Did they ever pay those war debt back?
"Seventeen thousand Jews are killed outside Rovno, Ukraine".
"The Germans drive 7000 Jews from the Minsk (Belorussia) Ghetto to a pit dug into the still-frigid soil outside the city.
The Nazis murdered them with firearms.
Not satisfied with killing the adults, the Germans tossed the children into the pit alive and suffocated them."
"Popular German film star Joachim Gottschalk kills his family and himself rather than submit to the deportation and probable deaths of his Jewish wife and child."
The Jews of Finland
"The Jews of Finland found themselves in a bizarre situation with the outbreak of World War II.
Despite the Nazis' war on Europe's Jews, Finland's alliance with Germany caused over 300 Finnish Jews to fight alongside German soldiers on the Eastern Front, while Jewish women served in the country's civil defense corps.
"Finland's Jewish community numbered only about 2000 (including almost 300 refugees from Germany and Austria), and antisemitism was practically nonexistent in the country.
Finnish Jews had full rights as equal citizens.
Most of the refugees were housed in labor camps, where they lived in barracks.
"When Heinrich Himmler broached the subject of Finnish Jews, the country's prime minister, Johann Wilhelm Rangell, curtly replied that Finland had no "Jewish problem."
Valuing Finland's military cooperation against the Soviet Union, the Nazis applied no further pressure.
"In the autumn of 1942, however, eight Jewish refugees were handed over to the Gestapo.
Transported to the extermination camp at Auschwitz, Poland, all but one of the refugees perished.
Lengthy negotiations with the Swedish government secured the transfer of 160 other refugees to that neutral country.
The remaining refugees, along with almost all Jewish-Finnish citizens, survived the war--except for a few Jewish soldiers who died in battle fighting for the German cause.
USS Grampus, a 107-ton Plunger (later A-1) class submarine, was built at San Francisco, California. She was commissioned in late May 1903 and operated in the San Francisco Bay region until November 1906, when she was laid up at the Mare Island Navy Yard.
Returned to commissioned status in June 1908, Grampus served along the California coast for four years. She was renamed A-3 in November 1911. In reserve at the Puget Sound Navy Yard after June 1912, in February 1915 the submarine was placed on board the collier Hector for transportation to the Philippines. Arriving at Olongapo in late March and placed in commission in April 1915, A-3 began some six years of Asiatic Fleet duty.
During the First World War she conducted patrols in the Manila Bay area. In July 1920, when the Navy formally implemented its hull number system, she was designated SS-4. USS A-3 was decommissioned at Cavite Navy Yard in July 1921, stricken from the Navy list in January 1922 and sunk as a target in Manila Bay.
One month to Pearl Harbor. Thanks Homer for this fascinating daily look at what the thoughts were at the time. The lies Stalin told are amazing. I read it every day and don’t thank you enough.
That’s over $15T in today’s dollars—just about our current national debt.