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Montana Minister visits Kosovo says Media (and Clinton)lie - Interview from 1998
Center for Peace in the Balkans ^ | Nov. 23, 1998 | Bill Dorich

Posted on 03/30/2002 2:37:53 AM PST by vooch

www.balkanpeace.org










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Phoney Refugee Camps Found in Kosovo

By William Dorich

Note: Rev. Bigler made numerous attempts to meet with Albanian officials in Kosovo but Albanians thwarted these attempts. He took video footage of his entire visit and numerous photographs.

November 23, 1998-The week before NATO was prepared to bomb the Kosovo Serbs, I had a lengthy conversation with Rev. Robert Bigler, a pastor of the First Presbyterian church of Butte, Montana. He had read some of my recent articles about Kosovo including my attack against Pastor Craig Barnes, National President of the Presbyterian Church who used their Washington DC cathedral for a Bosnian Task Force Symposium on December 6th, 1997, in which Serbs were ostracized and vilified from inside the sanctuary of this Christian church. That presentation was nationally televised on C-Span. "The truth," said Rev. Bigler, "seems to be going down a black hole-just like it did in Vietnam."

At the beginning of my interview, Pastor Bigler said he wanted to clear the air that he did not go to Kosovo in the interest of the Serbian people of Butte or for any side. "Besides, Bigler added, I am the interim pastor of the First Presbyterian Church in Butte, I am from Idaho Falls, Idaho, and I have only been in Butte since February 9th of this year-I barely know these Butte people.

Rev. Bigler is a former Army chaplain and medical specialist who served this country in Vietnam. He is no stranger to warfare and its victims, nor is he distracted by those who manipulate the facts in war to serve a political agenda. "For the sake of the integrity of my own church, I went to Kosovo to investigate the truth personally. I stopped relying on the nightly news and the media driven version of Kosovo, remember, I had firsthand experience in Vietnam, and when I read about some of the battles I witnessed with my own eyes, the news accounts were pure fiction, why should Bosnia or Kosovo be any different?"

I told Rev. Bigler that I, too, was interested in what he discovered in Kosovo, regardless if it went against my belief system and the Serbs whom I have defended for several years. I assured him that regardless of his findings, I would print his story in the American Srbobran. I am not happy that the news he brings back from Kosovo confirms my worst fears, that this is a Jihad, a religious war to create a Muslim state in Europe, regardless of how small, or at what human sacrifice.

I was granted this interview, three weeks after Rev. Bigler returned from Kosovo. I discovered an all together different Presbyterian minister than the one I had previously spoken with a month earlier. He had become a man with a cause who discovered the truth and was then victimized by the news media as we Serbs have been victimized for the past 6 years. He now refused to let the media mock what he knows to be the truth. His own local newspaper, The Montana Standard, conducted a two hour interview, promising the pastor front page headlines and a truthful presentation of what he had discovered in the Balkans. However, the article was postponed for two weeks, obviously until after the public interest in the Kosovo story had diminish and disappeared from the front pages of America's newspapers. The article written by Lorie Hutson, was an opinion piece about Kosovo peppered with enough of Bigler's remarks that it could technically qualify as an interview.

Q: What was your initial impression of Kosovo?
A: "I saw people in the fields harvesting their fall crops. I did not see refugees, homeless people, starving children, or wounded victims, the usual human suffering associated with war. Instead, I witnessed a building boom unseen in Idaho or Montana in 4 decades. This Kosovo building boom was not a few hundred Albanian homes being rebuilt because of war, these were thousands of expensive houses unseen in this part of the world. Homes costing $125,000 to $150,000 to build in what the world is being told is the poorest region of Europe and the poorest in the Balkans mocked the truth of what is really going on in Kosovo. It struck me of how successfully the American public has been hoodwinked by the media and special interest groups."

Bigler went on to disclose, "All of these structures were Albanian in architecture with high walls surrounding them-not out in the open like the houses of the Serbs and other ethnic minorities in Kosovo. In Pristina, a city of about 400,000, nearly all of the apartments in the 10-12 story range had satellite dishes pointing toward Albania. Where is the money coming for all of this I asked myself?"

Bigler also discovered another revelation, "By contrast, I did not find any building whatsoever taking place in the Serbian areas I had passed through or visited. In fact, Richard Holbrooke was staying at the Hyatt Hotel in Belgrade. Nearby the Hyatt are four unfinished hotels contemplated to be as large as the Hyatt, stopped in mid-construction by American sponsored sanctions, unemployment in Serbia is rampant with nearly 75% of the population out of work. How in God's name do you create peace under such deplorable conditions?"

What Rev. Bigler discovered is that the money for this building boom in Kosovo is coming from illegal activities-gun running, drugs, prostitution and the sale of arsenals stolen from the Albanian government last year, being resold to Albanian terrorists. Rev. Bigler also discovered that the 3% tax imposed by the illegal (shadow) government of Kosovo headquartered in Ulm, Germany, was no state secret. Those same Albanians in Kosovo refuse to pay their share of taxes to the Serbian government of whose nation they are citizens.

Q: Could you confirm the alleged oppression of Albanians by the Serbian government?
A: "What oppression? Serbian state owned printing companies print Albanian language, newspapers, who is oppressing whom?" ... "I heard numerous radio stations in the Albanian language the week I was in Kosovo. Some of the hostile language that I heard directed at Serbs indicates that free speech is also alive and well in Kosovo. I saw Albanian children going to school and being instructed in their own Albanian language. People were dressed in clean clothes and were freshly bathed. The Serbs and Albanians with whom I spoke seemed to be equally concerned about the safety and welfare of their neighbors-I wondered aloud why Americans are being fed a daily diet of disinformation about Kosovo and why?"

