Posted on 01/25/2014 6:51:38 AM PST by GonzoII
Sola Scriptura – An Unbiblical Recipe for Confusion
Sola scriptura was the central doctrine and foundation for all I believed when I was Protestant. On a popular level, it simply meant, If a teaching isnt explicit in the Bible, then we dont accept it as doctrine! And it seemed so simple. And yet, I do not recall ever hearing a detailed teaching explicating it. It was always a given. Unchallenged. Diving deeper into its meaning, especially when I was challenged to defend my Protestant faith against Catholicism, I found there to be no book specifically on the topic and no uniform understanding of this teaching among Protestant pastors.
Once I got past the superficial, I had to try to answer real questions like, what role does tradition play? How explicit does a doctrine have to be in Scripture before it can be called doctrine? How many times does it have to be mentioned in Scripture before it would be dogmatic? Where does Scripture tell us what is absolutely essential for us to believe as Christians? How do we know what the canon of Scripture is using the principle of sola scriptura? Who is authorized to write Scripture in the first place? When was the canon closed? Or, the best question of all: where is sola scriptura taught in the Bible? These questions and more were left virtually unanswered or left to the varying opinions of various Bible teachers.
The Protestant Response
In answer to this last question, “Where is sola scriptura taught in the Bible?” most Protestants will immediately respond as I did, by simply citing II Tm. 3:16:
All scripture is inspired by God and profitable for teaching, for reproof, for correction, and for training in righteousness, that the man of God may be complete, equipped for every good work.
How can it get any plainer than that? Doesnt that say the Bible is all we need? Question answered.
The fact is: II Timothy 3or any other text of Scripturedoes not even hint at sola scriptura. It says Scripture is inspired and necessary to equip the man of God, but never does it say Scripture alone is all anyone needs. Well come back to this text in particular later. But in my experience as a Protestant, it was my attempt to defend this bedrock teaching of Protestantism that led me to conclude: sola scriptura is 1) unreasonable 2) unbiblical and 3) unworkable.
Sola Scriptura is Unreasonable
When defending sola scriptura, the Protestant will predictably appeal to his sole authorityScripture. This is a textbook example of the logical fallacy of circular reasoning which betrays an essential problem with the doctrine itself. One cannot prove the inspiration of a text from the text itself. The Book of Mormon, the Hindu Vedas, writings of Mary Baker Eddy, the Koran, and other books claim inspiration. This does not make them inspired. One must prove the point outside of the text itself to avoid the fallacy of circular reasoning.
Thus, the question remains: how do we know the various books of the Bible are inspired and therefore canonical? And remember: the Protestant must use the principle of sola scriptura in the process.
II Tim. 3:16 is not a valid response to the question. The problems are manifold. Beyond the fact of circular reasoning, for example, I would point out the fact that this verse says all Scripture is inspired tells us nothing of what the canon consists. Just recently, I was speaking with a Protestant inquirer about this issue and he saw my point. He then said words to the effect of, I believe the Holy Spirit guides us into all truth as Jesus said in Jn. 16:13. The Holy Spirit guided the early Christians and helped them to gather the canon of Scripture and declare it to be the inspired word of God. God would not leave us without his word to guide us.
That answer is much more Catholic than Protestant! Yes, Jn. 16:13 does say the Spirit will lead the apostlesand by allusion, the Churchinto all truth. But this verse has nothing to say about sola scriptura. Nor does it say a word about the nature or number of books in the canon. Catholics certainly agree that the Holy Spirit guided the early Christians to canonize the Scriptures because the Catholic Church teaches that there is an authoritative Church guided by the Holy Spirit. The obvious problem is my Protestant friend did not use sola scriptura as his guiding principle to arrive at his conclusion. How does, for example, Jn. 16:13 tell us that Hebrews was written by an apostolic writer and that it is inspired of God? We would ultimately have to rely on the infallibility of whoever “the Holy Spirit” is guiding to canonize the Bible so that they could not mishear what the Spirit was saying about which books of the Bible are truly inspired.
