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Systematic use of coal as a fuel source found at Bronze Age dig site
Phys dot org ^ | August 1, 2023 | Bob Yirka

Posted on 08/11/2023 1:34:33 PM PDT by SunkenCiv

Prior research has shown that use of coal as a fuel source goes back many thousands of years, and its systematic use approximately 2,500 years. In this new effort, the researchers found evidence of systematic use approximately 3,700 years ago.

...two civilizations lived there nearly 1,000 years apart. The bottom level, the oldest, has been studied by other groups. The team on this new effort focused their attention on the layer that preserved evidence of habitation between 3,000 to 3,700 years ago—during the Bronze Age.

In addition to many artifacts, dig teams have unearthed coal from ancient fireplaces, storage pits, homes, smelting furnaces and near tool caches. Such a wide variety of sites, the researchers suggest, indicates that the use of coal was well established and it was used in many ways, including cooking food, heating homes, smelting metal and making weapons and tools. Or put another way, it suggests systematic coal use, nearly 1,000 years earlier than any previously known example.

The research team notes that in addition to the use of coal, the upper level of the dig site showed that much had been learned over the prior 1,000 years, such as growing crops, domestication of animals and the development of bronze processing. They also state that it was likely that the use of coal was adopted as wood became scarcer in the area. They also suggest that replacing wood with coal was likely a natural progression, as there was plenty of coal at or near the surface in the area, and the idea of using it as a fuel source likely was not much of a leap—coal has been known to combust naturally when exposed to the sun on a hot day.

(Excerpt) Read more at phys.org ...


TOPICS: History; Science; Travel
KEYWORDS: bronzeage; china; coal; donatedonaldtrump; donatefreerepublic; donatetrump; godsgravesglyphs
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Typical archaeological remains related to coal exploitation at JRTGK. (A) Coal ash unearthed from the floor of house site F1. (B) Coal pile unearthed from pit H112 in house site F25. (C) Coal lumps unearthed from house site F3. (D) Coal fragments incompletely burnt in stratum T2L3a. (E) Coal storage location near a furnace. (F) Stone artifact unearthed near a coal pile that was highly likely used for the coal fuel process.
Credit: Science Advances (2023)
Credit: Science Advances (2023)

1 posted on 08/11/2023 1:34:33 PM PDT by SunkenCiv
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To: StayAt HomeMother; Ernest_at_the_Beach; 1ofmanyfree; 21twelve; 24Karet; 2ndDivisionVet; 31R1O; ...

2 posted on 08/11/2023 1:34:53 PM PDT by SunkenCiv (Putin should skip ahead to where he kills himself in the bunker.)
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Some for tomorrow:

https://www.regione.sicilia.it/la-regione-informa/archeologia-nuovi-ritrovamenti-dagli-scavi-nella-valle-templi

https://www.floridamuseum.ufl.edu/science/ancient-dna-reveals-an-early-african-origin-of-cattle-in-the-americas/

https://www.livescience.com/archaeology/lost-1500-year-old-teotihuacan-village-discovered-in-the-heart-of-mexico-city

https://news.exeter.ac.uk/faculty-of-humanities-arts-and-social-sciences/roman-road-network-spanning-the-south-west-identified-in-new-research/


3 posted on 08/11/2023 1:36:55 PM PDT by SunkenCiv (Putin should skip ahead to where he kills himself in the bunker.)
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To: SunkenCiv

Those people would have been canceled like you wouldn’t believe. Lucky for them they lived before Twitter and the View panel.


4 posted on 08/11/2023 1:45:55 PM PDT by frank ballenger (You have summoned up a thundercloud. You're gonna hear from me. Anthem by Leonard Cohen)
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To: SunkenCiv

For Everyone:

These remains are in China. Sheesh! Why did I have to post this info?


5 posted on 08/11/2023 1:48:53 PM PDT by spel_grammer_an_punct_polise (Land is simply a place I visit until I can return to the sea.)
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To: SunkenCiv

Forging Damascus steel....?