Q: Did you read the Albanian newspapers in Kosovo?
A: "Indeed, and in one of those articles the week I was there, it openly stated the Albanian plan for a Jihad, (holy war) to take Bosnia, Kosovo, Macedonia and then finally northern Greece. I was particularly surprised that one of those Albanian newspapers had a weather map openly entitled 'Greater Albania.' The map encompassed Kosovo territory. I thought to myself, imagine how Serbs, Greeks and Macedonian citizens of Kosovo must feel when their Albanian neighbors are so blatantly open about creating a 'Greater Albania.' I remembered how the Serbs were demonized in the international press for allegedly harboring thoughts of a 'Greater Serbia' as the cause of the Bosnian war and I saw for myself why the Serbs are so outraged at our American double standards."

Q: Could you confirm that Albanians represent 1.8 million in Kosovo?
A: "This is an arrogant media deception. The gypsy population is as apparent in Kosovo as is the Albanian. There were far more Greeks, Macedonian and Turkish people than I expected, I remembered it made an impression on me. After all, I went to Kosovo believing that Albanians are 90% of the population. That simply is not true. Coming from such small cities as Idaho Falls or Butte I did not get a sense that there were 2 million people in Kosovo as Americans have been led to believe. I kept asking myself, why the distortions? Pristina seemed no more populated than down town Butte on a busy Saturday. I am curious why the facts are withheld from the American taxpayers, why our officials never mention these details and why the media continues to omit these facts from every article?"

Q: Did you stop people at random and speak with them?
A: "Yes, and what I discovered was that both Serbs and Albanians knew exactly what was going on. My reaction was that these people are not as oppressed and frightened by the Belgrade government, as they are of Albanian terrorists. I asked several people what they thought of President Clinton, a number of them replied, 'the best president money can buy, and it's no different in Belgrade, Zagreb or Sarajevo.'"

Q: Are the Serbs in Kosovo suffering in this war?
A: "Yes, they are the silent victims that the international community simply ignores. I was surprised to see many Serbian homes selectively burned. I asked why only Serbian houses were burned in some of these villages and I was told, 'Albanian terrorists burned out Serb families to provoke a Serb military response.' It was not until the Serbian army came to these villages and began ridding them of Albanian terrorists that CNN found these events newsworthy."

Q: Did the Serbian government give you complete access to the people of Kosovo?
A: "Absolutely, they also provided me with six body guards and two cars and told me I could go wherever I wished, talk with whomever I wanted and to ask people any questions I felt compelled to ask. I believe I am astute enough to know when things are being staged for me, or not, and there was no attempt to do that whatsoever. I had the same kind of protection in Zurich, Switzerland where the Counsel General supplied me with body guards. With the large illegal Albanian population in that city he was concerned for my safety, too."

Q: Tell me about the phoney refugee camps.
A: "While in Pristina, I spoke to several foreign journalists staying at the Grand Hotel who told me that refugee camps were being staged for the media, especially for CNN cameras. Several of the journalists confirmed that on numerous occasions, they actually saw villagers being brought into the forest where these fictitious refugee camps were set up. Once the photographs and interviews were over the villagers went back to their homes. I was told by Serbian army officials that helicopter units had photographed villagers going in and out of the forest for television interviews. This leads me to believe that several foreign journalists were accomplices to this fraud as many of them have been in Kosovo for weeks at a time."

Q: Was there an apparent shortage of food?
A: "No, in fact, food was everywhere. In Pristina I met with international humanitarian aid workers who shared with me their lists of recipients. The vast majority of names on these lists were Albanian names. According to these aid workers and Ms. Anka Knezevic from a Serbian humanitarian organization, nearly half of the food going into Kosovo to help Albanians was provided by the Serbian government, a fact that is never disclosed in the international press. So if we are to believe the stories about ethnic cleansing in Kosovo we are no doubt manipulated into believing that the Serbian government is both the 'aggressor' and the hand of mercy. An absurd concept considering the brutality of Balkan wars in this century. Bosnia and Kosovo were no exceptions."

Q: We hear about the KLA walking around with weapons, what can you tell us about this?
A: "Weapons are everywhere, you can buy a hand grenade for the equivalent of 60 cents. Kalashnikov rifles for $80 dollars and anti-tank rocket launchers for a few hundred dollars. This very weekend Reuter has reported 3 Serb police and their car were attacked with a rocket launcher in Kosovo. Interesting isn't it, how silent Gen. Wesley Clarke has been? I also saw autopsy reports of how non-Albanians were killed. Many were killed with German and American-made weapons. I was told by foreign journalists that mercenaries in Pristina were from such countries as Pakistan, Malaysia, Bangladesh and Turkey, it is obvious that Kosovo has been internationalized as an Islamic crusade."

Q: Did you feel safe? A: "The only time I was scared was when my driver took me from the Serbian Monastery of Pec to Pristina. We drove over 100 miles per hour. Keep in mind these are not Montana highways as you and I know them. The reason given was that it is much more difficult for snipers to get a good shot when you are traveling at such a high rate of speed. Notice that none of the media stories dwell on the number of Serb and Albanian victims that were killed by snipers."

Q: I understand that you were on Belgrade television?
A: "Yes, several times. People stopped me in the street to thank me for coming and for doing independent investigations. They were grateful that I was a Christian minister. On one occasion, we were having dinner with a group of humanitarian aid workers and the owner of the Serbian restaurant recognized me from the television interviews and refused to present my table with a final bill, it was his way of thanking me. I found the Serbian people to be warm and loving, just as I have found them in Butte. Much to my surprise, they were not as bitter toward Americans as I expected, however they were quite vocal at how their allies in two world wars have again betrayed them just as they betrayed them to communism fifty years ago. They are insulted that the international media has succeeded in demonizing all Serbs for the alleged crimes of a few."