The fact is, the Bible does not and cannot give us the answer to this question about the canon. It is an historical fact that the Church used Sacred Tradition outside of Scripture for her criterion for the canon. And the early Christians, many of whom disagreed on the issue of the canon, also needed the Church in council to give an authoritative decree on the whole matter.
In order to put this argument of my friend into perspective, can you imagine if a Catholic made a similar claim to demonstrate, say, Mary to be the Mother of God? We believe the Holy Spirit guides us into all truth and guided the early Christians to declare this truth. Would the Protestant respond with a hearty, amen? I think not! I can almost hear the response. Show me in the Bible where Mary is the Mother of God! I dont want to hear about God guiding the Church! Wouldnt the same question remain for the Protestant concerning the canon? Show me in the Bible where the canon of Scripture is, what the criterion for the canon is, who can and cannot write Scripture, etc.
Will the Circle be Unbroken?
The Protestant response at this point is often an attempt to use the same argument against the Catholic. How do you know the Scriptures are inspired? Your reasoning is just as circular because you say the Church is infallible because the inspired Scriptures say so and then say the Scriptures are inspired and infallible because the Church says so!
The Catholic Churchs position on inspiration is not circular. We do not say the Church is infallible because the inspired Scriptures say so. The Church was established historically and functioned as the infallible spokesperson for the Lord decades before the New Testament was written. The Church is infallible because Jesus said so. However, it is true that we know the Scriptures to be inspired because the Church has told us so. That is also an historical fact. However, this is not circular reasoning. When the Catholic approaches Scripture, he or she begins with the Bible as an historical document, not as inspired. As any reputable historian will tell you, the New Testament is the most accurate and verifiable historical document in all of ancient history. To deny the substance of the historical documents recorded therein would be absurd. However, one cannot deduce from this that they are inspired. There are many accurate historical documents that are not inspired. However, the Scriptures do give us accurate historical information whether one holds to their inspiration or not. Further, this testimony of the Bible is backed up by hundreds of works by early Christians and non-Christian writers like Suetonius, Tacitus, Pliny the Younger, Josephus, and more. It is on this basis that we can say it is an historical fact that Jesus lived, died and was reported to be resurrected from the dead by over 500 eyewitnesses. Many of these eyewitnesses went to their deaths testifying to the veracity of the Christ-event (see Lk. 1:1-4, Jn. 21:18-19, 24-25, Acts 1:1-11, I Cr. 15:1-8).
Now, what do we find when we examine the historical record? Jesus Christas a matter of history–established a Church, not a book, to be the foundation of the Christian Faith (see Mt. 16:15-18; 18:15-18. Cf. Eph. 2:20; 3:10,20-21; 4:11-15; I Tm. 3:15; Hb. 13:7,17, etc.). He said of his Church He who hears you hears me and he who rejects you rejects me, and he who rejects me rejects him who sent me (Lk. 10:16). The many books that comprise what we call the Bible never tell us crucial truths such as the fact that they are inspired, who can and cannot be the human authors of them, who authored them at all, or, as I said before, what the canon of Scripture is in the first place. And this is just to name a few examples. What is very clear historically is that Jesus established a kingdom with a hierarchy and authority to speak for him (see Lk. 20:29-32, Mt. 10:40, 28:18-20). It was members of this Kingdomthe Churchthat would write the Scripture, preserve its many texts and eventually canonize it. The Scriptures cannot write or canonize themselves. To put it simply, reason clearly rejects sola scriptura as a self-refuting principle because one cannot determine what the scriptura is using the principle of sola scriptura.
Sola Scriptura is Unbiblical
Let us now consider the most common text used by Protestants to prove sola scriptura, II Tm. 3:16, which I quoted above:
All scripture is inspired by God and profitable for teaching, for reproof, for correction, and for training in righteousness, that the man of God may be complete, equipped for every good work.
