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Darwin Among the Believers (theory of evolution crucial for many fields)
Tech Central Station ^ | 07/22/2005 | Frederick Turner

Posted on 07/22/2005 4:46:53 AM PDT by Nicholas Conradin

In a recent TCS essay ("Darwin and Design: The Evolution of a Flawed Debate") I attacked what I regarded as the excesses of both sides of the evolution-creationism debate. There were angry responses in the mail and the blogosphere from both the creationist and the evolution sides, which pleased me, since there were clearly oxen on both sides that felt they had been gored, and caps in my piece that were felt to have, uncomfortably, fit. The angry evolutionists were especially interesting, as they often wound up admitting implicitly that their real agenda was atheism -- while denying that there was any social policy message in that agenda.

In the essay I did state flatly that the theory of evolution had been proved. I wanted it to be clear where I stood. Much of the mail I received protested about that statement. I hold to it, and hold to it not as my own opinion, but as a fact, like the existence of Australia, which is not my opinion but a fact. But I do know that there are many who sincerely, and given their range of knowledge, rationally, do not believe in the theory of evolution.

By the theory of evolution I mean the origination of new species from common ancestral forms by an iterated process of genetic mutation, natural selection, and hereditary transmission, whereby the frequencies of newly altered, repeated, and old genes and introns in a given lineage can cross ecological, structural, and behavioral thresholds that radically separate one species from another. In one sense, this can be summed up in a syllogism, which must be true if we make the basic and essential act of faith that logic itself is true: survivors survive. Given enough time, variation among the genes of individuals, variations in habitat in space and time, the process by which genes translate into proteins, tissues, and organs, and the thresholds that define biological species, all of which can be observationally verified, the principle of the "survivors survive" syllogism must bring about a huge branching of different kinds of life.

The above summary statement of the theory will not convince opponents, who will be able to pick philosophical holes in it (which holes have been sewn up by countless scientists and philosophers in the last 150 years). But what opponents of evolution do not perhaps realize is what they are up against in terms of sheer human and civilizational achievement based on the evolutionary paradigm. This is not a proof of evolution, any more than the four-thousand year history of the survival of the Jewish people is a proof of Judaism or the worldwide congregation of Christianity is a proof of that religion; but it is an indication of the kind of scholarship that would be needed to refute it.

There are at least 50 major journals in the academic field of biology. All accept without question the theory of evolution as I outlined it above. They are not attempting even to prove the theory, any more than math journals attempt to prove that the sum of the internal angles of a plane triangle is 180 degrees, or engineering journals revisit the existence of gravity. But they would be nonsense without the theory of evolution, just as engineering would be nonsense without gravity. Each of those journals is published about four times a year; several of them have been in existence for over a hundred years. Each journal contains at least ten articles of about 2-20 pages, and each of those articles represents several months' or years' work by a team of trained biologists whose most compelling material and moral interest would be to disprove the work of all their predecessors and to make an immortal name by doing so. The work of the biological teams is required to be backed up by exhaustive experiment and observation, together with exact statistical analysis of the results. There is a continuous process of search through all these articles by trained reviewers looking for discrepancies among them and demanding new experimental work to resolve them. Since every one of these articles relies on the consistency and truth of the theory of evolution, every one of them adds implicitly to the veracity of the theory. By my calculation, then, opponents of evolution must find a way of matching and disproving, experiment by experiment, observation by observation, and calculation by calculation, at least two million pages of closely reasoned scientific text, representing roughly two million man-years of expert research and perhaps trillions of dollars of training, salaries, equipment, and infrastructure.

But the task of the opponent does not end here. For biology is not the only field for which the theory of evolution is an essential foundation. Geology, physical anthropology, agricultural science, environmental science, much of chemistry, some areas of physics (e.g. protein folding) and even disciplines such as climatology and oceanography (which rely on the evolutionary history of the planet in its calculations about the composition of the atmosphere and oceans), are at least partially founded on evolution. Most important of all for our immediate welfare, medicine is almost impossible as a research discipline without evolutionary theory. So perhaps the opponent must also throw in another 4 million pages, four million man-years, and ten trillion dollars -- and be prepared to swallow the billions of human deaths that might follow the abandonment of the foundations of medical, mining, environmental, agricultural, and climatological knowledge.

If what is at stake is a proposition in the theology of biblical interpretation that is not shared by a large minority or possibly a majority of Christians and Jews, perhaps it might be more prudent to check the accuracy of the theology, which, after all, is a human creation even if scripture itself is conceded to be divinely inspired. Might not God's intentions be revealed better in the actual history and process of nature, his creative expression, than in the discrepancies we might hope to find in its self-consistency and coherent development?


TOPICS:
KEYWORDS: atheism; biology; creationism; crevolist; darwin; evolution; medicine; pharisee
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To: mike182d
What is evil?

You tell me. For the purposes of my question "evil" is whatever you defined it as in the statement that I questioned.

