"In January 1933 there were some 523,000 Jews in Germany, representing less than 1 percent of the country's total population. The Jewish population was predominantly urban and approximately one-third of German Jews lived in Berlin....
"By September 1939, approximately 282,000 Jews had left Germany and 117,000 from annexed Austria.
"Of these, some 95,000 emigrated to the United States, 60,000 to Palestine, 40,000 to Great Britain, and about 75,000 to Central and South America, with the largest numbers entering Argentina, Brazil, Chile, and Bolivia. More than 18,000 Jews from the German Reich were also able to find refuge in Shanghai, in Japanese-occupied China.
"At the end of 1939, about 202,000 Jews remained in Germany and 57,000 in annexed Austria, many of them elderly.
"By October 1941, when Jewish emigration was officially forbidden, the number of Jews in Germany had declined to 163,000.
"The vast majority of those Jews still in Germany were murdered in Nazi camps and ghettos during the Holocaust."
Europe's 1939 Jewish population:
