Posted on 07/19/2004 9:45:31 AM PDT by Paradox
As winter approaches on Mars, NASA's Opportunity rover continues to inch deeper into the stadium-sized crater dubbed "Endurance." On the other side of the planet, the Spirit rover found an intriguing patch of rock outcrop while preparing to climb up the "Columbia Hills" backward. This unusual approach to driving is part of a creative plan to accommodate Spirit's aging front wheel.</p
Spirit, with an odometer reading of over 3.5 kilometers (2.2 miles), has already traveled six times its designed capacity. Its right front wheel has been experiencing increased internal resistance, and recent efforts to mitigate the problem by redistributing the wheel's lubricant through rest and heating have been only partially successful.
To cope with the condition, rover planners have devised a roundabout strategy. They will drive the rover backward on five wheels, rotating the sixth wheel only sparingly to ensure its availability for demanding terrain. "Driving may take us a little bit longer because it is like dragging an anchor," said Joe Melko, a rover engineer at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), Pasadena, Calif. "However, this approach will allow us to continue doing science much longer than we ever thought possible," he said.
On Thursday, July 15, Spirit successfully drove 8 meters (26 feet) north along the base of the Columbia Hills backward, dragging its faulty wheel. The wheel was activated about 10 percent of the time to surmount obstacles and to pull the rover out of trenches dug by the immobile wheel.
Along the way, Spirit drove over what scientists have been hoping to find in the hills -- a slab of rock outcrop that may represent some of the oldest rocks observed in the mission so far. Spirit will continue to drive north, where it likely will encounter more outcrop. Ultimately, the rover will drive east and hike up the hills backward using all six wheels.
"A few months ago, we weren't sure if we'd make it to the hills, and now here we are preparing to drive up into them," said Dr. Matt Golombek, a rover science-team member from JPL. "It's very exciting," he added.
For the past month, the Spirit rover has been parked near several hematite-containing rocks, including "Pot of Gold," conducting science studies and undergoing a long-distance "tuneup" for its right front wheel.
Driving with the wheel disabled means that corrections might have to be made to the rover's steering if it veers off its planned path. This limits Spirit's accuracy, but rover planners working at JPL's rover test bed have come up with some creative commands that allow the rover to auto-correct itself to a limited degree.
As Spirit prepares to climb upward, Opportunity is rolling downward. Probing increasingly deep layers of bedrock lining the walls of Endurance Crater at Meridiani Planum, the rover has observed a puzzling increase in the amount of chlorine. Data from Opportunity's alpha particle X-ray spectrometer show that chlorine is the only element that dramatically rises with deepening layers, leaving scientists to wonder how it got there. "We do not know yet which element is bound to the chlorine," said Dr. Jutta Zipfel, a rover science-team member from the Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Mainz, Germany.
Opportunity will roll down even farther into the crater in the next few days to see if this trend continues. It also will investigate a row of sharp, teeth-like features dubbed "razorback," which may have formed when fluid flowed through cracks, depositing hard minerals. Scientists hope the new data will help put together the pieces of Meridiani's mysterious and watery past. "Razorback may tell us more about the history of water at Endurance Crater," said Dr. Jack Farmer, a rover science-team member from Arizona State University, Phoenix.
Rover planners are also preparing for the coming Martian winter, which peaks in mid-September. Dwindling daily sunshine means the rovers will have less solar power and take longer to recharge. Periods of rest and "deep sleep" will allow the rovers to keep working through the winter at lower activity levels. Orienting the rovers' solar panels toward the north will also elevate power supplies. "The rovers might work a little bit every day, or a little bit more every other day. We will see how things go and remain flexible," said Jim Erickson, project manager for the Mars Exploration Rover mission at JPL.
JPL, a division of the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena, manages the Mars Exploration Rover project for NASA's Office of Space Science, Washington.
Images and additional information about the project are available on the Internet at: http://marsrovers.jpl.nasa.gov and http://athena.cornell.edu
Editor's Note: The original news release can be found here.
This story has been adapted from a news release issued by NASA/Jet Propulsion Laboratory.
I look for the new pictures everyday.
Giant Martian Swimming Pool Found!
Let's hear it for NASA's engineering contractors. This is well beyond anyone's expectations. The scientists have to be going nuts over all the extra data they are getting.
Let's hear it for NASA's engineering contractors. This is well beyond anyone's expectations. The scientists have to be going nuts over all the extra data they are getting.
One of the rovers has come up lame..
LOL! When I first saw the headline, I read the word "Winter" as "Water", and just about passed out!
Are they going to have to put him to sleep?
Is the orbit around the sun so elliptical that the entire planet experiences winter at the same time?
Spirit, with an odometer reading of over 3.5 kilometers (2.2 miles), has already traveled six times its designed capacity.
Well, I guess that answers the question about following summer to the other side of the equator! ;O)
This is great. However, this mission is still a bit of a disappointment, no little green men have been found, LOL. I am just kidding, just kidding.
Money well spent!
"the Spirit rover found an intriguing patch of rock outcrop while preparing to climb up the "Columbia Hills" backward"
My Dad tells me of how the early cars couldn't make it up the hills in forward, so you had to turn around and go backwards up the hill in reverse (a lower gear I guess).
He remembers how proud his Dad was to buy a car that went up the hill forwards. They went on the test drive and the dealer went to the biggest hill in down (in the mountainous region of Minneapolis) and went up FORWARDS! I imagine that would have been in the '20s.
A lot has happened with technology since then! Amazing!
"They shoot rovers, don't they?"
Then, by all means, send them some of yours. They take mine without asking.
But in a nice way.
Indeed! I was just thinking about these things a week ago, and I was sure they had conked out by now. It's great to see they're still plugging along, and the engineers seem to be optimistic enough to think they'll make it through the winter! Outstanding!
I should make it a habbit to check these sites every day.
Surely withholding is the greatest innovation in government theft since "eminent domain."
This is absolutely amazing! In my ignorance, I was under the impression these two little bots had a limited life and were done. Press coverage has dropped off the edge of the planet.
Absolutely wonderful.
The term "cold dead hands" comes to mind.
Disclaimer: Opinions posted on Free Republic are those of the individual posters and do not necessarily represent the opinion of Free Republic or its management. All materials posted herein are protected by copyright law and the exemption for fair use of copyrighted works.