Dietary fiber critical in managing hypertension, international study finds (Every five grams of fiber reduces blood pressure by 2.8 / 2.1 (-2.8/-2.1))

Medical Xpress / Monash University / Hypertension ^ | April 9, 2024 | Hamdi A. Jama et al

[ConservativeMind]

High blood pressure, or hypertension, remains a global health concern, contributing to 19% of deaths worldwide. In an international review, biologists highlight the pivotal role of dietary fiber in managing hypertension and reducing cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk, and call for the inclusion of dietary fiber in clinical guidelines for hypertension.

The review sheds light on the often-overlooked importance of dietary fiber in blood pressure management.

Said Francine Marques, "Dietary fiber has emerged as a crucial yet underappreciated part of hypertension management."

"Our comprehensive analysis emphasizes the evidence supporting the effectiveness of dietary fiber in lowering blood pressure and reducing the risk of cardiovascular events."

The review outlines a number of findings, including:

—The Impact of Fiber on Blood Pressure: Meta-analyses have shown that higher intake of dietary fiber is associated with a significant reduction in systolic and diastolic blood pressure, independent of pharmacological interventions. Each additional 5 grams of fiber per day is estimated to reduce systolic blood pressure by 2.8 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure by 2.1 mmHg.

—Gut Microbiota: Dietary fiber promotes cardiovascular health through various mechanisms, including modulation of gut microbiota and the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). These SCFAs produce anti-inflammatory effects and regulate immune function, contributing to reduced blood pressure.

—Challenges and Recommendations: Despite the clear benefits of dietary fiber, global intake remains insufficient, with the average consumption hovering around 11 grams per day. The review provides evidence-based recommendations, suggesting a minimum daily intake of >28g/day for women and >38g/day for men to effectively manage hypertension.

The review also provides resources for medical teams and patients of what foods to prioritize to increase fiber intake and reach their recommendations.

"Our study highlights the urgent need for health care providers to prioritize dietary fiber as vital for hypertension management," Associate Professor Marques said.

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