This is the second post in a three-part series on survival sanitation.Posted on 11/14/2012 2:14:03 PM PST by Renfield
This is the second post in a three-part series on survival sanitation.
In a SHTF situation, proper sanitation is of utmost importance if you want to keep your family from getting seriously sick. When you add to that a lack of medical facilities due to grid-down issues, staying healthy becomes even more crucial.
In this series I discuss the skills you need to avoid getting and spreading disease, and how to deal with waste and trash when your town and city services are no longer working.
When the grid goes down it doesn’t take long for serious sanitation problems to erupt. Take Auckland New Zealand for example:
In 1998, Auckland suffered a 5-week long power outage that halted water supplies, causing a large part of the city’s apartment dwellers and office workers to lose the ability to flush. Since the average person did not know how to properly deal with human waste, after only three days the resulting lack of wastewater services quickly escalated into a sanitation nightmare.
Here are two accounts of that time (please see footnotes for full articles):
Since water and sewage rely on electrically-driven pumps to get them into office blocks and towers, these services often aren’t available either. What little power is available is being used by emergency and civil services as far as possible, with other services like traffic lights being run if there’s anything to spare. Many office blocks have no power, water, or sewage services available. Combine the lack of sanitation with abscence of airconditioning and you can imagine what conditions are like in parts of these buildings.[1]
And here is an account from someone who was tasked in writing up a white paper for the New Zealand government on the effects caused by no running water:
People in general are not smart. Rather than try and conserve or make a plan once the water stopped flowing, they would flush their toilets. Without power from the force of water pressure the tank doesn’t refill. The domino effect is not only gross but staggering, what human beings that have never lived beyond modern conveniences will do is unimaginable.
What I researched and wrote about blew my own mind…when people were actually confronted with such a situation, they went where ever they could – they filled the toilet, the toilet tank, the tub, the shower, the sink – when the bathrooms became uninhabitable, they went in corners, boxes, bags, closets…most however left by the time they were using the tub. Guess how long that took? That’s right, three days!.[2]
If you’re in a situation where the grid goes down and the water stops flowing, you’ll want to be sure you’re correctly dealing with human waste.
Here’s how:
First off, if you have your own septic system, you’re in a better spot over others connected to a town/city sewer line. With a septic system, as long as you have availability to water (from storage or any grey water source), you’ll still be able to flush.
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To flush, you can fill up the back tank until the water reaches the float and then hit the flush lever, or… |
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If you have a big enough bucket (at least 2 gallons), quickly pour the bucket of water directly in the bowl which… |
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will trigger the siphoning action and cause it to flush on it’s own. |
If you’re short on water, then I recommend you follow the same procedures as those who are connected to town/city sewer lines:
If you’re connected to a town or city sewer line then the the absolute first step is:
If the sewer main is down, don’t flush the toilet. Not flushing will prevent your lines from mixing with neighborhood crap and backing up into your plumbing (not just the toilets but the sink and tub too).
If you’re absolutely sure there is no issue with the sewer lines, then you can follow the same method as someone on a septic system. Just be sure you have enough water for drinking, cleaning and cooking.
Before I get into some of the non-water dependent methods of waste removal, there are three things you need to be mindful of: flies, pests and pets. 
These guys would like nothing more than to chow down on your business and in some way come into contact with you or your living space.
Flies especially are notorious for landing on your food and plates while eating, and wouldn’t think twice about doing that after having just enjoyed a fecal feast at your expense. And what will soon follow is a fecal-borne pathogen’s ultimate fantasy — amounting to a health nightmare for you and your loved ones.
Given that, you want to do everything in your power to prevent them from coming into contact with your excrement by keeping it covered and clean (more details to follow).
If you live in the boonies or a semi-rural area but are still connected to the grid, consider yourself lucky. For you guys, it’s just a matter of doing your business outside.
In a short-term emergency, a few cat holes is all you need. Just take a garden trowel, a small shovel, or a post digger and make a hole about 6-8 inches deep and 4-6 inches in diameter. Do your business in the hole, wipe, throw the toilet paper (or leaves 
) in there too, and cover it up with the dirt you took out.
Although this is an easy method, here are a few rules you’ll want to abide by:
For a longer-term sanitation solution, you’ll want to build yourself a trench latrine.
A trench latrine is basically an oversized cat hole that is used multiple times. With the exception of dispersing it over a wide area, the same rules above apply to trench latrines as well.
The minimal recommended dimensions are around 1.5 feet (.45 m) wide x 1 foot (.3 m) deep and 2 feet (.6 m) long.
It’s also recommended that you build some type of privacy partition. An emergency situation is stressful enough. You don’t need to give anyone the added pressures of becoming a peep show. For example, a simple partition can be built with a few stakes in the ground with blankets, sheets or tarps stretched between them.
