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St. Thomas More, Martyr Of The English Reformation, Remembered June 22
EWTN.com ^ | 20-June-2011 | Catholic News Agency via EWTN

Posted on 06/21/2011 4:23:40 PM PDT by Salvation

20-June-2011 -- Catholic News Agency

St. Thomas More, Martyr Of The English Reformation, Remembered June 22

DENVER, COLO., June 19 (CNA/EWTN News) - On June 22, the Catholic Church will honor the life and martyrdom of St. Thomas More, the lawyer, author and statesman who lost his life opposing King Henry VIII's plan to subordinate the Church to the English monarchy.

Thomas More was born in 1478, son of the lawyer and judge John More and his wife Agnes. He received a classical education from the age of six, and at age 13 became the protege of Archbishop John Morton, who also served an important civic role as the Lord Chancellor. Although Thomas never joined the clergy, he would eventually come to assume the position of Lord Chancellor himself.

More received a well-rounded college education at Oxford, becoming a "renaissance man" who knew several ancient and modern languages and was well-versed in mathematics, music and literature. His father, however, determined that Thomas should become a lawyer, so he withdrew his son from Oxford after two years to focus him on that career.

Despite his legal and political orientation, Thomas was confused in regard to his vocation as a young man. He seriously considered joining either the Carthusian monastic order or the Franciscans, and followed a number of ascetic and spiritual practices throughout his life - such as fasting, corporal mortification, and a regular rule of prayer - as means of growing in holiness.

In 1504, however, More was elected to Parliament. He gave up his monastic ambitions, though not his disciplined spiritual life, and married Jane Colt of Essex. They were happily married for several years and had four children together, though Jane tragically died in childbirth in 1511. Shortly after her death, More married a widow named Alice Middleton, who proved to be a devoted wife and mother.

Two years earlier, in 1509, King Henry VIII had acceded to the throne. For years, the king showed fondness for Thomas, working to further his career as a public servant. He became a part of the king's inner circle, eventually overseeing the English court system as Lord Chancellor. More even authored a book published in Henry's name, defending Catholic doctrine against Martin Luther.

More's eventual martyrdom would come as a consequence o f Henry VIII's own tragic downfall. The king wanted an annulment of his marriage to Catherine of Aragon, a marriage that Pope Clement VII declared to be valid and indissoluble. By 1532, More had resigned as Lord Chancellor, refusing to support the king's efforts to defy the Pope and control the Church.

In 1534, Henry VIII declared that every subject of the British crown would have to swear an oath affirming the validity of his new marriage to Anne Boleyn. Refusal of these demands would be regarded as treason against the state.

In April of that year, a royal commission summoned Thomas to force him to take the oath affirming the King's new marriage as valid. While accepting certain portions of the act which pertained to Henry's royal line of succession, he could not accept the king's defiance of papal authority on the marriage question. More was taken from his wife and children, and imprisoned in the Tower of London.

For 15 months, More's wife and several friends tried to convince him to take the oath and save his life, but he refused. In 1535, while More was imprisoned, an act of Parliament came into effect declaring Henry VIII to be "the only supreme head on earth of the Church in England," once again under penalty of treason. Members of the clergy who would not take the oath began to be executed.

In June of 1535, More was finally indicted and formally tried for the crime of treason in Westminster Hall. He was charged with opposing the king's "Act of Supremacy" in private conversations which he insisted had never occurred. But after his defense failed, and he was sentenced to death, he finally spoke out in open opposition to what he had previously opposed through silence and refusal.

More explained that Henry's Act of Supremacy, was contrary "to the laws of God and his holy Church." He explained that "no temporal prince" could take away the prerogatives that belonged to St. Peter and his successors according to the words of Christ. When he was told that most of the English bishops had accepted the king's order, More replied that the saints in heaven did not accept it.

On July 7, 1535, the 57-year-old More came before the executioner to be beheaded. "I die the king's good servant," he told the onlonokers, "but God's first." His head was displayed on London Bridge, but later returned to his daughter Margaret who preserved it as a holy relic of her father.

St. Thomas More was beatified by Pope Leo XIII in 1886 and canonized in 1935 by Pope Piux XI. The Academy Award-winning film "A Man For All Seasons" portrayed the events that led to his martyrdom.



