They all share one of two general backgrounds:
(1) A group of clergy and laity dissenting from the Church split off and found their own little group;
(2) A single priest leaves the Church and starts his own parish based on his own dissent.
All of these Churches have one thing in common: the sexual incontinence of their founders.
They all either (a) ordain married men, (b) allow divorce or (c) permit sodomy. Usually all three.
These groups usually last as long as the pastor is alive - when he dies the "flock" such as it is finds a new group more or less to its liking.
The Polish National Catholic Church has only lasted as long as it has because it is specifically ethnic - it does not exist purely for the sexual license of its clergy and laity, it also exists to bolster their feelings of ethnic chauvinism and particularity.
There is a long list of now defunct denominations like this, or denominations which once numbered in the tens of thousands and now number in the hundreds: The Traditional Catholic Church, the Orthodox Roman Church, The Apostolic Catholic Church, The Liberal Catholic Church, The Old Catholic Church of America, The Old Catholic Church of the United States, The Independent Catholic Church of America, etc.
Almost all of them can trace their ordinations and consecrations back to one mentally disturbed individual: Arnold Matthew.