Q: Did you meet with the Serbian Patriarch?
A: "Yes, and what a rich experience. He reminded me that 'Abel had a right to defend himself against Kane.' He also reminded me that the Serbian people have a right to defend their nation against terrorists. He is dismayed that the diplomatic community has ignored and isolated the Serbian Orthodox church, much like Tito did under communism. He does not understand why the major powers have failed to include him in important decisions when the Pope has been given ample access to express his views on Balkan matters. I also discovered that Patriarch Paul led the first and many demonstrations through the streets of Belgrade to protest against the Milosevich government. He also reminded me that in 1989 when he was the Bishop of Kosovo, he was a victim of a beating by Albanian youths."

Q: Who in the Serbian government did you meet?
A: "On my arrival on October 8th, I had a meeting with the Director of the Public Relations Department of the MFA, Mr. Rade Drobac. That same day I met with the Minister for Foreign Affairs of the Fr. of Yugoslavia, Zivadin Jovanovic. Later that day I met with a high-ranking officer of the Yugoslav Army, Col. Milan Petkovic. The following day I met with Counselor and Head of the Cabinet of the Minister for Religious Affairs of the Republic of Serbia, Mr. Dragan Novakovic and Minister of Religions, Milovan Radovanovic. Later that morning I met with Dr. Milorad Ekmedzic, academician and professor of history. This was prior to my departure to Kosovo. While in Pristina I also met with Radovan Urosevic, director of the Pristina Media Center at the Grand Hotel."

When I arrived in Kosovo I had a meeting with high governmental officials in the Serbian province of Kosovo and Metohija, Zoran Andjelovic, President of the Provisional Executive Council of Kosovo and members of the provincial council which consisted of two Albanians and one Turkish representative, I apologize for not remembering their names, most of the people I met gave me business cards. I also had meetings with Veljko Odalovic, head of the district of Kosovo and Metohija and Bosko Drobnjak, Provincial Information Secretary. On my return to Belgrade I met with Dr. Miroljub Jeftic, eminent expert in the field of Islam at the faculty of Political Sciences followed by a meeting with the Minister for National Minority Affairs of the Republic of Serbia, Mr. Ivan Sedlak. I also met with Tatjana Lenard, Chief Editor for Foreign Affairs for Radio/Television, Serbia, Belgrade.

An interesting side note, on my return to Butte from Kosovo I was greeted with a telephone call from the Lasiewicz Foundation of Los Angeles who then sent me 17 pages on my fax machine in an attempt to convince me that what I saw with my own eyes in Kosovo was a mirage and therefore I was encouraged to believe her propaganda. Thank you, Mr. Dorich, for informing me that she has never been to Bosnia or Kosovo and that what little humanitarian aid her foundation gave to Bosnian victims went only to non-Serbs. I believe I sensed that from her need to belittle Serbs in our conversation. I have now come to realize that the forces of Islam and the enormous resources being spent in media manipulation is behind this farce to rob the Serbian nation and her people of what is rightfully theirs."

Q: Did you meet with any foreign diplomats?
A: "Yes, and one of the most impressive was a high-ranking official from India. He told me 'there are one billion Indians and 2 billion Chinese which accounts for two-thirds of the world's population, and that all of them, plus the Russians, are totally against what NATO and the major powers are doing in Serbia.' I asked this high ranking diplomat, who I am sure would not appreciate being identified, if India would respond to a bombing of Serbia, he said, 'you can count on it.!'"

Q: Now that you have been to Kosovo what do you think is behind this NATO driven policy?
A: "What I discovered on this trip was that the coal reserves in the Kosovo region are considered one of the largest in Europe. Recent findings indicate that the oil reserves under Kosovo could be potentially as big as those in the Caspian Sea. This does not include the other minerals that permeate this region, estimated at some $3 trillion. I am convinced that multi-national corporations in a marriage with the military are behind this drive to totally destroy the Serbian nation, even if it means violating the Helsinki Accords on the sovereignty of Serbia. Richard Holbrooke last week boasted on international television that NATO was victorious over Kosovo proving NATO's superiority over the sovereignty of nations when the allies' interest is at stake. Even Gen. Wesley Clarke recently said, 'Serbian sovereignty be damned" indicating what little respect we have for the international treaties we sign in our quest for what we openly redefine as our interest. Such arrogance will surely lead us into another World War.

In my opinion, we seem determined to decided for the Serbian people who is qualified to run their government, then shove that decision down their throats. After we have succeeded in destroying their economy we now offer them IMF loans as the carrot at the end of our stick, knowing full well the Serbian people are no longer capable of repaying such loans in this life time or the next. Then, like we are currently doing in Brazil, we will ride in on our white horse and help them survive by buying as many of their national assets as we can get our hands on ... at 20 cents on the dollar, of course. This is truly the tail wagging the dog in our foreign policy. We have allowed the media and special interest groups to distort the truth and to portray the Serbian people as Nazis in order to steal their natural resources. I do not support the Milosevich regime, but, I am totally against achieving political goals by starving a nation of people into submission while denying them medicine and food. That, Mr. Dorich, is genocide by sanctions, and it's just as ugly as anything that was done in this war.

The Serbian government has nearly a billion dollars in frozen assets outside of their country, $600 million in the United States. My goal is to unfreeze these assets and allow the people of Serbia the human dignity of proper medical care. Before this war, Yugoslavia ranked 3rd in medical care in Europe, today they rank at the level of a 3rd world country. Serbian children have died from a simple lack of antibiotics while our elected officials preached self-determination and democracy. For the last seven years, 95% of the Serbian people have received no medical care whatsoever.

As a medical specialist, I can assure you that the Serbian people suffer from the same percentage per capita of cancer, heart disease and diabetes in their population as the population in the United States. Withholding medicine and medical care from this population for seven years has increased the rate of death from these diseases in Serbia by as much as 20%. Those who have died have suffered inconceivable deaths without traditional pain-killing drugs. This is inhuman, unacceptable and damned unchristian.