TOPICS: Apologetics; Catholic; History; Theology
KEYWORDS: catholic; saints; stthomasmore
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To: Salvation

We are direct descendents of St Thomas More.


21 posted on 06/21/2011 6:19:33 PM PDT by Shady (The numbers do not lie.)
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To: Mr Rogers
False.

See, More is really an incredible man: he executes his enemies in other countries, even after he's dead.

22 posted on 06/21/2011 6:23:44 PM PDT by Campion ("Fallacies do not cease to be fallacies when they become fashions." -- GKC)
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To: Campion
Why an impossibility?

He helped to creat the environment in which Tyndale was hunted down.

23 posted on 06/21/2011 6:49:40 PM PDT by Siena Dreaming
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To: Salvation
A Great Saint!

Also, A Man for All Seasons was an incredible movie.

24 posted on 06/21/2011 6:51:48 PM PDT by frogjerk (Liberalism: The ideology of envy.)
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To: Campion

“Protestant rulers of the time behaved precisely the same way toward those who disagreed with them on religious grounds, whether Protestant or Catholic.”

False. Check out the difference between the reign of Mary & Elizabeth. Both prosecuted, but Elizabeth did it largely at the end of her reign after multiple assassination attempts.

And More greatly increased the pressure on ‘heretics’, well above what had been done in previous years.

“Tyndale’s translation contained plenty of notes and editorial changes supporting his Protestant point of view.”

False. I’ve got a copy of his 1526 New Testament, and there is not a note in it. His translation was accurate, which made it an object of More’s hate.

“Tyndale lived on the continent from 1524 until his death”

Yes. He would have died earlier if he had returned to England. More would have seen to that!

“See, More is really an incredible man: he executes his enemies in other countries, even after he’s dead.”

He did not light the fire himself, but that isn’t what I’m accusing him of doing. He hated Protestants, killed those he could catch who did not repent, and tried to kill Tyndale. That his efforts did not bear fruit until after his own fall doesn’t mean his efforts were not made.

My point is that “A Man for All Seasons” is a phoney. His hatred for Protestants and for William Tyndale in particular, and his desire to ban vernacular translations into English, make him a very different man that portrayed on the stage. And he is NOT a man I would celebrate, since he would have killed me if I lived when he did.

A man who wants to limit the spread of God’s Word is NOT a man we should praise!


25 posted on 06/21/2011 6:58:29 PM PDT by Mr Rogers (Poor history is better than good fiction, and anything with lots of horses is better still)
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To: Mr Rogers
Photobucket
26 posted on 06/21/2011 7:00:15 PM PDT by Mr Rogers (Poor history is better than good fiction, and anything with lots of horses is better still)
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To: Campion
Really? That's an impressive achievement on More's part, since More was beheaded in London in June, 1535, and Tyndale was burned in Belgium in October of 1536.

Not really that impressive. He was arrested a year before he was executed. It was More's efforts that got him arrested and charged with heresy.

27 posted on 06/21/2011 7:27:33 PM PDT by SeeSharp
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To: SeeSharp

“He [Tyndall] was arrested a year before he was executed. It was More’s efforts that got him arrested and charged with heresy.”

Isn’t that a bit like blaming a District Attorney for state executions? “Heresy,” at the time, was as much a civil crime as it was a religious offense. As even Elizabeth manifested when she beheaded Edmund Campion.


28 posted on 06/21/2011 8:00:42 PM PDT by Mach9
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To: SeeSharp

You wrote:

“It was More’s efforts that got him arrested and charged with heresy.”

More was a secular official and only had authority in secular affairs in England. Tyndale was arrested on the continent, not England. He was given an ecclesiastical trial, not a secular one.


29 posted on 06/21/2011 8:25:53 PM PDT by vladimir998 (When anti-Catholics can't debate they just make stuff up.)
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To: vladimir998; SeeSharp

“More was a secular official and only had authority in secular affairs in England.”

Odd. He approved the deaths of ‘heretics’ in England, and supported the efforts to find and stop Tyndale. He was NOT just concerned with traffic laws!

