Posted on 07/04/2007 4:17:45 PM PDT by SunkenCiv
Nearly three years ago, NASA's oft-canceled $750 million Gravity Probe B Relativity Mission finally shot into space with one goal -- to quantify Einstein's predictions from Earth's orbit. Earlier this year, at the meeting of the American Physics Society, principal investigator Francis Everitt delivered the first results: Gravity Probe B has verified Einstein's theory to within 1 percent... Einstein's theory predicts that the axes should shift by a tiny amount -- 0.0018 degree -- under the influence of Earth's pull on space-time. After 18 months of data analysis, Everitt and his team measured the axial shift to within 1 percent of Einstein's prediction. Everitt, a Stanford physicist who has spent more than 40 years on the project, says the results are sweet indeed.
(Excerpt) Read more at discovermagazine.com ...
By contrast, according to quantum mechanics, an experimenter could entangle a pair of particles, separate them by vast distances, then instantaneously change the state of one by changing the state of the other - even at distances of millions of light years.This "spooky action at a distance," according to Albert Einstein and two colleagues, was a direct result of quantum mechanics if it failed to have more-classical underpinnings. It so defied common sense that they refused to accept quantum mechanics as a complete explanation for how physics really worked at the level of the very small.
The debate remained in the realm of "thought experiments" until 1964, when Irish physicist John Bell, working at the European Center for High Energy Physics in Geneva, described a way to test the idea.
Moreover, he concluded that if one followed the details of Einstein's argument to their logical conclusion, quantum mechanics was more than incomplete, it was wrong. This triggered an initial wave of experiments that demonstrated entanglement in the 1970s and '80s.
In 1997, a team at the University of Geneva conducted a particularly dramatic demonstration by entangling packets of light called photons, then sending them in opposite directions down fiber-optic lines to detectors nearly seven miles away.
When they measured properties of one photon, it had an instantaneous effect on the other. If the interaction behaved in a classical way, a measurable amount of time would have passed between measurement of one and the effect on the other.
Polzik's team is riding what Dr. Wootters calls a "new wave" of entanglement experiments, which has emerged only in the mid-1990s and is driven by the quest to design and build quantum computers.
Cal Tech physicist Richard Feynman is credited with being the first to propose the use of quantum computing, particularly for studying quantum phenomena.
Speed, and more speed
But the idea got its biggest boost in 1993, researchers say, when Peter Shor at AT&T Laboratories in Florham Park, N.J., showed that a quantum computer could solve several types of problems much faster than they could be solved on a conventional computer.
Such problems range from factoring large prime numbers, the key to breaking data-encryption codes, to the "traveling salesman" problem, which tries to find the most efficient path for people to take if they need to visit several customers in a given amount of time.
Quantum computers, Wootters notes, require large assemblages of entangled particles to achieve the data-crunching power required to solve these problems. Entanglement also holds the key to quantum communication and quantum teleportation - ways of transferring quantum information within and among quantum computers.
The possibility of quantum teleportation was first posited in 1993 by IBM researcher Charles Bennett and colleagues.
First let’s address two oxymorons : “delta momentum”(heisenberg)and “rest mass”(einstein). Delta means a rate of change of something, momentum means no change of state. Thus “delta momentum”(of the HUP)literally means “rate of change of no change of state” - an oxymoron. “rest” means momentum(mv), “mass” means change(mv^2/2). “rest mass” then taken literally means “momentum-mass” - direct opposites - an oxymoron.
In physics it is said : when all else fails, go back to NEWTON. His first law : an object will remain at rest or move at a constant velocity in a straight line(momentum state)until an external force is impressed upon it(mass change).
The mistake began with Simon De La Place(1827) : energy is momentum times velocity. Then parroted by Planck(1900) : the quantum area h is defined by q x p where q was his symbol for momentum and p for particle velocity. Then parroted by heisenberg(1927)in his HUP : h approx=to dM x dPv or h approx=to dM x dWs where dWs means incremental change in matter wavelength(complementary energy level).
Flat WRONG! The quantum area h is purely defined by Particle velocity(dPv) and Matter wavelength(dWs) : h = dPv x dWs. In other words, momentum and mass are subsidiary effects of either the BALANCE of Pv=Ws(momentum)or the IMBALANCE of Pv not=to Ws(mass). The formulas being not-t=PE=M=(W=P) and t=dKE=m=(P not=to W).