The problem with using this text as such is threefold: 1. Strictly speaking, it does not speak of the New Testament at all. 2. It does not claim Scripture to be the sole rule of faith for Christians. 3. The Bible teaches oral Tradition to be on a par with and just as necessary as the written Tradition, or Scripture.
1. What’s Old is Not New
Let us examine the context of the passage by reading the two preceding verses:
But as for you, continue in what you have learned and have firmly believed, knowing from whom you learned it and how from childhood (italics added) you have been acquainted with the sacred writings which are able to instruct you for salvation through faith in Jesus Christ.
In context, this passage does not refer to the New Testament at all. None of the New Testament books had been written when St. Timothy was a child! To claim this verse in order to authenticate a book, say, the book of Revelation, when it had most likely not even been written yet, is more than a stretch. That is going far beyond what the text actually claims.
2. The Trouble With Sola
As a Protestant, I was guilty of seeing more than one sola in Scripture that simply did not exist. The Bible clearly teaches justification by faith. And we Catholics believe it. However, we do not believe in justification by faith alone because, among many other reasons, the Bible says, we are justified by works and not by faith alone (James 2:24, emphasis added). Analogously, when the Bible says Scripture is inspired and profitable for the man of God, to be equipped for every good work, we Catholics believe it. However, the text of II Tim. 3:16 never says Scripture alone. There is no sola to be found here either! Even if we granted II Tm. 3:16 was talking about all of Scripture, it never claims Scripture to be the sole rule of faith. A rule of faith, to be sure! But not the sole rule of faith.
James 1:4 illustrates clearly the problem with Protestant exegesis of II Tim. 3:16:
And let steadfastness (patience) have its full effect, that you may be perfect and complete, lacking in nothing.
If we apply the same principle of exegesis to this text that the Protestant does to II Tm. 3:16 we would have to say that all we need is patience to be perfected. We dont need faith, hope, charity, the Church, baptism, etc.
Of course, any Christian would immediately say this is absurd. And of course it is. But James emphasis on the central importance of patience is even stronger than St. Pauls emphasis on Scripture. The key is to see that there is not a sola to be found in either text. Sola patientia would be just as much an error as is sola scriptura.
3. Traditions of Men Vs. The Tradition of God
Not only is the Bible silent when it comes to sola scriptura, but Scripture is remarkably plain in teaching oral Tradition to be just as much the word of God as is Scripture. In what most scholars believe was the first book written in the New Testament, St. Paul said:
And we also thank God that when you received the word of God which you heard from us, you accepted it not as the word of men but as what it really is, the word of God (I Thess. 2:13)
According to St. Paul, the spoken word from the apostles was just as much the word of God as was the later written word. Further, when St. Paul wrote II Thessalonians, he urged the Christians there to receive both the oral and written Traditions as equally authoritative. This would be expected because both are referred to as the word of God.
So, then, brethren stand firm and hold to the traditions which you were taught by us, either by word of mouth or by letter (II Thess. 2:15).
A common problem among Protestants at this point is a matter of semantics. Tradition is often viewed in a negative light because of Jesus condemnation of the tradition of men in Mark 7:8.
You leave the commandment of God, and hold fast the tradition of men.
Notice, this verse makes very clear what kind of tradition it was that Jesus condemned. Jesus condemned the tradition of men, not all tradition. And obviously so; otherwise, you would have Jesus contradicting St. Paul. In fact, you would have Jesus contradicting himself in Matthew 23:2-3:
The scribes and Pharisees sit on Moses seat; so practice and observe whatever they tell you, but not what they do; for they preach, but do not practice.
Jesus both refers to an oral traditionthe chair of Mosesand commands the apostles to believe and obey it.
