
5) The input doesn't require fancy waveforms or specific frequencies. Ordinary current restricted DC works fine. However, the power supplies need to be protected from back surges.
6) You can monitor the progression of the self organized plasma not only with a camera but on your oscilloscope because the ion acoustic waves are the signature of self organization. So if a university team doesn't have a huge reactor with multiple ports for cameras and spectrometers, they can still detect what's happening inside.
7) Copper can be used as a cathode material, but there is vast room for improvement.
8) A little remaining water in the reactor chamber after degassing won't prevent the self organized plasma from forming. You don't need ultra expensive equipment to remove every water molecule. Ball lightning forms in the atmosphere where plenty of water vapor is around.
9) There are many forms of energy output to measure including light ranging from IR to extreme ultraviolet. Radio-frequency emissions will also be produced. Since EVOs are ideal longitudinal wave generators, these could also be monitored. Direct electrical extraction could also be done via a number of methods.
10) The highest temperatures will be confined to the region of the self organized plasma and the anode. This means that depending on the reactor volume the heat produced can be removed by active cooling to prevent ports and seals from being damaged. Of course if you push the system hard, the excess energy could increase rapidly to the point of inducing damage if the reactor and coolant system are not carefully designed.
11) Unlike hot fusion systems, there is no need for external magnetic fields to contain the plasma. The double layers act as containment fields. Basically, the self organized plasma contains itself. Like Monty Childs says, if you give the plasma what it wants it does the work for you. This is a huge win in terms of design and cost.
12) There is no absolute requirement to continually pump hydrogen into the system. A hollow anode filled with hydrogen that migrates to the surface is not required. Monty has stated that solid anodes work well and the transmutation products are found all the way to the center. This is another win in terms of design and cost. Instead of needing a custom anode there will be commercial off the shelf spheres that will be just fine.
The reality is that this technology is simple, powerful, and forgiving. Obviously, any university or other organization attempting to replicate would need competent engineers but a million dollar budget and dozens of workers would not be required for a small setup. The world needs this technology immediately. This is not only because it allows for unlimited clean energy, but because it will lead to much, much more.
for the cold fusion ping list
Sounds like you could build a version of this in your garage if need be.
What about phased plasma rifles in the 40 watt range?
(Sorry, couldn’t resist 🤪)
Hey, just what you see, pal!
Sounds cool anyways 👍
“There is no absolute requirement to continually pump hydrogen into the system.”
Soooo..... this device is utilizing hydrogen from water?
I think so, yes. And very little of that hydrogen is necessary to sustain the reaction.
An electric arc though water produces nitrogen as a transmutation product. One can verify the absence of hard gamma and further the absence of most of the energy one would expected based on the amount of transmutation. The stoichiometry deduces from the data a specific reaction.
In generalization of that type of reaction it is a a Kidman type reaction. A Kidman type reaction occurs because the target and projectile atom’s nuclei are re-arranged so that nuclei’s charges are no longer point charges. That causes atom-to-atom bonding similar to magnet-to-magnet. That also causes screening that reduces the Coulomb barrier.
It could be that the absence of hard gamma and further the absence of most of the energy one would expected based on the amount of transmutation is because when these rearranged nuclei fuse, the expected energy emerges as an as yet undefined mass. In general mass production should follow the hierarchy of decay from a virtual Higgs particle to the zoo predicted by the standard model.
But what happens here is likely more fundamental than the standard model. Perhaps if we had good candidates for what particles are produced by a Kidman type reaction we would also have a good candidates for dark energy and dark matter.
You could do this experiment in your garage with a 5mW laser.
https://freerepublic.com/focus/f-chat/3968011/posts
and then send out the samples to be tested [that’s the expensive equipment part].
How do you have enough heat to break down water into hydrogen without creating steam, thus cooling the reaction and causing flameout.
I think he’s setting up a ball-lightning plasma, which changes the requirements for steam, at the same time electolyzing the product, and separating H2 & Oxy.
I’m thinking this will need a lot more energy to sustain this ball lightening than they assume. In nature the ball lightning rapidly deteriorates in the absence of a bazillion volts of static electricity. But I’m not a engineer or scientist. Just thinking.
Notice where they discuss Condensed Hydrogen clustered at lattice defects.
Triggering may release high energy particles which in turn may cause fusion and/or transmutations.
See also other Ultra Dense Hydrogen publications by Holmlid.
They are not assuming, they are OBSERVING this action in their experiments.
“Experiments trump theory. Always.” ~Richard Feynman
The Cold Fusion/LENR Ping List
http://www.freerepublic.com/tag/coldfusion/index?tab=articles
Keywords: ColdFusion; LENR; lanr; CMNS
chat—science
—
Vortex-L
http://tinyurl.com/pxtqx3y
Best book to get started on this subject:
EXCESS HEAT
Why Cold Fusion Research Prevailed by Charles Beaudette
https://www.abebooks.com/9780967854809/Excess-Heat-Why-Cold-Fusion-0967854806/plp
Updated No Internal Trolling Rules for FR per Jim Robinson
https://freerepublic.com/focus/f-news/3928396/posts
If someone says stop, then stop. Do not enter onto a thread on a topic you don’t like just to disrupt, rattle cages, poke sticks, insult the regulars, or engage in trolling activities, etc. ~Jim Robinson
Please refrain from posting anything that doesn’t legitimately address the issue.
Something is going on in this segment of science. There are a considerable number of research groups studying the matter. -Sidebar Moderator
The formation of this kind of double layer was previously unknown to physics until the SAFIRE experiments. For whatever reason, the double layer is self-stabilizing and does not need huge external magnetic fields to provide confinement. Apparently, this stable confinement allows the reacting nuclei to be forced close enough for long enough to react instead of flying apart due to coulomb effect.
That is my understanding, at any rate...
It’s like the junction between metal & semiconductor nodes on transistors or the Josephson junction between 2 superconducting electrodes. This might end up being called the Safire LENR junction.
Ping for later.
Here is a link to a good layman’s discussion of the SAFIRE and AUREON history:
Here’s another experiment you could do in your garage.
https://freerepublic.com/focus/f-chat/4008659/posts
Disclaimer: Opinions posted on Free Republic are those of the individual posters and do not necessarily represent the opinion of Free Republic or its management. All materials posted herein are protected by copyright law and the exemption for fair use of copyrighted works.