This then is quantum weirdness at its best. You think of momentum(M)as a ball rolling around in a cup, finally coming to a rest. Au Contrare! The ball is VERY delicately balanced on a needle tip, the slightest dPv or dWs change and it drops back into mass-time land again(lights, camera, ACTION).
This then is why “peace”, equilibrium, stasis is so hard to find in this world(gurus seek it, praying pilgrims seek it) : “rest” is an exceedingly hard to find BALANCE between the 2 great languages of complementarity(no rest for the wicked, right?).
So, go back to the 1920s and Einstein vs DeBroglie. Einstein was already a famous GERMAN physicist, DeBroglie was but a humble FRENCH physicist. And yet DeBroglie thought that if light was both particle and WAVE, why shouldn’t matter(we now call them fermions)be WAVES as well as particles? He published his matter wave theory in 1922.
In 1926 Davisson and Germer(at Bell labs) were shooting electrons at the normal angle at the face of a pure nickel crystal. Instead of bouncing off at random angles, they hit a peak at 50 deg, a completely unexpected result. This could ONLY be explained if the crystalline lattice of the Ni crystal was acting as a diffraction grating for the electron’s MATTER WAVES.
Wa-La : the other half of quantum mechanics was born, thus E=mc^2=hw where w is DeBroglie’s MATTER Wave number. Thus, as fermions we are half invisible MATTER WAVES; ie, the wavelength is given by h/mv. Since h is but 6.625 x 10^-34W the matter wavelengths are some 20 orders of magnitude shorter for CM objects than visual 4000A to 7700A wavelengths. You don’t SEE matter waves, you FEEL them as deceleration/weight in your sense of touch.
This then brought about the great AHA moment. If the electron is a negative charge and the proton a positive charge, and unlike charges attract; why doesn’t the electron just spiral down into the nucleus? AHA = it’s moving at c at the Bohr Radius, and the perimeter of its orbit is one matter wavelength. This then explains the stability of atoms.
Then the **** hit the fan : DeBroglie’s equation for the SPEED of a matter wave crest is U = c^2/v. That meant that matter waves travel FASTER than the speed of light. Einstein et al went ballistic as the c-limit was their sacred tenet. So they came up with the hokey phase/group cover story. You blink your eyelid in .1 sec : phase matter waves, carrying no information, rush in from beyond pluto’s orbit, cancelling everywhere except at the GROUP which wave-defines your moving eyelid....pure BS! But they used that cover story to consign DeBroglie to the crazy aunt alice category and the “wavefunction” is rarely spoken of by physicists(the relativistic fix was IN).
But what they failed to consider was : is c^2 in U=c^2/v an AREA(mass)or a LINE(momentum)? Both are valid ways to look at what that c^2 means.
Ok then, from careful astronomical observations, there isn’t an 8 minute c-retard in the sun’s gravitational influence on the earth, it seems to be instantaneous. Thus 149x10^6/9x10^10= 16.55 x 10^-4 sec. This then is why gravity waves have never been observed moving at the c-limit, it’s MATTER WAVES as Momentum lines that bose-bonds fermions in capacitance wells that is gravity!
This is also confirmed by the entanglement experiments, c^2 as momentum LINE is VERY fast. There is another clue : cooper pair electrons bound by matter waves in what is called the coherence length.
So, it’s been a century of Einstein and relativity but Louis DeBroglie win win out in the long run...and your BODY(neural network)is your “time-eye”....
see post #22.
Interesting.
1% is HUGE.
Imagine if 1% of airplanes crashed.
Thanks. Patton is right. This is interesting. I’ll try to find some more on it on the internet.
Yes, you have to get it firmly in mind that MATTER WAVES are half of your physical existence. You don’t SEE them, you FEEL them as over running matter waves in deceleration/weight in newtons of wave FORCE. Think of it as a surf wave slamming into a seawall. Physicists refer to it as the “collapse of the wavefunction” but I think over running matter wave energy describes it better.
Or try this experiment : throw a baseball(or some small, dense object)back and forth between your hands. In acceleration you have increased the Particle velocity(+dPv)but not the complementary matter Wavelength(+dWs). It ALSO has to be increased to that higher energy level. Now, you don’t feel/sense/detect THAT +dWs going into the ball, what YOU feel is your hand being decelerated against the ball which is W>P. This of course is but newton’s third law : for every action there is an equal and opposite reaction.
Thus you are investing matter wave energy in the ball which is the first law of thermodynamics : energy can never be created or destroyed, only transferred. As Einstein puts it : you can either keep your money in your pocket or put it in the bank, but you can’t have it both ways.