Sola Scriptura is Unworkable
When it comes to the tradition of Protestantismsola scripturathe silence of the text of Scripture is deafening. When it comes to the true authority of Scripture and Tradition, the Scriptures are clear. And when it comes to the teaching and governing authority of the Church, the biblical text is equally as clear:
If your brother sins against you go and tell him his fault, between you and him alone But if he does not listen, take one or two others with you If he refuses to listen tell it to the church; and if he refuses to listen even to the church, let him be to you as a Gentile and a tax collector. (Mt. 18:15-17)
According to Scripture, the Churchnot the Bible aloneis the final court of appeal for the people of God in matters of faith and discipline. But isnt it also telling that since the Reformation of just ca. 480 years agoa reformation claiming sola scriptura as its formal principlethere are now over 33,000 denominations that have derived from it?
For 1,500 years, Christianity saw just a few enduring schisms (the Monophysites, Nestorians, the Orthodox, and a very few others). Now in just 480 years we have this? I hardly think that when Jesus prophesied there would be one shepherd and one fold in Jn. 10:16, this is what he had in mind. It seems quite clear to me that not only is sola scriptura unreasonable and unbiblical, but it is unworkable. The proof is in the puddin!
But Didn’t Jesus Himself Believe Sola Scriptura?
When the Devil tempted Jesus three times in Matthew 4, Jesus always responded with Scripture. In fact, with the second of the three temptations the Devil himself began with Scripture. As an aside, I would have to say that was not very smart of the Devil. If you are going to tempt the Word of God, do you really think you are going to outsmart the Word of God with the word of God?
At any rate, in Matt. 4:6, the Devil begins, “If you are the Son of God, throw yourself down [from the pinnacle of the Temple]; for it is written, ‘He will give his angels charge of you’ and ‘On their hands they will bear you up, lest you strike your foot against a stone’ (quoting Psalm 91:11-12).”
Jesus then responded with Scripture in Matt. 4:7, “Again it is written, ‘You shall not tempt the Lord your God’ (quoting Deut. 6:16).” Doesn’t this prove Jesus believed in sola scriptura?
Absolutely not!
Just because someone quotes Scripture as an authority, this does not mean he believes in sola scriptura. The Catholic Church quotes Scripture all the time and teaches that Scripture is the inerrant word of God. But what does that prove?
The key here is to understand Jesus not only quoted Scripture as authoritative, but he also referred to Tradition as authoritative in texts like Luke 16:22 (ever read anywhere of “Abraham’s Bosom” in the Old Testament? No, this was Jewish Tradition), Matt. 2:23 (Jesus refers to an Oral Tradition “spoken by the prophets” that is nowhere to be found in the Old Testament), and Matt. 23:1-3, which we saw above, where he speaks of the Tradition of “the chair of Moses”).
He also refers to his own authority when he says over and over, “You have heard it said,” and he often quotes Scripture immediately thereafter, but then he says, “But I say unto you…” He then either introduces new revelation or gives an authoritative interpretation of a biblical text (see Matt. 5:21-48) or, sometimes he simply gives an authoritative interpretation of what Scripture truly means, such as in Matt: 5:10-20.
So did Jesus Christ believe in sola scriptura? By no means! Neither should his Church. And while the Church cannot give new revelation as this ended with the death of the last apostolic man (and we know that because of, you guessed it, Tradition in order to understand texts of Scripture like Jude 3), the Church employs Scripture and Tradition just like her Lord, using her teaching authority she receives from her Lord (Matt. 18:15-18).
If you like this post and you would like to learn more, click here
Here, these will help you to better understand the reliability of the Bible we have:
Oral Tradition and the Gospels
Manuscript Evidence for Superior New Testament Reliability
The Formation of the New Testament Canon
Additionally, Luther did NOT remove any books from his German translation of the Bible. You can read more about this here:
If the word of God is as untrustworthy as you say it is, then NONE us of has a basis for the faith we have. God's word is immutable. He will ALWAYS preserve His word. Heaven and earth will pass away but the word of God will NEVER pass away.
