First He taught them to recognize in Himself the Eternal Son of God. When His ministry was drawing to a close, He promised that the Father would send another Divine Person, the Holy Spirit, in His place. Finally after His resurrection, He revealed the doctrine in explicit terms, bidding them "go and teach all nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Ghost" (Matthew 28:18). The force of this passage is decisive. That "the Father" and "the Son" are distinct Persons follows from the terms themselves, which are mutually exclusive. The mention of the Holy Spirit in the same series, the names being connected one with the other by the conjunctions "and . . . and" is evidence that we have here a Third Person co-ordinate with the Father and the Son, and excludes altogether the supposition that the Apostles understood the Holy Spirit not as a distinct Person, but as God viewed in His action on creatures.
1. That he was just a prophet (Muslim inconsistent belief since they believe in the virgin birth)
2. that Jesus was a mn who got "possessed" by the Holy Spirit who left Him when He was dying (again repeated in the Koran)
2. DOES believe Jesus is God, but does not hold to the idea that there is a Triune God (God the Father, Son and Holy Spirit as three "persons" i.e. homousia with One divine Nature1. That all are the same God seen incorectly by humans (like the Oneness Pentecostals)
2. That Jesus and the Holy Spirit are one and there are only 2 "persons" of God (Binitarianism)3. That Jesus is one of 2 or more gods.
My favorite Trinity passages from Scripture with emphasis:
For unto us a child is born, unto us a son is given: and the government shall be upon his shoulder: and his name shall be called Wonderful, Counsellor, The mighty God, The everlasting Father, The Prince of Peace. Isaiah 9:6
Go ye therefore, and teach all nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Ghost: - Matthew 28:19
But man is not the measure of God!
The Laws of Logic are part of the creation, not a property or restriction on the Creator of them. We must lay them aside in our meditations on the Names of God.
And again, the Law of Identity does not apply to God.
Philip saith unto him, Lord, shew us the Father, and it sufficeth us.
Jesus saith unto him, Have I been so long time with you, and yet hast thou not known me, Philip? he that hath seen me hath seen the Father; and how sayest thou [then], Shew us the Father?
Believest thou not that I am in the Father, and the Father in me? the words that I speak unto you I speak not of myself: but the Father that dwelleth in me, he doeth the works.
Believe me that I [am] in the Father, and the Father in me: or else believe me for the very works' sake. - John 14:7-11
John to the seven churches which are in Asia: Grace [be] unto you, and peace, from him which is, and which was, and which is to come; and from the seven Spirits which are before his throne; And from Jesus Christ, [who is] the faithful witness, [and] the first begotten of the dead, and the prince of the kings of the earth. Unto him that loved us, and washed us from our sins in his own blood, And hath made us kings and priests unto God and his Father; to him [be] glory and dominion for ever and ever. Amen.
Behold, he cometh with clouds; and every eye shall see him, and they [also] which pierced him: and all kindreds of the earth shall wail because of him. Even so, Amen.
I am Alpha and Omega, the beginning and the ending, saith the Lord, which is, and which was, and which is to come, the Almighty. - Revelation 1:1-8
Jesus prayed at John 17:20-22 that his followers would one just as he and the Father were one, that they would be in union with him and he in union with the Father.
So How are we to understand John 10:30? As part of a trinitarian formula? No, rather that Jesus and his father acted and spoke as one, in unison of thought and purpose just as he prayed for his followers to be one.
In fact Jesus says at John 14:28 that his father is greater than he.