141 posted on 07/22/2005 11:12:40 AM PDT by AntiGuv (™)
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To: mlc9852
Facts are in the mind of the beholder, my friend.

Oh goody...I've always thought that there's no reason why I shouldn't be able to fly or breathe underwater :)

142 posted on 07/22/2005 11:13:58 AM PDT by Chiapet (Cthulhu for President: Why vote for a lesser evil?)
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To: hopespringseternal

Sorry. Great scientific discoveries often come from noticing and studying niggling details. For instance, noticing that petri dishes contaminated with mold grew fewer bacteria.


143 posted on 07/22/2005 11:14:56 AM PDT by From many - one.
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To: Chiapet

Well, you'll never know until you try! Good luck.


144 posted on 07/22/2005 11:19:17 AM PDT by mlc9852
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To: theBuckwheat
"Perhaps it might be more prudent of the evolutionists to check the accuracy of their belief in a system that cannot demonstrate how life came about from non-life"

Cannot demonstrate how life came about from non-life yet. Since when has absence of evidence become evidence of absence? If that were true we might as will give up on all research.

145 posted on 07/22/2005 11:19:33 AM PDT by b_sharp (Science adjusts theories to fit evidence, creationism distorts evidence to fit the Bible.)
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To: mlc9852
Facts are in the mind of the beholder, my friend.

Interesting peek inside the mind of a creationist.

Facts aren't facts when they contradict your desired ideology, eh? I've never understood why people would rather stick their fingers in their ears and chant to themselves rather than actually understand the world around them.

Willful ignorance isn't noble or beneficial, just sad. I cannot believe that God wants us to remain in such a state of ignorance.

146 posted on 07/22/2005 11:24:14 AM PDT by highball ("I find that the harder I work, the more luck I seem to have." -- Thomas Jefferson)
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To: Ichneumon

If he doesn't believe in an objective truth, then he might as well let himself be pegged as a liberal.


147 posted on 07/22/2005 11:24:46 AM PDT by RightWingAtheist (Creationism is not conservative!)
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To: highball

Why do you assume I'm ignorant because I refuse to accept that humans descended from some other life form? Should I assume you're ignorant because you do believe that?


148 posted on 07/22/2005 11:25:45 AM PDT by mlc9852
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To: mike182d

And so that we don't lose sight of the question, I'll reframe it.

You hold that an omnipotent God cannot do evil.

You evidently hold that an omnipotent God not only created everything, but created everything precisely to His specifications without any possibility of deviation.

How do you logically reconcile these two statements with the existence of evil? I can think of several ways, but I'm curious as to your answer.


149 posted on 07/22/2005 11:25:57 AM PDT by AntiGuv (™)
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To: The Ghost of FReepers Past; ohioWfan; Tribune7; Tolkien; GrandEagle; Right in Wisconsin; Dataman; ..
Heres one for the weekend.


Revelation 4:11
See my profile for info

150 posted on 07/22/2005 11:27:14 AM PDT by wallcrawlr (http://www.bionicear.com)
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To: Michael_Michaelangelo
This "Brad Harrub, Ph.D."?

_________________________________________________________

"Yes, Neandertals played bagpipes with their noses Posted by Jim Foley on April 01, 2005 | Comments (13) | TrackBack (0)

The April 1997 issue of Discover magazine had a pretty good April Fool's joke about a number of Neandertal musical instruments that had supposedly been discovered in Germany. It was an unlikely collection, featuring bagpipes, a tuba, a triangle and a 'xylobone', along with a cave painting of marching musicians.

In September 2000 the Institute for Creation Research fell for it and featured this evidence in one of their radio programs. I pointed that out on the Fossil Hominids website about a month later, and the ICR quickly apologized and retracted the claim.

However, no erroneous argument ever completely disappears from creationist literature. I've recently noticed the April Fool article cited again in an article by Brad Harrub on the Answers in Genesis website (update: the citation has now been removed).

Harrub also thinks that the Java Man skullcap belongs to a gibbon - even though AIG has admitted that this is a discredited argument that creationists shouldn't use any longer. Harrub's article was also published in AIG's 'peer-reviewed scientific journal', the Technical Journal. What is AIG's peer-review process like, if clangers like these can get through it?

_______________________________________________________

From: http://www.pandasthumb.org/pt-archives/week_2005_03_27.html

151 posted on 07/22/2005 11:29:37 AM PDT by atlaw
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To: Ichneumon
If he chose to, sure.

Then you're claiming God could cease being God. If it is possible for a perfect being to become imperfect, then that being is no longer "God."

Then he's not actually omnipotent. You'll have to find a more accurate word to use.

I think you misunderstand what "omnipotent" means. It does not mean the ability to do anything, it is the ability to do all that is possible.

A God which actually can't do some thing is not, in fact, omnipotent. Perhaps you could settle for "very powerful".

No. You are defining "omnipotent" in such a way that the word is nothing more than gibberish. It is not possible for God to exist and not exist at the same time. Is this, then, a limitation of God's power because that's something He can't do? I think you need to better understand what it means for God to be omnipotent.