More was out of power by the time of Tyndale’s betrayal and trial. However, while he could, he supported the efforts to find and kill William Tyndale. That the efforts bore fruit after More’s fall was not More’s fault.

More hated Tyndale, and did his best to stop the Tyndale’s translation since it was designed to be read by commoners. This is not open to doubt, since More wrote extensively about it.


30 posted on 06/21/2011 8:37:51 PM PDT by Mr Rogers (Poor history is better than good fiction, and anything with lots of horses is better still)
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To: Campion

I need to point out that the picture I posted was from the 1526 edition. I’ve read the 1534 edition DID have notes added, although a pirated edition of it did not. Of course, More opposed both editions.


31 posted on 06/21/2011 8:47:00 PM PDT by Mr Rogers (Poor history is better than good fiction, and anything with lots of horses is better still)
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To: Mr Rogers

First of all, lest we forget:

Tyndale’s 1536 edition:

http://www.kjv-only.com/oldscans/tyndale.jpg

Second:

The New Testament, translated by William Tyndale. [Printed at Cologne in the Office of Peter Quentell, 1526.] 4to. in black letter with wood cuts, ***marginal notes and references***. Of this edition an account will be found in CochUei Vita et Acta Mart. Lutheri. Lewis doubts Cochlsus’s story, but the truth of it has been fully proved by the recent discovery of a fragment of the book, now in the possession of Mr. Thomas Rodd, of Great Newport-street. The inhibition of Bp. pages; 1 Willyam Tin dale yet once more to the Christen reader’, 9 pages; a second title-page ‘The newe Testament. Imprinted at Anwerp by Marten Emperowr. Anno M.D.xxxiiij.’ The folios run to cccc, after which are two tables, one containing 16 pages, the other 5 pages. The signatures run in eights, and a lull page has 33 lines. ***The volume has marginal references and notes, some of the latter are in the Roman letter—it has wood-cuts in the Revelations, also some small ones at the beginning of the Gospel and of some of the Epistles. St. Matthew begins on fol. ii. St. Mark, on xlv. b. Acts, on clvi. b. Romans, on cexx. b. Ephesians, on cclxxviii. b. James, on cccxlviii. b. Revelations, on ccclv.**** See Cotton’s List of Editions of the Bible, pp. 3, 89, 96-7, and 129-30. (The bibliographer’s manual of English literature, Volume 2 By William Thomas Lowndes, page 1791)

Notes!


32 posted on 06/21/2011 8:48:27 PM PDT by vladimir998 (When anti-Catholics can't debate they just make stuff up.)
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To: vladimir998

Ummm...I pointed that out in the previous post.

And of course, More opposed BOTH editions on the basis that the common man wasn’t capable of handling the Word of God.


33 posted on 06/21/2011 9:04:43 PM PDT by Mr Rogers (Poor history is better than good fiction, and anything with lots of horses is better still)
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To: vladimir998

Sorry. The 1526 edition did NOT have notes. I have a facsimile of the entire edition published by the British Museum. NO NOTES in the 1526 edition.

The 1534 did have notes. A pirated version of the 1534 edition did NOT have notes. But all editions were opposed by More.


34 posted on 06/21/2011 9:07:38 PM PDT by Mr Rogers (Poor history is better than good fiction, and anything with lots of horses is better still)
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To: Mr Rogers

You wrote:

“Odd. He approved the deaths of ‘heretics’ in England, and supported the efforts to find and stop Tyndale. He was NOT just concerned with traffic laws!”

It is not odd that he - the chancellor of England - would support long standing ENGLISH SECULAR LAW. What would be odd is for anyone to assume an English secular official could try someone in an ecclesiastical court on the continent. Of course, some Protestants are that odd.

“More was out of power by the time of Tyndale’s betrayal and trial. However, while he could, he supported the efforts to find and kill William Tyndale. That the efforts bore fruit after More’s fall was not More’s fault.”

More always supported truth over Protestant heresy.

“More hated Tyndale, and did his best to stop the Tyndale’s translation since it was designed to be read by commoners.”

Actually I think there is little evidence that More hated anyone. More knew Tyndale to be a dangerous heretic. He used the same invective against Tyndale the heretic that Tyndwas always used against heretics. Also, More - who knew of translations in the vernacular - never opposed them in themselves.