Serbian children have already been doomed to a shortened life span that may not be reversible. It is therefore my goal to organize humanitarian aid through the Presbyterian church and through other organizations to distribute aid directly into Belgrade if I have to fly the airplanes myself. I was told by numerous people in the medical system in Serbia that the limited assistance that was attempted to reach the Serbian people during the Bosnian war was pilfered at Serbia's borders by Serbia's neighbors as the United Nations and world looked away. As a Christian minister I refuse to allow people to become complacent or silence, or worse, to seek vengeance believing that Serbs deserve this kind of punishment. No society, especially the American society, can subvert our dedication to human rights by a willful lack of conscience."

Note: Rev. Bigler made numerous attempts to meet with Albanian officials in Kosovo but Albanians thwarted these attempts. He took video footage of his entire visit and numerous photographs.




TOPICS: Crime/Corruption; Foreign Affairs
KEYWORDS: balkans; clinton; islamicviolence; kosovo; teachereducation
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To: vooch
I don't think that it made much difference (re. explaining), but always worth trying. If s/he thinks that (a) I am 'rabid' (b) a defender of 'genocide' and (c) that women breaking national laws in direct suffragette action 100 years ago is comparable to the world's most powerful military alliance terrorising civilians in a non-threatening country... it sort of signifies that you're bashing your head against a brick wall.
81 posted on 04/02/2002 7:48:31 AM PST by Kate22
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To: Kate22
Thanks for #73. It would take me an hour to write something like that. We haven't had anybody that interesting since Fusion appeared on the FR.
82 posted on 04/02/2002 7:54:14 AM PST by Leonora
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To: Kate22
Thanks for taking the time to try to educate someone who refuses to be educated. Still, your very informative post and the subsequent drivel in reply serves to remind us how deeply some people have been brainwashed by the mainstream press and the psy-ops operators such as the two Jamies - Shea and Rubin.
83 posted on 04/02/2002 9:15:13 AM PST by JMS
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To: Kate22
Psst -- Lest I get a reputation as a mad Fenian let me just state that any Anglophobic-sounding comments posted under the nom de Freep "Gael" are for rhetorical purposes only and do not necessarily represent the views of our sponsor. It's just that, sometimes, Col. Blimps make such inviting targets and who am I to say "no" to temptation.

Overdue thanks for posting those OSCE observer comments on the other thread. There were a number that I had not seen before.

84 posted on 04/02/2002 9:29:29 AM PST by Gael
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To: Gael
Hehe - I don't mind, honest. The smug 'we are superior and need to teach the world a thing or two' bunch rile me as well. It always seems worse in a British accent when purred 'a la Pantsdown' than in an American accent, but it's pretty insipid whoever spouts it.
85 posted on 04/02/2002 11:08:26 AM PST by Kate22
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To: Kate22
Very very nice.
86 posted on 04/02/2002 3:12:45 PM PST by getoffmylawn
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To: vooch
Bill Clintoon and Madeline Nobright have blood on their hands.
87 posted on 04/02/2002 3:14:59 PM PST by Saundra Duffy
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To: Kate22;vooch;gael;great dane;leonora;JMS;getoffmylawn;saundraduffy
Go to the international war crimes tribinal site, read the indictments, read the guilty pleas, read the judgements.

Indictments and proceedings

People like you are resposible for the deaths, torture, and rape of many, you who chose to turn a blind eye, to wash your hands, just as those who ignored and denied the holocaust.

You are responsible because you did nothing and encouraged others to do nothing.

88 posted on 04/02/2002 7:22:48 PM PST by ABrit
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To: Kate22;vooch;gael;great dane;leonora;JMS;getoffmylawn;saundraduffy
Lest we forget

GENEVA (CNN) -- The U.N. refugee agency said Friday the mass exodus of ethnic Albanian refugees from Kosovo has reached "nightmare proportions," as thousands of people kept crossing into Albania, Macedonia and the Yugoslav province of Montenegro.

"The situation is absolutely dramatic, it's reaching nightmare proportions," said Judith Kumin, spokeswoman of the U.N. High Commissioner for Refugees.

The UNHCR estimated that, over the past 10 days, more than 220,000 people have fled or have been expelled from the Serb province.

Thousands of refugees were transported to the Macedonian border by train or were put aboard buses and driven close to the Albanian border and then made to walk.

Some refugees told CNN correspondents they had been walking for days, with no possessions except what they could carry with them or put on a tractor-pulled carts.

The European Union's humanitarian affairs commissioner Emma Bonino, who visited the region to coordinate aid efforts, expressed shock at the "mass deportations."

"We are faced with mass deportations. These pictures of trains arriving...they are pictures straight out of 'Schindler's List'," she told a news conference in Brussels Wednesday.

Bonino also said that, "all the witness reports we do receive suggest that there are massacres going on, that people are being eliminated, that there is ethnic cleansing going on."

Yugoslav government denies massacres

The Yugoslav government of President Slobodan Milosevic has denied these allegations, saying the ethnic Albanian refugees are fleeing the fighting between government troops and the Kosovo Liberation Army, or are killed in cross fire.

According to the UNHCR, at least 120,000 refugees have fled to Albania, 70,000 to Macedonia and 31,000 to Montenegro.

refugees
Thousands of refugees have fled to Macedonia  

The Albanian government on Friday described the situation at the main border crossing of Morina and the main reception center in Kukes as dramatic.

"In Kukes district, the situation has become absolutely critical," Information Minister Musa Ulqini said on television.

"During the night and up to now, the influx of Albanians in need of help arriving from Kosovo has been extraordinary. The situation is rapidly getting worse," Ulqini said.

Prime Minister Pandeli Majko is in contact with other countries, urging that a relief operation launched several days ago be accelerated.