When you catch the ball the original +dWs now comes back out as the impact Force in deceleration. In the parabolic arc it is in the W=P Momentum state(mv)and the acceleration/deceleration is the mass-time state(mv^2/2). Note then that mv is the derivative and mv^2/2 is the integral. Also, the mv is what YOU see but hidden within it is the v/2 of matter wave energy that you DON’T see(with your eyes).
This then tells you that Pv and Ws are the true determinants of the quantum area h, and Momentum and mass are subsidiary effects of balance and unbalance in the wave-particle duality. In a later post I’ll explain how this graphs out in an easy to understand picture.
As to space-time vectors you COULD say that it is 5 vector : xyz and wp for time; OR you could say that it is 3 vector using the right hand motor/left hand generator rules : Force, E field, M field vectors all at right angles to each other. Put your thumb as F, pointer finger as E, middle finger as M; now with both hands, push thumb tips together(right palm up)so that all oppose each other. If we think of F as being BOTH the line of Pv and Ws; this then is how matter wave energy is transferred from motor to generator. Our xyz “dimensions” are arbitrary cartesian vectors, anthropomorphic “we’re the center of the universe” nonsense.
So, I’m introducing you to a whole new physics, and yet it’s been there since the 1920s. It is one thing to see, another to PERCEIVE. DeBroglie had it right all along but Einstein, a generation ahead with his relativity theory couldn’t/wouldn’t buy the “spooky action at a distance” but DeBroglie’s U=c^2/v easily explains it.
At c^2 as momentum line the global velocity is 9 x 10^10 km/sec or 1 lightyear in 105 sec, and the local velocity is v=0. Analogy : completely asleep in a 500 km/hr jet. This is how aliens in UFOs get around the universe so fast, they had their DeBroglie too, and LISTENED to him about MATTER WAVES. And don’t worry about c^2/v where v=0 meaning infinity; I can get rid of that very easily.
Another aspect : SIGHT is where the photon stops at your retina but OVER RUNNING EM wave energy kicks an electron out of orbit, up the optic nerve to your brain, where you actually SEE. SOUND is where the OVER RUNNING gas compression wave hits the elastic eardrum, thru the bones, cochlear nerve and to the brain where you actually HEAR.
In the same way, deceleration of OVER RUNNING MATTER WAVE ENERGY is sensed by the nerve, thru the neural network and to your brain, where you feel TIME. Your body is your “time-eye” with your sense of touch(haptics). Much has been said about the observer disturbing things at the atomic level. Have to laugh, they were looking thru the microscope the wrong way, your own body is the “time observer”.
Well, “timer” has much to do today, home chores and errands, more tonight...
Yes, you have to get it firmly in mind that MATTER WAVES are half of your physical existence. You don’t SEE them, you FEEL them as over running matter waves in deceleration/weight in newtons of wave FORCE. Think of it as a surf wave slamming into a seawall. Physicists refer to it as the “collapse of the wavefunction” but I think over running matter wave energy describes it better.
Or try this experiment : throw a baseball(or some small, dense object)back and forth between your hands. In acceleration you have increased the Particle velocity(+dPv)but not the complementary matter Wavelength(+dWs). It ALSO has to be increased to that higher energy level. Now, you don’t feel/sense/detect THAT +dWs going into the ball, what YOU feel is your hand being decelerated against the ball which is W>P. This of course is but newton’s third law : for every action there is an equal and opposite reaction.
Thus you are investing matter wave energy in the ball which is the first law of thermodynamics : energy can never be created or destroyed, only transferred. As Einstein puts it : you can either keep your money in your pocket or put it in the bank, but you can’t have it both ways.
When you catch the ball the original +dWs now comes back out as the impact Force in deceleration. In the parabolic arc it is in the W=P Momentum state(mv)and the acceleration/deceleration is the mass-time state(mv^2/2). Note then that mv is the derivative and mv^2/2 is the integral. Also, the mv is what YOU see but hidden within it is the v/2 of matter wave energy that you DON’T see(with your eyes).
This then tells you that Pv and Ws are the true determinants of the quantum area h, and Momentum and mass are subsidiary effects of balance and unbalance in the wave-particle duality. In a later post I’ll explain how this graphs out in an easy to understand picture.
