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FReeper Canteen ~ Conclusion of The Mongols ~ January 11, 2005
www.coldsiberia.org ^ | January 11, 2005 | LaDivaLoca

Posted on 01/10/2005 7:58:39 PM PST by LaDivaLoca

 
 

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ANCIENT WARFARE





Conclusion of The Mongols

Genghis Khan

Now with a larger following and the help of Togrul and the Chin (a large civilization in northern China), Temuchin was able to defeat the Tartars and avenge his father’s death (Nicolle 18). Temuchin continued to build power by removing rivals (Nicolle 18-19). Deals were struck with most Mongol chieftains giving them leadership roles and wives (Humphrey 47). These chiefs who would not serve under other chiefs were willing to serve under the dominating Temuchin (Humphrey 47). Eventually Jamuga became Temuchin’s primary rival allying with Temuchin’s enemies in a series of campaigns which came to include even Togrul and the Kereits (Nicolle 19). Using superior political and military skill, Temuchin defeated and integrated all opposing Mongol tribes (Marshall 28-32). By 1206 Temuchin led more than two million people and ruled land stretching a 1000 miles from west to east and 600 miles from Siberia in the north to the Gobi Desert in the south (Humphrey 57, 63). Temuchin’s followers, while still nomadic, were now united behind their leader and considered themselves one nation of Mongols (Humphrey 59). Temuchin took the name Genghis which appropriately meant universal leader (USA Today 1).

Having created a nation Genghis now looked to build an empire (Humphrey 77-78). During his lifetime Genghis conquered Hsi Hsia a southwestern border country of Mongolia, the Chin empire of north China, and (after being provoked by the massacre of a trade caravan and subsequent murder of his ambassador) the medieval Muslim kingdom of Khwarezm (Marshall 42-57). Genghis was able to consistently defeat larger forces by using ruthless military strategies which are well-known and innovative military strategies which should be well known (Marshall 37-57). Genghis’ highly disciplined troops were equally capable of slaughtering civilians whose armies refused to surrender and mastering the advanced methods required to capture fortified cities (Humphrey 82-83). Well supplied and constantly drilled in war games, the Mongolian men were always prepared for war (Humphrey 68). In the field of battle Genghis maintained close communications with commanders using swift "arrow messengers, signal flags, and fire (Humphrey 79-78). The entire army moved and attacked on horseback and there were always one or two fresh horses available for each man (Humphrey 65). Combined with other tactics, the incredible mobility of Genghis’ forces (which was probably not matched until the German blitzkrieg of WWII) always gave him the advantage of surprise (Humphrey 67-68). The History of Mongolia

Most of the Western world views Genghis Khan as a simple savage who overwhelmed others by brute force (Marshall 64). However, Genghis was a cunning warrior, a superb motivator, an organized leader, and a wise ruler who valued loyalty, education, strict laws, and the exchange of knowledge and goods with other cultures. Genghis created Mongolia and established an empire that reached from the Pacific Ocean to the Black Sea and from Siberia to Tibet (USA Today 1). Genghis died in 1227 but the structure and tradition the great leader established did not (Nicolle 46-47). Descendants were well positioned to expand Genghis Khan’s Mongol Empire from the Pacific to the Danube and from Siberia to the Indian Ocean, an area in which half the population of the world then lived (Humphrey 107). It took a genius, not a savage, to accomplish this. The Mongolian Empire.

Bibliography

Humphrey, Judy. Genghis Khan. New York: Chelsea House of Publishers, 1987.

Lister, R.P. Genghis Khan. New York: Dorset Press, 1969.

Marshall, Robert. Storm from the East. Berkely: University of California Press, 1952.

Nicolle, David. The Mongol Warlords. United Kingdom: Firebird Books, 1990.

"The Historical Mongol Empire." Genghis Khan. 19pars. Online. Internet. 20 March 1998.
Available: http.//www.geocities.com/Athens/Forum/2532/page2.html.

"Treasures from Inner Mongolia." USA Today Magazine May 1994. 15pars. Online EBSCOHost. 10 March 1998.

 





TOPICS: Free Republic; Miscellaneous; News/Current Events; Political Humor/Cartoons
KEYWORDS: ancientwarfare; genghiskhan; mongols
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To: beachn4fun
Did you get any hot sauce with them?? I like the green hot sauce. This is the best for taco and burritos.


221 posted on 01/11/2005 6:30:19 AM PST by Arrowhead1952 (Jan. 20, 2005 - - - - The biggest nightmare for the MSM and DU.)
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To: Jet Jaguar

Good one!!! I like that.


222 posted on 01/11/2005 6:30:44 AM PST by Arrowhead1952 (Jan. 20, 2005 - - - - The biggest nightmare for the MSM and DU.)
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To: beachn4fun

That would be me! The hair is a tad short, but that's okay! Thanks, beach.