Albania, Macedonia and Montenegro are among the poorest regions in Europe and have all repeatedly appealed for international aid.

CNN Correspondent Chris Burns reported Friday that thousands more refugees had crossed the border at the Morina crossing in the past hours.

Passports reportedly burned

Just across the border, blue smoke from a fire could be seen. Refugees said that this fire was the Serb authorities burning passports and identity documents that had been confiscated from ethnic Albanian refugees.

One refugee told CNN he was forced to leave his two sons behind, and a woman said she saw her sons shot and killed by Yugoslav troops.

The UNHCR said two women and two children died on arrival at another crossing point into Albania. The organization said the deaths were likely caused by exhaustion and exposure.

At Morina, nuns were handing loaves of bread to the refugees as they came across the crossing point.

The UNHCR said it and other aid agencies were distributing blankets, bread, water and juice to the masses at the Macedonian border during the night.

Thousands of refugee gathered in the Macedonian village of Blace, next to the border post, waiting for help, trying to understand what had happened to them, and where to go from here.

A total of seven trains have arrived in Blace from the Kosovo capital of Pristina in the past days, according to the UNHCR. It said one train was made up of 30 cars, packed with thousands of people who were made to walk the last few miles across the border.

While international aid is being flown in from all over the world, aid operations and their coordination will be further addressed at two international meetings involving several European nations and all major humanitarian aid organizations next week.

89 posted on 04/02/2002 8:54:08 PM PST by ABrit
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To: ABrit
I see, because we don't agree with you we're all guilty of rape and torture. As we can see from the Milosevic trial witnesses come forward with statements to the effect that "well, everyone knows..." or "I didn't see it myself but I was told..." type statements. There's a famous saying in New York, another site of Muslim terrorism, that a prosecutor can indict a ham sandwich. The fact that your precious international court issues sealed indictments and has standards of evidence and procedures so far from English Common Law, much less American standards of jurisprudence shows that you have no interest in justice. Rather, you're merely trying to blindly support what you've heard in the media without engaging in any critical thinking.

As for your statements regarding Draza Mihailovic and Yugoslavia as a communist country I would recommend a book called "The Rape of Serbia: The British Role in Tito's Grab for Power 1943-1944" by Michael Lees, a British Special Forces Officer who served in the Balkans during WWII. I would also suggest you view "Yugoslavia, the Avoidable War" for an objective look at the propaganda war against Yugoslavia that led to a drastic escalation of the breakup of Yugoslavia.

You have previously mentioned that the constituent republics of Yugoslavia voted to secede and therefore since this is what they wanted they were justified in simply breaking away. It's very interesting that you don't say anything about Serbs having the same rights in Bosnia-Hercegovina and Croatia where Serbs who are still alive have experienced genocide being practiced against them. If you had done a bit of research you would find that the Yugoslav constitution had provisions for secession but rather than follow them Croatia and Slovenia unilateraly declared independence, assured of Germany's support. Not only would Serbs in Croatia and later Bosnia-Hercegovina be cut off from Yugoslavia with no say in the matter, Yugoslavia, consisting of only Serbia and Montenegro, as B-H and Macedonia seceded, would have been stuck with the debts of ALL the constituent republics.

You can continue to insist on presenting the comic book view of history but you'll have to present something more credible than international court indictments.

90 posted on 04/02/2002 9:10:29 PM PST by JMS
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To: ABrit
CNN has thoroughly been discredited as a source. You may recall that some of their "interns" were US military psy-ops personnel. Also, their chief foreign correspondent, Christiane Amanpour is married to Jamie Rubin a close friend of Hashim Thaci who bragged that he was in daily contact with Thaci throughout the bombing of Yugoslavia. Regarding people fleeing a war zone, you might want to ask yourself why many Albanians also fled to Serbia and why there were no incidents of Serbs rounding up ethnic Albanians in Belgrade. Don't you think it's at all possible that people were leaving Kosovo because NATO was bombing it?
91 posted on 04/02/2002 9:16:16 PM PST by JMS
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To: JMS
You haven't read any of the records of the decided cases, have you? I suppose you don't want to know the awfull truth.

This court is run by the United Nations, and is as impartial as you will get in this world. ICTY Key Figures  

General information
Update: 15 March 2002 Not an official document
ORIGIN:
The International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY) was established by Security Council resolution 827. This resolution was passed on 25 May 1993 in the face of the serious violations of international humanitarian law committed in the territory of the former Yugoslavia since 1991, and as a response to the threat to international peace and security posed by those serious violations.
SEAT:
The ICTY is located in The Hague, The Netherlands.
OBJECTIVES:
In harmony with the purpose of its founding resolution, the ICTY's mission is fourfold:
to bring to justice persons allegedly responsible for violations of international humanitarian law
to render justice to the victims
to deter further crimes
to contribute to the restoration of peace by promoting reconciliation in the former Yugoslavia.
JURISDICTION:
1. Subject-matter : 
The Tribunal’s authority is to prosecute and try four clusters of offences:

Grave breaches of the 1949 Geneva Conventions.
Violations of the laws or customs of war.
Genocide.
Crimes against humanity.

2. Geographic and Temporal
Any of the crimes as above listed, committed on the territory of the former Yugoslavia since 1991.

3. Personal : 
Only over natural persons and not over organisations, political parties, administrative entities or other legal subjects.

Vis-à-vis national courts
The ICTY and national courts have concurrent jurisdiction over serious violations of international humanitarian law committed in the former Yugoslavia. However, the ICTY can claim primacy over national courts, and may take over national investigations and proceedings at any stage if this proves to be in the interest of international justice.

CHAMBERS:
The Chambers consist of 16 permanent judges and a maximum at any one time of nine ad litem judges.

The 16 permanent judges are elected by the General Assembly of the United Nations for a term of four years. They can be re-elected.