” This is not open to doubt, since More wrote extensively about it.”

No, actually he didn’t.


35 posted on 06/21/2011 9:11:35 PM PDT by vladimir998 (When anti-Catholics can't debate they just make stuff up.)
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To: vladimir998

You need to study history more. More was not subtle in his hatred for Tyndale. He made every effort to capture him while More was in power. He failed, but the ball he started rolling kept rolling.

Tyndale did NOT reply with the vindictiveness shown by More.

And yes, More opposed vernacular translations in the hands of commoners. He didn’t mind the nobility reading them, but he openly opposed commoners getting their hands on scripture. He also didn’t realize the vernacular translation he was comfortable with came from the ‘heretic’ Wycliffe.


36 posted on 06/21/2011 9:19:41 PM PDT by Mr Rogers (Poor history is better than good fiction, and anything with lots of horses is better still)
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To: Mr Rogers

Okay, so he didn’t write these?

http://books.google.com/books?id=4ALml5qkMBYC&pg=PR19&dq=tyndale’s+new+testament&hl=en&ei=pWgBTsL6GYb2swPQnvCtDQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=4&sqi=2&ved=0CDkQ6AEwAw#v=onepage&q=tyndale’s%20new%20testament&f=false

http://books.google.com/books?id=4ALml5qkMBYC&pg=PR19&dq=tyndale’s+new+testament&hl=en&ei=pWgBTsL6GYb2swPQnvCtDQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=4&sqi=2&ved=0CDkQ6AEwAw#v=onepage&q=tyndale’s%20new%20testament&f=false


37 posted on 06/21/2011 9:19:45 PM PDT by vladimir998 (When anti-Catholics can't debate they just make stuff up.)
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To: vladimir998

What ARE you trying to say?


38 posted on 06/21/2011 9:23:25 PM PDT by Mr Rogers (Poor history is better than good fiction, and anything with lots of horses is better still)
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To: Mr Rogers

Also, his contemporaries speak about glosses sewn into the same volume as the New Testament:

In right humble maner I commende me vnto your goode Lordeshippe, Doynge the same tundrestand, that I lately receyued your letters dated at your manor of Lambethe, the xxvj daie of the moneth of Maij. by the whiche I do perceyue that youre grace hath lately goten into your handes all the bokes of the newe testamente translated into Englesshe and pryented beyonde the see aswele those with the gloses ioyned vnto theym as thoder without the gloses,1 by meanes of exchaunge by you made therfore to the somme of lxi]l. ixs. iu]d? (Letter of Richard Nix, Bishop of Norwich, to the Archbishop of Canterbury, June 14, 1527. Printed from Cotton MS. Vitellius B, IX, 117.)


39 posted on 06/21/2011 9:27:29 PM PDT by vladimir998 (When anti-Catholics can't debate they just make stuff up.)
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To: Mr Rogers

You wrote:

“You need to study history more.”

I already know history well.

“More was not subtle in his hatred for Tyndale.”

I think More hated what Tyndale did. I think it is clear he used the same invective that was always used against heretics, and with good reason.

“He made every effort to capture him while More was in power.”

Since Tyndale was a heretic and criminal that would make perfect sense at the time.

“He failed, but the ball he started rolling kept rolling.”

Heresy was still heresy and still a violation of the law. Inevitably Tyndale would have been arrested because of his own crimes and stupidity.

“Tyndale did NOT reply with the vindictiveness shown by More.”

No, he just kept spreading heresy.

“And yes, More opposed vernacular translations in the hands of commoners.”

False.

” He didn’t mind the nobility reading them, but he openly opposed commoners getting their hands on scripture.”

False.

” He also didn’t realize the vernacular translation he was comfortable with came from the ‘heretic’ Wycliffe.”

First of all, as shown by Gasquet, there is reason to believe Wycliffe’s Bible was actually an adaptation of a commonly copied Catholic vernacular Bible. If More didn’t realize that the translation he had was from Wycliffe, that would merely prove how common Catholic made and approved translations were in his day. I love it when anti-Catholics undermine their pet claims!


40 posted on 06/21/2011 9:33:55 PM PDT by vladimir998 (When anti-Catholics can't debate they just make stuff up.)
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