223 posted on 01/11/2005 6:31:16 AM PST by armyavonlady
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To: darkwing104

Good morning, SHORT TIMER!


224 posted on 01/11/2005 6:32:10 AM PST by tomkow6 (.........As the sun warms my buns...you warm my burka...moonshine helps the magic...)
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To: beachn4fun

And what gets me is that when the Angel Boy acts like Devil Dog it's still OK!!


225 posted on 01/11/2005 6:35:51 AM PST by pelikan
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To: LaDivaLoca

On This Day In History


Birthdates which occurred on January 11:
1746 William Curtis English botanist/publisher (Botanical Magazine)
1757 Alexander Hamilton West Indies, 1st US Secretary of Treasury ($10 face)
1807 Ezra Cornell founder (Western Union Telegraph, Cornell University)
1807 Alfred Eugene "Stonewall" Jackson Brigadier General (Confederate Army)
1814 Richard Griffith Brigadier General (Confederate Army), died in 1862
1815 Sir John A MacDonald (C) 1st PM of Canada (1867-73)
1816 Fitz-Henry Warren Brevet Major General (Union volunteers), died in 1878
1818 John Reese Kenly Brevet Major General (Union volunteers), died in 1891
1831 James Ronald Chalmers Brigadier General (Confederate Army), died in 1898
1885 Alice Paul ERA advocate/founder (National Woman's Party)
1886 George Zucco England, actor (Adventures of Sherlock Holmes, Captain Fury)
1887 Aldo Leopold founder (Wilderness Society)
1903 Alan Paton South Africa, writer (Cry, the Beloved Country)
1904 Frederick Boland Irish diplomat/President (UN General Assembly)
1922 Neville Duke English test pilot
1924 James Moore aka Slim Harpo Blues musician
1926 Grant Tinker broadcasting executive (NBC-TV)
1934 Jean Chrétien Canada PM (Liberal, 1993- )
1942 Clarence Clemons rock saxophonist (Bruce Springsteen's E St Band)
1946 Naomi Judd [Diana Ellen], Ashland KY, singer (Judds-Why Not Me)
1952 Lee Ritenour Los Angeles CA, jazz musician
1959 Brett Bodine auto racer
1974 Rosenkowitz sextuplets Cape Town South Africa (1st known to survive infancy)



Deaths which occurred on January 11:
0705 John VI Catholic Pope (701-05), dies
1055 Constantine IX Monomachos emperor of Byzantium, dies
1674 Jan Zoet actor/playwright/poet (Brutal-Roffel), dies at 58
1797 Francis Lightfoot Lee US farmer (signer Declaration of Independence), dies at 62
1843 Francis Scott Key composer (Star Spangled Banner), dies at 63
1914 Ambrose Bierce writer, dies at 71
1923 Constantine I king of Greece (1913-17, 20-22), dies at 54
1928 Thomas Hardy novelist (Maddening Crowd), dies at his home near Dorchester at 87
1929 Julio Antonio Mella Cuban revolutionary, murdered at about 28
1953 Ernst H Ridder Rappard Dutch Nazi founder (NSNAP), dies at 53
1959 Dr Mohammed Zakaria Ghonein discoverer of 6,000 year old pyramid, dies
1979 Jack Soo actor (Nick Yemana-Barney Miller, Green Berets), dies at 63
1981 Beulah Bondi actress (It's a Wonderful Life), dies at 91
1988 Gregory (Pappy) Boyington ace WWII pilot, dies at 75 of cancer
1994 John Bradley, raised US flag at Iwo Jima, dies at 70
1995 Willem N "Pim" Koot pianist (Concert Building), dies at 76
1997 Sheldon Leonard producer/director (Dick Van Dyke), dies at 89


Reported: MISSING in ACTION

1966 GODFREY JOHNNY HOWARD---PHOENIX AZ.
1968 ANDERSON DENIS L.---HOPE KS.
[CRASH NO SEARCH]
1968 BUCK ARTHUR C.---SANDUSKY OH.
[CRASH NO SEARCH]
1968 MANCINI RICHARD M.---AMSTERDAM NY.
[CRASH NO SEARCH]
1968 OLSON DELBERT A.---CASSELTON ND.
[CRASH NO SEARCH]
1968 ROBERTS MICHAEL L.---PURVIS MS.
[CRASH NO SEARCH]
1968 SIOW GALE R.---HUNTINGTON PARK CA.
[CRASH NO SEARCH]
1968 STEVENS PHILLIP P.---TWIN LAKE MI.
[CRASH NO SEARCH]
1968 THORESEN DONALD N.---DETROIT MI.
[CRASH NO SEARCH]
1968 WIDON KENNETH H.---DETROIT MI.
[CRASH NO SEARCH]
1970 CHORLINS RICHARD DAVID---UNIVERSITY CITY MO.