Just an unsorted sample of Scripture supporting itself and slaughtering your thesis re tradition (your further embroidering of it) vs Holy Scripture, which needs only exposition, not prostitution:
Luk 24:25 Then he said unto them, O fools, and slow of heart to believe all that the prophets have spoken:
Luk 24:26 Ought not Christ to have suffered these things, and to enter into his glory?
Luk 24:27 And beginning at Moses and all the prophets, he expounded unto themthe scriptures the things concerning himself.
ταις γραφαις τα περι εαυτου
(Luke, writing in his own lifetime, of the Risen Messiah repeating, word for word, of the graphe of the Tanach to the face of two disciples)
Col 4:16 And when this epistle is read among you, cause that it be read also in the church of the Laodiceans; and that ye likewise read the epistle from Laodicea.
Col 4:17 And say to Archippus, Take heed to the ministry which thou hast received in the Lord, that thou fulfil it.
Col 4:18 The salutation by the hand of me Paul. Remember my bonds. Grace be with you. Amen. Written from Rome to Colossians by Tychicus and Onesimus. (and Paul, as seen)
2Pe 3:15 And account that the longsuffering of our Lord is salvation; even as our beloved brother Paul also according to the wisdom given unto him hath written unto you;
2Pe 3:16 As also in all his epistles, speaking in them of these things; in which are some things hard to be understood, which they that are unlearned and unstable wrest, as they do also the other scriptures, unto their own destruction.
Luk 1:1 Forasmuch as many have taken in hand to set forth in order a declaration of those things which are most surely believed among us,
Luk 1:2 Even as they delivered them unto us, which from the beginning were eyewitnesses, and ministers of the word;
Luk 1:3 It seemed good to me also, having had perfect understanding of all things from the very first, to write unto thee in order, most excellent Theophilus,
Luk 1:4 That thou mightest know the certainty of those things, wherein thou hast been instructed.
Act 1:1 The former treatise have I made, O Theophilus, of all that Jesus began both to do and teach,
Act 1:2 Until the day in which he was taken up, after that he through the Holy Ghost had given commandments unto the apostles whom he had chosen:
2Th 2:1 Now we beseech you, brethren, by the coming of our Lord Jesus Christ, and by our gathering together unto him,
2Th 2:2 That ye be not soon shaken in mind, or be troubled, neither by spirit, nor by word, nor by letter as from us, as that the day of Christ is at hand.
Heb 13:24 Salute all them that have the rule over you, and all the saints. They of Italy salute you.
Heb 13:25 Grace be with you all. Amen. Written to the Hebrews from Italy, by Timothy.
Rev 22:18 For I testify unto every man that heareth the words of the prophecy of this book, If any man shall add unto these things, God shall add unto him the plagues that are written in this book:
Rev 22:19 And if any man shall take away from the words of the book of this prophecy, God shall take away his part out of the book of life, and out of the holy city, and from the things which are written in this book.
(Admonition against editing or emending not only the Apocalypse, but all of The God's previously and progressively written Word, the warning to be immediately recopied and circulated to all the Christian ekklaysiai)
***********
Further note that at least one of the gospels, and most of the general and pastoral epistles were circulated before the original Eleven (plus Paul = the Twelfth taught personally by Christ) died.
The above defense of the scripture, by the Scripture, and for the Scripture makes your claim that of a sort of dunce, doesn't it? You've been caught with your hand in the till. Give it up, eh?
Do we now have your attention?
There WAS Scripture...
Ah, let me correct you gently with a brotherly love: all the authors of whom you are speaking are saints--hagioi--truly deserving the title, along with you and I and every believer saved by The God through complete, persistent, irreversible, and eternal trust in Yeshua Ha'Messiach/Iesous Christos/Jesus the Christ, our Lord and Master -- I, Saint imardmd1, say this to you, Saint GeronL.