The ad litem judges are drawn from a pool of 27 judges. They are also elected by the General Assembly of the United Nations for a term of four years, but they are not eligible for re-election. An ad litem judge can only serve at the ICTY following his/her appointment by the Secretary-General on the recommendation of the President of the Tribunal in order to sit on one or several specific trials for a period of up to three years.

The judges are divided between three Trial Chambers and one Appeals Chamber. Each Trial Chamber consists of three permanent judges and a maximum, at any one time, of six ad litem judges. A Trial Chamber may be divided into mixed sections of three judges (one permanent and two ad litem, or two permanent and one ad litem). Each Trial Chamber can be comprised of up to three sections. The Appeals Chamber consists of seven permanent judges: five from the permanent judges of the ICTY, and two from the 11 permanent judges of the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda (ICTR). These seven judges also constitute the Appeals Chamber of the ICTR. Each appeal is heard and decided by five judges.

The judges represent the main legal systems in the world and bring to the Tribunal a variety of legal expertise. The judges hear testimony and legal arguments, decide on the innocence or the guilt of the accused and pass sentence.

The permanent judges also have important regulatory functions: they draft and adopt the legal instruments regulating the functioning of the ICTY, such as the Rules of Procedure and Evidence.

President: Claude Jorda (France)
Vice-President: Mohamed Shahabuddeen (Guyana)

Presiding Judges:
Richard George May (United Kingdom)
Wolfgang Schomburg (Germany)
Liu Daqun (China)

Judges:
Florence Ndepele Mwachande Mumba (Zambia)
David Anthony Hunt (Australia) 
Patrick Lipton Robinson (Jamaica)
Mehmet Güney (Turkey)
Asoka de Zoysa Gunawardana (Sri Lanka)
Fausto Pocar (Italy)
Theodor Meron (United States of America)
Amin El Mahdi (Egypt)
Carmel A.Agius (Malta)
Alphonsus Martinus Maria Orie (Netherlands)
O-gon Kwon (Korea)

Ad Litem Judges:
Amarjeet Singh (Singapore)
Maureen Harding Clark (Ireland)
Ivana Janu (Czech Republic)
Chikako Taya (Japan)
Fatoumata Diarra (Mali)
Sharon A. Williams (Canada)
Rafael Nieto-Navia (Colombia)

(Please note that pursuant to Rule 27(C) of the Rules of Procedure and Evidence, the President may at any time temporarily assign a member of a Trial Chamber to another Chamber.) 
ASSIGNMENT OF CHAMBERS:
JUDGES
CASES
Trial Chamber I
Liu Daqun (Presiding)
Amin El Mahdi
Alphons Orie
Rahim ADEMI (IT-01-46)
Pavle STRUGAR and Miodrag JOKIC (IT-01-42)
Pasko LJUBICIC (IT-00-41)
Section A 
Liu Daqun (Presiding)
Maureen Harding Clark
Fatoumata Diarra
Mladen NALETILIC and Vinko MARTINOVIC (IT-98-34)
Section B 
Alphons Orie (Presiding)
Amin El Mahdi
Rafael Nieto-Navia
Stanislav GALIC (IT-98-29):
Trial Chamber II
For all new cases
Wolfgang Schomburg (Presiding)
Florence Mumba
Carmel A. Agius (also pre-trial judge)
Dragan NIKOLIC (IT-94-2)
Vidoje BLAGOJEVIC, Dragan OBRENOVIC and Dragan JOKIC (IT-02-53)
Enver HADZIHASANOVIC, Mehmed ALAGIC and Amir KUBURA (IT-01-47)
Radoslav BRDANIN and Milomir TALIC (IT-99-36)
Milomir STAKIC (IT-97-24) Transfer from Trial Chamber I to Trial Chamber II
  David Hunt(Presiding)
Florence Mumba
Liu Daqun
Milorad Krnojelac (IT-97-25)
Section A 
David Hunt(Presiding)
Ivana Janu
Chikako Taya

Carmel A. Agius(Presiding)
Ivana Janu
Chikako Taya

Mitar Vasiljevic (IT-98-32)
 
 

Radoslav BRDJANIN and Milomir TALIC (IT-99-36)

Section B 
Florence Mumba(Presiding)
Amarjeet Singh
Sharon Williams
Blagoje Simic, Milan Simic, Miroslav Tadic, Simo Zaric (IT-95-9)
Trial Chamber III
For all new cases
Richard May(Presiding)
Patrick Robinson
O-Gon Kwon
Nenad BANOVIC and Predrag BANOVIC (IT-95-8/1)
Slobodan MILOSEVIC ("Kosovo", "Croatia" and "Bosnia") (IT-02-54)
Momcilo KRAJISNIK and Biljana PLAVSIC (IT-00-39 & 40)
Sefer HALILOVIC (IT-01-48)
 
Appeals Chamber

Claude Jorda (Presiding)
Mohamed Shahabuddeen
David Hunt
Mehmet Güney
Asoko de Zoysa Gunawardana
Fausto Pocar
Theodor Meron

Claude Jorda (Presiding)
Mohamed Shahabuddeen
Mehmet Güney
Wolfgang Schomburg
Theodor Meron
Dragoljub KUNARAC, Radomir KOVAC and Zoran VUKOVIC (IT-96-23 & 23/1-A)
David Hunt (Presiding)
Mehmet Güney
Asoka de Zoysa Gunawardana
Fausto Pocar
Theodor Meron
Tihomir BLASKIC (IT-95-14-A)
Dario KORDIC and Mario CERKEZ (IT-95-14/2-A)
David Hunt (Presiding)
Mohamed Shahabuddeen
Mehmet Güney
Asoka de Zoysa Gunawardana
Fausto Pocar
Radislav KRSTIC (IT-98-33-A)
Claude Jorda (Presiding)
Mehmet Güney
Asoka de Zoysa Gunawardana
Fausto Pocar
Liu Daqun 
Dusko Tadic (IT-94-1-R)
Mohamed Shahabuddeen (Presiding)
David Hunt
Mehmet Güney
Asoka de Zoysa Gunawardana
Theodor Meron
Miroslav KVOCKA, Milojica KOS, Mladjo RADIC, Zoran ZIGIC and Dragoljub PRCAC (IT-98-30/1-A)
Mohamed Shahabuddeen (Presiding)
Fausto Pocar
Mehmet Güney
Asoka de Zoysa Gunawardana
Theodor Meron
Goran JELISIC (IT-95-10-R)
OFFICE OF THE PROSECUTOR:
The Office of the Prosecutor (OTP) operates independently of the Security Council, of any State or international organisation and of the other organs of the ICTY. 