POW / MIA Data & Bios supplied by
the P.O.W. NETWORK. Skidmore, MO. USA.


On this day...
0314 St Militiades ends his reign as Catholic Pope
0532 Nika-revolt against Justianus & Theodora in Hippodrome Constantinople
0705 John VI ends his reign as Catholic Pope
1158 Vladislav II of Bohemia becomes king
1569 1st recorded lottery in England is drawn at St Paul's Cathedral
1599 Jacob van Necks fleet leaves Bantam Java with pepper, clove & muskaat
1672 Isaac Newton is elected a member of Royal Society
1693 Mt Etna erupts, Sicily
1758 Russian troops occupy Königsberg, East-Prussia
1759 1st American life insurance company incorporated, Philadelphia
1774 Messier adds M51 (spiral galaxy in Canes Venatici) to his catalog
1775 Francis Salvador becomes 1st Jew elected to office in America (SC)
1785 Continental Congress convenes in New York City NY
1787 Titania & Oberon, moons of Uranus, discovered by William Herschel
1803 Monroe & Livingston sail for Paris to buy New Orleans; they buy Louisiana
1805 Michigan Territory is organized
1813 1st pineapples planted in Hawaii
1861 Alabama becomes 4th state to secede
1863 Naval engagement near Galveston between CSS Alabama & USS Hatteras
1863 Union forces capture Arkansas Post, or Fort Hindman AR
1865 Battle of Beverly WV
1879 Zulu war against British colonial rule in South Africa begins
1892 Paul Gauguin marries a 13-year-old Tahitian girl
1913 1st sedan-type car (Hudson) goes on display at 13th Auto Show (New York City NY)
1919 3 year old German communist party (Spartacus) crushed
1919 Romania annexes Transylvania
1922 Insulin 1st used to treat diabetes (Leonard Thompson, 14, of Canada)
1925 Franc B Kellogg replaces Charles Hughes on as US Secretary of State
1940 Sergei Prokofiev's ballet Romeo & Juliet premieres in Leningrad
1942 -23ºF (-31ºC), Kingston RI (state record)
1942 Japan conquers Kuala Lumpur, Malaya
1943 US & Britain relinquish extraterritorial rights in China
1944 Crakow-Plaszow Concentration Camp established
1946 Enver Hoxha declares People's Republic of Albania with himself dictator
1949 Snowfall 1st recorded in Los Angeles
1960 Lamar Clark sets pro boxing record of 44 consecutive knockouts
1961 Racial riot at University of Georgia
1962 Mandela leaves South Africa, travels to Ethiopia, Algeria & England
1962 Volcano Huascaran in Peru, erupts; 4,000 die
1963 Beatles release "Please Please Me" & "Ask Me Why"
1963 1st discotheque opens, The Whiskey-a-go-go in Los Angeles CA
1964 US Surgeon General Luther Terry reports that smoking may be hazardous
1970 Super Bowl IV Kansas City Chiefs beat Minnesota Vikings, 23-7 in New Orleans; Super Bowl MVP Len Dawson, Kansas City, Quarterback
1971 Tigers ace reliever John Hiller, 27, suffers a heart attack, misses the 1971 season, but later makes a remarkable comeback to record 38 saves
1972 East-Pakistan becomes independent state of Bangladesh
1973 American League adopts designated hitter rule(BOOOO)
1973 Trial of the Watergate burglars begins in Washington DC
1974 ABC airs final episode of "Love, American Style"
1975 Soyuz 17 carries 2 cosmonauts to space station Salyut 4
1976 Dorothy Hamill wins her 3rd consecutive national figure skating championship
1977 France releases Abu Daoud, a Palestinian suspected of involvement in the massacre of Israeli athletes at the 1972 Munich Olympics
1983 Billy Martin named New York Yankee manager for 3rd time
1989 140 nations agree to ban chemical weapons (poison gas, etc)
1990 Bobby Knight becomes basketball's Big 10 winningest coach (229)
1991 Ric Flair wins NWA/WCW wrestling title
1991 Soviets storm buildings in Vilnius to block Lithuania independence (To little to late)
1993 Independent presidential candidate Ross Perot publicly returns to politics
2000 The British government declared Chile’s Gen. Augusto Pinochet medically unfit to stand trial in Spain.


