A breakdown in communication: Mitochondria of diabetic patients can't keep time (Timing of medicine and exercise affect sleep)

Medical XPress / University of Copenhagen / Science Advances ^ | Oct. 20, 2021 | Brendan M. Gabriel et al

[ConservativeMind]

Almost all cells regulate their biological processes over a 24-hour period, otherwise called a cell's circadian rhythm. To do so, cells use a biological clock that cycles different genes on and off throughout the day and night. Scientists already know that our metabolic health can suffer when our biological clock breaks down, due to shift work or sleep disorders, for example. However, it's unclear how exactly the biological clock of people with type 2 diabetes differs.

Now a team of scientists has shown that the skeletal muscle in people with type 2 diabetes has a different circadian rhythm. They argue that this might arise because of a communication breakdown between a cell's timekeeping molecules and mitochondria, which produce chemical energy for cells.

In the study, the scientists first obtained skeletal muscle cells from people with type 2 diabetes and measured which genes showed cycling behavior over two days and compared them with cells from similar healthy people. They discovered that cells from people with type 2 diabetes had fewer—and some different—cycling genes.

They carried out further experiments using data generated from clinical tests in people with type 2 diabetes and mice, as well as cell-based experiments. These experiments demonstrated that mitochondria communicate with the molecules that keep time in our cells, and that this communication is disrupted in people with type 2 diabetes.

Some of the most widely used pharmacological treatments for type 2 diabetes affect mitochondria, meaning that they may work differently depending on the time of day they are taken. As a result, these findings highlight the importance of considering cellular rhythms when prescribing treatments for type 2 diabetes.

"Exercise and diet are regularly used treatment interventions for people with type 2 diabetes, and both of these treatments can affect the time-keeping molecules and mitochondria," says Dr. Gabriel.

[ConservativeMind]

This is a strange thing to have found. It shows that getting good sleep is very important, but that the medicines and exercise time may help or hurt getting good sleep.

It also seems diabetic cells lose mitochondria, which are the energy generators for each cell. These are key to keeping proper scheduling for sleep.

[Gene Eric]

>> ConservativeMind: “diabetic cells”

Interesting way of describing the cells.

>> Article: “the molecules that keep time in our cells”

This is also an interesting concept where cells have time awareness.

[ConservativeMind]

The supplement “PQQ” can help cells grow additional mitochondria, but it would seem minimizing diabetes, perhaps through diet, would be the only way to help the cell mitochondria reduction issue resolve.

We really don’t want to lose mitochondria, because cells then become incapable of performing their given functions.

[Dave Wright]

This line of research suggests a lot of possible treatments for Type 2 diabetes. The different genes in these patients may simply require drug induced changes to the methylation structures that govern the suppression or promotion of gene products. These structures may have become blocked because of dietary sugar intake or related insulin intolerance changes.

Even more advanced research could involve replacing the Type 2 genes with the better timed genes in muscle stem cells. These would be taken from either the patient or allogeneic donor with their immune response turned off to create an off-the-shelf “cure”. CRISP Therapeutics is actively working in this area of research to develop allogeneic CAR-T T-cell treatments for tumors. Their process could be adapted for muscle cells as well. They have a current line of research to replace the islet cells in the pancreas with allogeneic cells to “cure” Type 1 diabetes.

[packagingguy]

This is a coincidence, I was just researching phlorotannins from Ecklonia cava this morning when the following came up on the NIH website:

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7090987/

This article discusses use of Ecklonia in diabetes and mitochondial dysfunction.

You can buy it here:

https://www.swansonvitamins.com/swanson-greenfoods-formulas-ecklonia-cava-extract-53-mg-30-veg-caps

Ecklonia also induces sleep.

[ConservativeMind]

Good reading.

I have been taking a fucoidan supplement from Swanson for a couple months. I also eat occasional seaweed lunch packages, due to the wonderful benefits seaweed can have.

[RummyChick]

So here is my daily ..”never heard of that”...post

There are autoimmune diseases of the liver that don’t show up on your basic function tests until things really start to go wrong.

There are ways to catch them early. Good luck with getting your Dr to order tests at the start. If you start breaking out with weird skin things, weird veins, itchy skin..start paying attention to your body

For example..this ANA pattern test may show you have a liver problem with your mitochondria... EVEN IF YOUR LIVER FUNCTION TESTS ARE NORMAL

https://www.anapatterns.org/view_pattern.php?pattern=21

[nagant]

One telltale sign of type 2 diabetes is dark skin patches, usually on the back or neck. These patches result from inappropriate release of melanin from skin melanocytes. This release is triggered by inappropriate release of melatonin from the brain’s pineal gland. The pineal gland sits on the junction of the two optic nerves, and forms its melatonin release rhythm from sunlight hitting the retinas.

It should be no surprise that this circadian rhythm breakdown should happen in type 2 diabetics because t2d represents a breakdown of cellular energy signaling. It can happen anywhere and everywhere along this melanin pathway.

Fact: 3.5 times as many diagnosed type 2 diabetics have cancer compared to the general population. You can imagine the increase in this propensity if undiagnosed type 2 diabetics were added in. This stands to reason because, like t2d, cancer represents a breakdown in cellular energy.

Type 2 diabetes is a precursor of cancer.

[nagant]

I submit that, most commonly, type 2 diabetes does not spring from inappropriate sugar handling, but from gut bacteria overgrowth from sugar ingestion. It causes a porous intestinal lining. The porosity allows food lectins like wheat germ agglutinin (WGA) and bean concavalin to enter the bloodstream undigested. These lectins have an affinity for cellular insulin receptors. They prevent insulin from entering cells. The pancreas releases excess insulin. The blood fills with glucose and insulin while cells starve for energy ...Type 2 diabetes.

[sauropod]

bkmk

[WaterWeWaitinFor]

Interesting

[ConservativeMind]

I did not know about the cancer/diabetes relationship, nor the dark patch consideration and its driver.

You have given me a few things to think about.

Thank you.

[OrangeDaisy]

I thought the dark skin patches, officially called acanthosis nigricans, were caused by too much insulin circulating in the body. Women with PCOS often have these dark patches. They are typically insulin resistant, but not obese, diabetic or pre-diabetic by medical standards. The dark patches can occur anywhere there are folds on the body such as arm pits, upper legs and elbows.

[nagant]

[JohnnyP]

“Type 2 diabetes is a precursor of cancer.”

It also causes ED in men. It damages the lining of the arteries where nitric oxide is produced, and locks up the fat soluble hormone testosterone in fat cells. Lose the fat and release the Kraken, er testosterone.