Its members are experienced police officers, crime experts, analysts, lawyers and trial attorneys. 

The OTP conducts investigations (by collecting evidence, identifying witnesses, exhuming mass graves), prepares indictments and presents prosecutions before the judges of the Tribunal.

Chief Prosecutor: Carla Del Ponte (Switzerland), since 15 September 1999.

Deputy Prosecutor: Graham Blewitt (Australia), since 15 February 1994.

REGISTRY:
The Registry is responsible for the administration and judicial support services of the Tribunal, including the translation of documents and the interpretation of court proceedings. 

The Registry's judicial responsibilities cover the organisation of the hearings, the legal filings and archives, the operation of the legal aid programme for indigent defendants, the provision of assistance and protection to witnesses, and the management of the Detention Unit.

Together with the President, the Registrar carries out diplomatic functions. The Registrar is also in charge of all communications to and from the Tribunal.

Registrar: Hans Holthuis (Netherlands), since 1 January 2001.
Deputy Registrar: Bruno Cathala (France), since 18 May 2001.
PROCEEDINGS:
Investigations are initiated by the Prosecutor at her own discretion or on the basis of information received from individuals, governments, international organisations or non-governmental organisations.
Indictments must be confirmed by a judge prior to becoming effective.
The trial commences only once the accused is physically present before the Tribunal. At the initial appearance of the accused, the Trial Chamber asks the accused to enter a plea of guilty or not guilty.
The conduct of the trial draws on both the civil law and common law systems: elements of the adversarial and inquisitorial procedures are combined.
The Rules of Procedure and Evidence guarantee that ICTY proceedings adhere to internationally recognised principles of fair trial. As an important guarantee of a fair trial, the legal aid programme provides counsel for indigent defendants at the expense of the Tribunal. Other important elements include the presumption of innocence, the right to be tried without undue delay, the right to examine adverse witnesses and the right of appeal.
Procedural provisions for the protection of witnesses' identities and the actual assistance provided before, during and after the proceedings by the Victims and Witnesses Section within the Registry ensure that witnesses can testify freely and safely.
CUSTODY AND SENTENCES :
Following their arrest and until the completion of the proceedings, the accused are held in the ICTY Detention Unit which is located in The Hague and managed by the Registry.
The maximum sentence that can be imposed on an accused is life imprisonment.
Sentences are served in one of the States that have signed an agreement with the United Nations to accept persons convicted by the ICTY. 
COOPERATION WITH THE ICTY :
Although judicially independent, the ICTY must rely on international cooperation in order to successfully carry out its mandate. Cooperation by States or international organisations is vital to the collection of evidence, as well as to the detention and transfer of accused persons. States also offer indispensable cooperation in the relocation of sensitive witnesses or the enforcement of sentences handed down by the Tribunal. Additionally, States can contribute personnel or financial resources through the Tribunal's Trust Fund.
DEVELOPMENT :
Since its inception, the Tribunal has become a fully operational legal institution rendering judgements and setting important precedents of international criminal and humanitarian law. Many legal issues now adjudicated by the Tribunal have never actually been adjudicated or have lain dormant since the Nuremberg and Tokyo trials. 
Examples of important legal decisions made by the ICTY include clarifications of the application of the Geneva Conventions, the further development of the command responsibility doctrine, and the interpretation of rape as a form of torture and a crime against humanity.
ICTY PERSONNEL:
As of September 2001: 1188 staff members from 77 countries.
REGULAR BUDGET: 
1993 
1994 
1995 
1996 
1997 
1998 
1999 
2000 
2001 
$276,000 
$10,800,000 
$25,300,000 
$35,430,622 
$48,587,000 
$64,775,300
$94,103,800 
$95,942,600 
$96,443,900 

92 posted on 04/02/2002 10:13:15 PM PST by ABrit
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Comment #93 Removed by Moderator

To: ABrit
Of course the UN is truly impartial by admitting Croatia, Bosnia-Hercegovina and Slovenia, countries formed in violation of the Helsinki accords, while at the same time making Yugoslavia re-apply for admission. We can see how impartial the UN is by looking at the recent UN conference on racism.

Your faith in the UN court is touching, especially when it categorically refused to investigate NATO's actions in attacking Yugoslavia in contravention of international law and NATO's own charter. Rather than accepting the awful truth of being manipulated by CNN and their ilk you rely on the trappings of the kangaroo court known as the ICTY which itself was not formed according to the UN's own rules.

94 posted on 04/02/2002 11:03:15 PM PST by JMS
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To: ABrit
What the hell is a "Kosovar"?
95 posted on 04/03/2002 12:44:54 AM PST by Banat
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To: ABrit
You've got it all wrong.
The correct analogy would be:

AMERICA = SERBIA; AMERICANS = SERBS
"KOSOVA" = AZTLAN; "KOSOVARS" = SEPARATIST HISPANICS

Nobody has the right to destroy anyone's country. Serbia is the home of the Serbs. Albania is the home of the Albanians. If they don't like it in Serbia (Kosovo & Metohia) they are free to go wherever they want.