6 posted on 08/11/2023 2:08:49 PM PDT by SpokeshaveReturns (Proud Boys, Angry Dads and Grumpy Grandads.)
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To: SunkenCiv

It is also much easier to melt copper and tin in a coal, rather than a wood fire. A coal fire can burn up to 3500°F, whereas a wood fire can’t get much hotter than 1000°F.


7 posted on 08/11/2023 2:09:26 PM PDT by Telepathic Intruder
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To: SunkenCiv

Bastids gave us climate change!


8 posted on 08/11/2023 2:23:35 PM PDT by bigbob (Q)
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To: SunkenCiv

“...coal has been known to combust naturally
when exposed to the sun on a hot day...”
-
First time I have ever heard of that.


9 posted on 08/11/2023 2:54:05 PM PDT by Repeal The 17th (Get out of the matrix and get a real life.)
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To: Repeal The 17th

Yeah, and the site of the sunburned coal is surrounded by human remains found to have died of thirst and sunstroke. :^)


10 posted on 08/11/2023 3:01:41 PM PDT by SunkenCiv (Putin should skip ahead to where he kills himself in the bunker.)
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To: spel_grammer_an_punct_polise

No one had a gun ta ya head.


11 posted on 08/11/2023 3:02:08 PM PDT by SunkenCiv (Putin should skip ahead to where he kills himself in the bunker.)
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To: SunkenCiv

The brandon age doesn’t even have coal.


12 posted on 08/11/2023 3:03:49 PM PDT by Leep (What skill or service did the biden family have that netted them tens of millions of dollars?)
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To: Repeal The 17th

I’m surprised all the coal i have laying around my property didn’t go up in flames..especially during the hottest month in the history of earth?


13 posted on 08/11/2023 3:07:09 PM PDT by Leep (What skill or service did the biden family have that netted them tens of millions of dollars?)
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To: bigbob
Bastids gave us climate change!

suggests systematic coal use, nearly 1,000 years earlier than any previously known example

Documentary evidence indicates man has been contributing to global warming/climate change much earlier than previously known.


14 posted on 08/11/2023 3:14:21 PM PDT by Bounced2X (Boomer - I survived childhood with no bike helmet.)
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To: SunkenCiv

***coal has been known to combust naturally when exposed to the sun on a hot day.***

Absolutely true! In the coal fired power plants we had to keep a constant eye on the coal pile for “hot spots”. Often one of these small fires would work it’s way into a coal pulverizer and blow it up. What a mess! And deadly to anyone walking by.


15 posted on 08/11/2023 3:21:33 PM PDT by Ruy Dias de Bivar (“No man’s life, liberty, or property are safe while the legislature is in session.”)
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To: SunkenCiv

“No one had a gun ta ya head.”

I was trying to be nice by not naming names but you had your smart-ass comment so that now I can say that I had to post the information because YOU neglected to do so. ;-)


16 posted on 08/11/2023 6:13:54 PM PDT by spel_grammer_an_punct_polise (Land is simply a place I visit until I can return to the sea.)
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To: spel_grammer_an_punct_polise

IOW, you’re a troll.


17 posted on 08/11/2023 7:01:15 PM PDT by SunkenCiv (Putin should skip ahead to where he kills himself in the bunker.)
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To: Ruy Dias de Bivar

Yow!


18 posted on 08/11/2023 7:01:48 PM PDT by SunkenCiv (Putin should skip ahead to where he kills himself in the bunker.)
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To: SunkenCiv

“IOW, you’re a troll.”

Flattery will get you nowhere. ;-)


19 posted on 08/11/2023 8:18:00 PM PDT by spel_grammer_an_punct_polise (Land is simply a place I visit until I can return to the sea.)
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To: bigbob

Your right. It is all their fault.


20 posted on 08/11/2023 8:20:15 PM PDT by moviefan8 (The noblest art is that of making others happy. - P.T. Barnum)
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