As to space-time vectors you COULD say that it is 5 vector : xyz and wp for time; OR you could say that it is 3 vector using the right hand motor/left hand generator rules : Force, E field, M field vectors all at right angles to each other. Put your thumb as F, pointer finger as E, middle finger as M; now with both hands, push thumb tips together(right palm up)so that all oppose each other. If we think of F as being BOTH the line of Pv and Ws; this then is how matter wave energy is transferred from motor to generator. Our xyz “dimensions” are arbitrary cartesian vectors, anthropomorphic “we’re the center of the universe” nonsense.
So, I’m introducing you to a whole new physics, and yet it’s been there since the 1920s. It is one thing to see, another to PERCEIVE. DeBroglie had it right all along but Einstein, a generation ahead with his relativity theory couldn’t/wouldn’t buy the “spooky action at a distance” but DeBroglie’s U=c^2/v easily explains it.
At c^2 as momentum line the global velocity is 9 x 10^10 km/sec or 1 lightyear in 105 sec, and the local velocity is v=0. Analogy : completely asleep in a 500 km/hr jet. This is how aliens in UFOs get around the universe so fast, they had their DeBroglie too, and LISTENED to him about MATTER WAVES. And don’t worry about c^2/v where v=0 meaning infinity; I can get rid of that very easily.
Another aspect : SIGHT is where the photon stops at your retina but OVER RUNNING EM wave energy kicks an electron out of orbit, up the optic nerve to your brain, where you actually SEE. SOUND is where the OVER RUNNING gas compression wave hits the elastic eardrum, thru the bones, cochlear nerve and to the brain where you actually HEAR.
In the same way, deceleration of OVER RUNNING MATTER WAVE ENERGY is sensed by the nerve, thru the neural network and to your brain, where you feel TIME. Your body is your “time-eye” with your sense of touch(haptics). Much has been said about the observer disturbing things at the atomic level. Have to laugh, they were looking thru the microscope the wrong way, your own body is the “time observer”.
Well, “timer” has much to do today, home chores and errands, more tonight...
See post #28. Must go, errands/chores beckon...
I think what they mean is that one-percent is the resolution of the experiment, not the accuracy of the theory. In other words, Einstein predicted 0.0018, we measured (say) 0.001801 plus or minus 0.000018 (one sigma), would "confirm" Einstein within 1%. If they measured 0.001901 plus or minus 0.000018, assuming no experimental errors, this would strongly refute Einstein's theory of General Relativity.
There are four classical tests of General Relativity. One is the precession of the perihelion of Mercury. It was the only one that Einstein could check by hand before publishing the theory. He recalled his gratification when his calculation fit the observations. (Anomalies in the orbit of Uranus had lead to the discovery of Neptune and were considered a major victory for Newtonian mechanics. The Newtonians of the early twentieth century were waiting for a break through discovery associated with the precession of the p of M to provide another triumph for Newton. Score one for Einstein.)
Four classical tests of GR:
1.) Precession of the perihelion of Mercury. (Historically confirmed prior to GR.)
2.) Deflection of starlight by Sun during an Eclipse. (Eddington, 1919.)
3.) Red shift of the spectrum of massive stars. (Various)
4.) Delay of trans solar radar echos from inner planets (Shapiro, ~1962.) 2.)
Eddington - Moon, not Sun.
http://www.valdosta.edu/phy/astro/pl_shows/bh_2001/bh/page40.html
The famous story is that after presenting his results, Eddington was approached by a member of the audience who told him, “They say that there are only three people in the World who actually understand this relativity business.” Eddington stood mute for a minute as if deep in thought. His interlocutor persisted, “Now, come on man, don’t be so modest.” Eddington looked up from his trance and replied, “No, I’m just trying to imagine, who’s the third.”
Eddington loved to tell that story at high tea at Oxford. For decades.
LOL. Got it.
You got it? Then you must be the third!
Not really - whenever I mumble something about this stuff, everyone thinks I am nuts - like, the STOR is not a speed limit, but a warning...once you hit the n-cube, 4 d will be a little hard to find...
I think I need more coffee.
Or a beer. LOL.
Quantum weirdness is too tough for most to handle...you’re not alone....
You know, you tag line only works for large values of zero.
Oh really, I didn’t know there was LARGE as well as small values of zero, how enlightening.../sarc/
Next I suppose you’ll be demonstrating infinity by cutting off LARGE pieces of zero from a watermelon with a very sharp knife. Perhaps you could practice on a radish with small pieces of zero first.../sarc/
Was my comment not funny? Sorry. I meant it to be.
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