96 posted on 04/03/2002 12:54:24 AM PST by Banat
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To: ABrit; JMS; SANDNES; Banat
A'Brit' - You have completely blown any credibility by your outburst accusing anyone of questioning Nato's attack on Serbia as being a 'denier of the holocaust' etc.

Some basic considerations for you:
Even for those who do take the ICTY seriously (Tony Blaaair, Hashim Thaci, Del Ponte and yourself) indictees are not presumed guilty before their trial (by the way, there will be plenty of KLA 'fighters' on their way there soon as a result of the recent moves in Belgrade);
For such a 'humanitarian' why have you not mentioned a word about the millions of people to have suffered as a result of Nato's actions and the KLA? Not just Serbians (who you seem to class as non-human), but also Albanians, Roma, Jews, Turks, Egyptians...;
As Banat asked: what exactly is a 'Kosovar'? Don't you mean a 'Kosovarian'?!

"People like you are resposible for the deaths, torture, and rape of many, you who chose to turn a blind eye, to wash your hands, just as those who ignored and denied the holocaust."

Very big accusations for a little person to make. I would love for you to say such a thing to my face. Is that the best that you can do in the way of 'argument'? New Labour type accusations? It doesn't work against facts, especially nowadays.

Why do you have such an interest in Albanian independence, A'Brit'? I meet British people with whom I dispute what happened in Kosovo to one extent or another, but none of them are still following the 1999 spin. (And none of them would have spoken so glibly about Britain and England.)

By the way, when you redirect people to the ICTY as 'evidence' of what happened make sure of your facts. The charge of genocide in Kosovo was disproved by the UN and removed from the Milosevic indictment. Just another hysterical tabloid piece of sensationalism.

97 posted on 04/03/2002 4:21:10 AM PST by Kate22
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To: Kate22
Why do you have such an interest in Albanian independence, A'Brit'? I meet British people with whom I dispute what happened in Kosovo to one extent or another, but none of them are still following the 1999 spin.

He definetly has more than passing interest in all this. I doubt he is of British origin. Most probably Albanian with British passport, or of Albaninan heritage.

I don't mind him being Albanian and defending his position, but why is he trying to decieve us by being a Brit?

98 posted on 04/03/2002 5:56:51 AM PST by Leonora
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To: ABrit
I'll see your Hague show trials and raise you eighteen Moscows.

Moscow Trials 1936, Court Proceedings, Content

 
Please note: All files marked with a copyright notice are subject to normal copyright restrictions. These files may, however, be downloaded for personal use. Electronically distributed texts may easily be corrupted, deliberately or by technical causes. When you base other works on such texts, double-check with a printed source if possible.



 
REPORT OF COURT PROCEEDINGS

THE CASE OF THE

TROTSKYITE-ZINOVIEVITE
TERRORIST CENTRE


Heard Before the
MILITARY COLLEGIUM OF THE
SUPREME COURT OF THE U.S.S.R.
Moscow, August 19-24, 1936

In re
G.E. Zinoviev, L.B.Kamenev, G.E. Evdokimov,
I.N. Smirnov, I.P. Bakayev, V.A. Ter-Vaganyan,
S.V. Mrachkovsky, E.A. Dreitzer, E.S. Holtzman,
I.I. Reingold, R.V. Pickel, V.P. Olberg, K.B.
Berman-Yurin, Fritz David (I.I. Kruglyansky),
M. Lurye and N. Lurye

Charged under Articles 588, 19 and 588, 5811
of the Criminal Code of the R.S.F.S.R.


Published by the
PEOPLE'S COMMISSARIAT OF JUSTICE OF THE U.S.S.R.
MOSCOW 1936



Contents

  Click and view original title-page
of the English edition from 1936.



(Read also Gudrun Persson's article about the show trials, "And they all confessed ..." [ENG]; "Bolsjeviker bekänner sin skuld" [SWE].)

The following links will open a new window with text, so you can easily return to the table of contents by closing or moving the new window.



August 19 (morning session)
Indictment
Examination of the Accused Mrachkovsky
Examination of the Accused Evdokimov


August 19 (evening session)
Examination of the Accused Dreitzer
Examination of the Accused Reingold
Examination of the Accused Bakayev
Examination of the Accused Pickel


August 20 (morning session)
Examination of the Accused Kamenev
Examination of the Witness Yakovlev
Examination of the Accused Zinoviev
Examination of the Witness Safonova


Grigory E. Zinoviev (1883-1936).

August 20 (evening session)
Examination of the Accused I.N. Smirnov
Examination of the Accused Olberg
Examination of the Accused Berman-Yurin


August 21 (morning session)
Examination of the Accused Holtzman
Examination of the Accused N. Lurye
Examination of the Accused M. Lurye
Examination of the Accused Ter-Vaganyan


August 21 (evening session)
Examination of the Accused Fritz David (Kruglyansky)
Statement by Comrade Vyshinsky, State Attorney of the U.S.S.R.


August 22 (morning session)
Speech for the Prosecution by Comrade A.Y. Vyshinsky, State Attorney of the U.S.S.R.


Andrei Vyshinsky (1883-1954), prosecutor.

August 22 (evening session)
Last Pleas of Mrachkovsky, Evdokimov, Dreitzer, Reingold, Bakayev and Pickel


August 23 (morning session)
Last Pleas of Kamenev, Zinoviev, Smirnov, Olberg, Berman-Yurin, Holtzman, N. Lurye and M. Lurye


August 23 (evening session)
Last Pleas of Ter-Vaganyan and Fritz David
The Verdict




[English Homepage]
[Svensk bassida]
[Origo menu]

***
99 posted on 04/03/2002 6:35:49 AM PST by Gael
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Comment #100 Removed by Moderator


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