And why would that be? Are you saying that God could not decide to start a new covenant of some sort? What a curious notion.

God's Law, or Covenant, is not arbitrary; it is not defined by God's whim. By definition, all that is good is of God. Evil, subsequently, is whatever is not of God. God cannot do something that is not of Himself. You're speaking nonsense. This is not a "limitation" in the true sense of the word. When I tell a child not to jump on the bed, he is being "limited" in his power because jumping on the bed is something he can do. If I told a rock not to jump on the bed, I am not "limiting" the rock's power because it is not capable of jumping on the bed in the first place. Thus, to say it is not possible for God to exist and not exist at the same time is not a limitation of His power because it isn't something that could be done in the first place.

You have yet to establish that deciding to commit evil would cause him to cease to exist.

The definition of God is the source of all that is good. If God became "evil," what we perceive as "evil" would then be "good." Thus, since moral qualifiers are dependent upon the nature of God, it is not possible for God to do something that is not of Himself, and therefore impossible for Him to do "evil." A God who could cease being Himself is by no means a "God," or anything worth being worshipped for that matter.

But in in case, you're talking in circles -- you've now embraced the notion of omnipotence which is not omnipotent, God who is not "God", and the end of the infinite and eternal. You've now equalled Alice's record of what she can believe before breakfast.

I'm merely clarifying what is meant by "omnipotence."

Oh, so he *is* omnipotent, even though he's not omnitpotent. Got it.

You are arguing over semantics. What you perceive to be omnipotence is nonsense because of the logical conclusions that such a meaning would necessitate.

I must have missed the part where God is required to always exercise his omniscient abilities, even when he prefers not to.

Omniscience isn't a coat that you can hang in your closet and forget about until its back in season. Furthermore, if you're willing to believe that God can withhold His power, could He not also withhold His love, or His knowing? Would not such a God be schizophrenic?

I don't think that any would believe in *your* odd version, certainly, but that's not the kind *I* was talkinga bout.

Every proponent of the God of classical theism believe that God cannot do evil. Apparently, you're the only one hung up by this issue.
152 posted on 07/22/2005 11:29:49 AM PDT by mike182d ("Let fly the white flag of war." - Zapp Brannigan)
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To: nmh
Because God creates. Man doesn't "create".

On the contrary, I've created many things. Including these posts, for example. God didn't deliver them into my email box and ask me to forward them for him.

But if you feel that God is the ultimate author of my posts after all, perhaps you should pay them more heed.

153 posted on 07/22/2005 11:31:32 AM PDT by Ichneumon
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To: atlaw

Snort.


154 posted on 07/22/2005 11:31:32 AM PDT by general_re ("Frantic orthodoxy is never rooted in faith, but in doubt." - Reinhold Niebuhr)
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"evo and creo ping on same thread" ping


155 posted on 07/22/2005 11:31:38 AM PDT by bobdsmith
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To: mlc9852
Well, you'll never know until you try! Good luck.

Darnit, the pesky fact that I can't do those things seems to keep getting in the way. I guess they're not just in the mind of the beholder after all....

156 posted on 07/22/2005 11:32:16 AM PDT by Chiapet (Cthulhu for President: Why vote for a lesser evil?)
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To: Ichneumon

hehe - I'll have to remember that one!


157 posted on 07/22/2005 11:32:49 AM PDT by AntiGuv (™)
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To: Chiapet

But just go ahead and give it a try...maybe you've evolved enough to pull it off!


158 posted on 07/22/2005 11:34:20 AM PDT by mlc9852
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To: mlc9852

We've certainly evolved the capacity to build jetplanes and scuba gear.


159 posted on 07/22/2005 11:35:46 AM PDT by AntiGuv (™)
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To: AntiGuv
You hold that an omnipotent God cannot do evil.

You evidently hold that an omnipotent God not only created everything, but created everything precisely to His specifications without any possibility of deviation.

How do you logically reconcile these two statements with the existence of evil? I can think of several ways, but I'm curious as to your answer.


I don't believe the following proposition:

an omnipotent God not only created everything, but created everything precisely to His specifications without any possibility of deviation.

God is the source of all perfection and thus the only perfect being in the whole of the cosmos, by definition. It is not possible for God to create another "god," or perfect being. Thus, any creation of God's is going to possess some degree of imperfection. Imperfection, however, is not evil nor is anything material evil.

Evil is a choice made by a free agent to seperate oneself from God. God did not create "seperation from Himself" but rather created all things to be united with Him. Furthermore, the free will - combined with the inherent imperfection of men - is not the cause of evil either for free-will can be used to attain the highest goods. Free-will, then, independently, is morally neutral.

Anyway, to make a long answer short - I really need to finish some work here before I leave the office - is that God did not create evil, men did. Its mere presence is not a product of God's failing but of men's.
160 posted on 07/22/2005 11:36:46 AM PDT by mike182d ("Let fly the white flag of war." - Zapp Brannigan)
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