With deep respect -- no /s at all.
So when Paul wrote to the Thessalonians that he was writing the epistle in his own hand, that was not actually written until 200-300 years later?
That's amazing! NOTHIHG other. So all those statements about writings mean that all the Psalms, etc, Acts and the epistles and Revelation were passed down orally for who knows how long before Paul, Peter, John etc. wrote them!
And since the wheat came out of the ground, both are equal. But it will not work with chaff!
Jesus never commanded a Bible. Not once.
If Jesus (actually God in the Person of the Holy Spirit) never "commanded" that the Bible be written, and the Roman Catholic Church did it anyway, then we have all the more reason to accept that the Roman Catholic Church is more heretical than we ever suspected.
Logic
Common sense.
Jesus never prohibited the creation of the Bible either.
Lets not play word games.
I think most reasonable people know that I was talking about the New Testament.
Yes, the New Testament absolutely was an oral tradition.
Even when written documents of Paul were available, the vast majority of Christians, for Centuries, never read those documents or copies of those documents.
Many were not able to read.
More to the point, there were not enough copies for everyone to read.
They were read to, from the copies, or the copies were memorized and the Word was transmitted ORALLY!
I just wrote: “Elsie doesn’t get it” on the back of an envelop.
I just posted that fact here on FR.
2000 years from NOW, would it be accurate to say:
Every American knows that I wrote that?
Every Conservative knows that I wrote that?
Every FR member knows that I wrote that?
Scripture was priceless, rare, and FEW Christians ever actually saw or read Scripture in the Early Church.
Notice that when Jesus is speaking, in all the MANY quotations you bring forth, Jesus is NEVER actually points to Scripture from the Old Testament. He is NOT carrying any “Bible” with him, or any Jewish Scripture with Him, is he?
Because it was RARE, and EXPENSIVE and GUARDED!
Then your house of cards has come collapsing down.
Scripture was not written by drunken monks. It was inspired by God and agreed upon before Rome ever touched it.
The books that make the canon were agreed upon by all of the churches as they were widely circulated and read through Christendom, before Rome, Inc coalesced into a identifiable organism.
And since the card has been played on this thread, yes Luther gave credit to Rome for maintaining, not creating Scripture. But to him that was all the more reason for Rome to be condemned. They had God's word and became so corrupt through perverse doctrine that they certainly would come under judgement. That is the context of Luther's quote.
The “Church” as presented here is not of Yeshua, but of Satan.
Yeshua created no human corporation of Nicolaitans, he simply declared that his congregation would be founded upon himself, the Rock of ages.
Save your nicolaitan promotions for the synagogue of Satan where they belong.
Jimmy Swaggert? Really?
Read the word, not websites, they’re a waste of time.
>> “Scripture was priceless, rare, and FEW Christians ever actually saw or read Scripture in the Early Church” <<
.
That’s the kind of complete nonsense that I expect from catholics.
The early believers were all well read in the scriptures; they were Jews and the dispersed Northern Israel, who had lived in the scriptures for centuries as a people.
They had the Tanakh scrolls in their synagogues, and they were read “every Sabbath day” as James was quoted in Acts 15. Have you ever read Acts 15?
Yeshua quoted nothing but the scriptures, verbatim, every time he spoke, usually prefacing those words with “It is written.” He had no need to carry those scriptures with him because he wrote them at the beginning of time.
They were not rare in Judea nor Samaria; they were ubiquitous in every synagogue they visited.
Well done!
You need to hear a “good ole boy” former pentacostal that finally “saw the light” and became a Catholic. LOL.
TIM STAPLES.
I prefer to hear real believers, not the lost and deceived pretenders.
BLAH, BLAH, BLAH, BITTA BOOM, BITTA BANG.
This is the Religion Forum, not the tweenage playroom.
Then start respecting other faiths. Now that’s a start for any protestant.
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