No Church father, nothing until the 1800s when Darby decided to scare people into joining his rapture cult. What better way to scare them?
I don’t have the materials handy write now but it all started with a vision of a fifteen yo Scottish girl who had a dream/vision and wrote it down; this was around 1790’s or so. Her name was Margret MacDonald, She wrote this down and years later John Darby saw it. It’s a bit involved but he somehow came in contact with Ellen G White the founder of the Seventh Day Adventists (lots of stuff happened there) from Darby came Scofield who advanced the theory and came out with his reference bible also known as the Rapture Bible. Read:http://openingtheseals.com/appendix/margaret-macdonald-the-origin-of-the-rapture/