Since it is a multi-use station, you’ll also want to prevent any flies and pests from coming into contact with the exposed excrement. To do this, after each use cover your business with some wood ash, quick lime, or a few inches of the dirt that came out of the ground when making the pit.
The average person produces around 2-3 pints of urine and 1 pound of poop a day. Multiply that by the number of people in your family and in a short time you can only imagine the amount of crap that would pile up in an extended grid-down situation in the city.
In most cases, city dwellers (and many suburbanites) do not have access to land where they can safely dig a trench latrine or cat holes. If you are one of these unlucky folk you’ll need to consider other options. Here are two possibilities that you could use:
Even if the sewage lines are down or if you’re short on water, it’s still possible to use your existing toilet:
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First, remove as much water as you can from the bowl. |
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Second, tape a doubled-up trash bag to the underside of the toilet seat and let the bag fill the cavity of the bowl. |
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Have a pail of wood ash, quicklime, kitty litter or sawdust available so that after each duty is done, the offender can sprinkle a liberal amount over it. This will keep the stench down. |
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Finally, when the bag is filled up 2/3 the volume of the bowl, add a good amount of quicklime, wood ash or other disinfectant. If you do not have any of these things, you can use dirt with a little bit of a chlorine solution sprayed in it. After the addition of the disinfectant, securely tie up the bag and place it in a temporary, sealable container (like a 5-gallon bucket or trash container). Keep it in there until you can find a good time and place to dispose of it. |
A 5-gallon bucket can be used in a similar way to the toilet as explained above.
Like the toilet-method above, you’ll want to line it with a double-bagged layer of trash bags (heavy duty are highly recommended). For a seat, you can either sit on the rim of the bucket directly (it’s actually not as uncomfortable as you’d think), place your existing toilet seat on it, or place a couple of 2x4s or other similar objects on the rim to fabricate a makeshift seat:
If you feel like spending a little money you can pick up a toilet seat cover made for a 5-gallon bucket.
I’ve also seen them sell bags that are made for these 5-gallon expedient toilets
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For those of you with a bit more money in your pockets, they sell non-electric composting toilets
If any of you have these types of toilets, I’d love to hear from your experiences. That may be something that an apartment/city dweller could use in a SHTF situation.
I hope you come out of this post realizing how important the safe disposal of human waste is and how you can properly take care of you and your families waste if times get bad.
In the next and final article in this series I’ll be covering how you can properly dispose of garbage in a grid-down scenario.
Dump it on the White Hut lawn...
That’s what the Occupy crowd would do.
Ping
HUMANURE composting toilets. The best way to cleanly dispose of poop. It’s online, I’ve seen it work on a small city lot, used it myself out in the country, it WORKS. Just need buckets and some composting materials - dirt, leaf mould, chipper shredded stuff, sawdust (raw wood, not kiln dried lumber, microbes aren’t there).
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Humanure
Trench latrines and cat holes work well, used ‘em both for long periods of time, it composts fast when done properly.
I just posted the link to Humanure online.
I’ve used that kind of toilet and it works very well. No smell.
A few pointers that help things out in some situations.
The US Army came up with a neat technique to dispose of most urine apart from feces. Just get a long section of 5” diameter PVC pipe and bury it in the ground at an angle so that one end is waist high. By keeping most of the urine and feces separate, you significantly reduce the volume needed for a sealed waste container.
Quicklime (calcium oxide) is superb stuff for sanitation, both for feces and human remains. It strongly helps decomposition and kills lots of germs while reducing odor. Keeps down insects as well.
later
For the people in concrete cities like New York, if you forget these proper ways to deal with waste, or fail to prepare, then at least remember this better than nothing, compromise.
Use the ubiquitous plastic grocery bags from the supermarkets, put them over a five gallon bucket, or over a little waste basket from the bathroom or bedroom, or a big cooking pot, use it, tie it shut and pitch it into a garbage bag until that is full, then seal that.
A couple of weeks of that will stink to all get out, but at least it is separate from your environment, and can be disposed of when garbage service is returned.
Actually, it's good advice. I didn't think about the flies and animals. The water I part I did, but that's obvious.
I was referring to the NJ apartment hallway poopers.
Only in New York.
A catapult works well for that. For future reference, take note of the 0bama campaign signs in your neighborhood and use google maps to compute the range and bearing.
Oh, you have it down, all right. Good tips, LOL.
LOLOLOLOL! Best laugh I had today. (Rough day)
Bucket Toilets at the ready, SIR! :)
Maybe I should build some trench latrines near my property lines. After they’re filled up and covered with brush, they would make a good booby trap.
While we’re on the subject, will there be any posts on booby traps and defenses?
(Also good for anyone who has trouble with hemorrhoids.)
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