Holidays
Note: Some Holidays are only applicable on a given "day of the week"

International Thank You Day
Albania : Republic Day (1946)
Chad : Independence Day (1960)
Puerto Rico : De Hostos' Birthday (1839)
US : Pharmacists Day
US : Man Watcher's Week Begins
National Oatmeal Month


Religious Observances
ancient Rome : Carmentalia (a d iij Id Jan)
Roman Catholic : Feast of St Theodosius the Cenobite
Anglican, Roman Catholic : Feast of the Baptism of Jesus Christ
Roman Catholic : Commemoration of St Hyginus, 9th pope (c 136-c 140), martyr


Religious History
1523 German reformer Martin Luther wrote in a letter: 'It is unchristian, even unnatural, to derive benefit and protection from the community and not also to share in the common burden and expense; to let other people work but to harvest the fruit of their labors.'
1777 Anglican hymnwriter John Newton wrote in a letter: 'A soul may be in as thriving a state when thirsting, seeking and mourning after the Lord as when actually rejoicing in Him; as much in earnest when fighting in the valley as when singing upon the mount.'
1791 In Philadelphia, Episcopal Bishop William White, 43, founded the First Day Society. It became the forerunner of the American Missionary Fellowship, chartered in 1817 and headquartered today in Villanova, PA.
1907 The Church of God, headquartered today in Cleveland, Tennessee, and with roots going back to 1886, officially adopted its current name.
1933 In Hamburg, Germany, the Altona Confession was issued by area pastors, offering Scriptural guidelines for the Christian life, in light of the confusing political situation and the developing Nazi influence on the State Church.

Source: William D. Blake. ALMANAC OF THE CHRISTIAN CHURCH. Minneapolis: Bethany House, 1987.


Thought for the day :
"Never put off until tomorrow what you can do the day after tomorrow."


226 posted on 01/11/2005 6:37:04 AM PST by Valin (Sometimes you're the bug, and sometimes you're the windshield)
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To: beachn4fun

LOL just saw your little angel's lips moving--in prayer for Angel Boy no doubt...


227 posted on 01/11/2005 6:37:27 AM PST by pelikan
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To: armyavonlady
Before I forget, BTTT!!!!!! for this well though out observation.

This is something that obviously needs to be addressed.

Thanks for sharing it with us.

228 posted on 01/11/2005 6:40:14 AM PST by E.G.C.
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To: pelikan


229 posted on 01/11/2005 6:47:57 AM PST by tomkow6 (.........As the sun warms my buns...you warm my burka...moonshine helps the magic...)
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To: All
Today is my favorite day of the week!
See You All Tonight.

"The Coast Guard Auxiliary is not the best kept secret in the USCG anymore,
it's now a premier Force of the Department of Homeland Security
and the United States Coast Guard."

REAR ADMIRAL J. M. GARRETT
THIRTEENTH DISTRICT


"We will not tire, we will not falter, and we will not fail..."

President George W. Bush

COAST GUARD LOGO




230 posted on 01/11/2005 6:48:18 AM PST by 68-69TonkinGulfYachtClub (SEMPER PARATUS)
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To: tomkow6
Good Morning Tom!

Got an emerald green burka?

231 posted on 01/11/2005 6:52:22 AM PST by Pippin (Now I got my DVD set up I can record the Inaugeration! :o))
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To: Jet Jaguar
Thanks JJ.


232 posted on 01/11/2005 6:52:42 AM PST by pookie18 (Clinton Happens!)
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To: tomkow6
Good Morning Tomkow!


233 posted on 01/11/2005 6:53:03 AM PST by darkwing104 (Let's get dangerous)
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To: Valin; 68-69TonkinGulfYachtClub; 2LT Radix jr; Radix; kjfine; HiJinx; AZ Flyboy; The Sailor; ...

1693 Mt Etna erupts, Sicily

 


234 posted on 01/11/2005 6:53:10 AM PST by tomkow6 (.........As the sun warms my buns...you warm my burka...moonshine helps the magic...)
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To: tomkow6

you are too, too much! You can only get away with this now because Ma is at work--where's Beachy??

I love your graphics which might not be a GOOD thing; but they really appeal to my twisted side!


235 posted on 01/11/2005 6:53:12 AM PST by pelikan
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To: tomkow6

Wait a minute, what history book are you posting pics from?


236 posted on 01/11/2005 6:54:32 AM PST by pelikan
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To: Pippin


237 posted on 01/11/2005 6:54:59 AM PST by tomkow6 (.........As the sun warms my buns...you warm my burka...moonshine helps the magic...)
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To: pelikan


238 posted on 01/11/2005 6:56:38 AM PST by tomkow6 (.........As the sun warms my buns...you warm my burka...moonshine helps the magic...)
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To: Arrowhead1952

No hot sauce. I have a sensitive stomach. I usually hold the hot stuff until I can sit at home and recoup!


239 posted on 01/11/2005 6:56:39 AM PST by beachn4fun (Not all who wander are lost ~ J.R.R. Tolkien)
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To: 68-69TonkinGulfYachtClub

Good Morning Tonk! Happy Coast Guard Day!! Well deserved, too.

Thank you and your buddies and all the military for their service to our country. Where would we be without all of you...I don't even want to think about it.


240 posted on 01/11/2005 6:57:19 AM PST by pelikan
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