Posted on 11/14/2002 9:13:31 AM PST by Diogenesis
GOTTA SEE THIS - War for Enduring Freedom 11/15/02 - Baghdad, Kabul, Mecca, Nablus, Ouzai
BREAKING: Baghdad Day celebration BREAKING: Calais Expulsion BREAKING: Egyptian Intelligence meets with Arafat the Egyptian BREAKING: Taking down terrorism in Nablus
Kabul, Mecca, Ouzai
========= Kabul =========
In Kabul, women are FREE because of the USA. Now for the second year!!
========= Baghdad, Iraq =========
In Baghdad, Iraq, at the Baghdad Day celebration.
In Baghdad, Iraq, at the National Theatere, the usual suspects assemble to watch
the dance celebration.
For those interested, from left: Arshad al-Zibari, Adnan al-Douri,
Mahmoud al-Ahmad, Saber al-Douri, Abdel-Munim Saleh, and Hasan al-Khattab.
In Baghdad, Iraq, at the Baghdad Day celebration soldiers must march.
In Baghdad, Iraq, new construction at UN HQ
In Baghdad, Iraq, downtown today.
========= Nahawan =========
In Nahawan, Iraq, south of Baghdad, at the brick factory, these girls live inside the brick factory
where they are forced to work in intolerable conditions.
========= Gaza =========
In Gaza, at the (ex-)bomb-making factory, Palestinian terrorists and
other officials, protect the area and salvage what they can from the destroyed bomb factory.
========= Nablus =========
In Nablus, IDF entered AFTER Arafat's evil terrorists murdered five Israelis
including two children.
In Nablus, young Palestinian children are encouraged to act as human shields and
pose for pictures (such as these). This abuse is directed by Arafat and the
other cowardly elders hidden in safety and warmth, as they direct others' children to
die for them, so as to hide their billions and billions of stolen dollars.
========= Ramallah =========
In Ramallah, serial murderer of Americans and Terrorist Arafat, the Egyptian
after meeting with Chinese envoy Wang Shi Jie who gives Red Chinese help to the murderer.
In Ramallah, serial murderer of Americans and Terrorist Arafat, the Egyptian,
greets the Head of Egyptian Intelligence, Omar Suleiman, who gives him salient support.
========= Egypt =========
In Cairo, Egypt, at the Khan el-Khalili market.
Egypt has been inciting war for years and now the merchants
detect smart and wealthier Westerners are staying away from Egypt.
========= Saudi Arabia =========
In Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, Abdullahs of Saud and Jordan.
In Mecca, Saudi Arabia, Jordan's Abdullah on his Umra pilgrimage.
========= Ouzai Lebanon =========
In Ouzai, south of Beirut, Lebanon, flood.
========= Tripoli Lebanon =========
In Tripoli, Lebanon, minor bomb damage to a Pizza Hut. No casualties.
========= Syria =========
In Damascus, Syria, the old quarter.
========= Calais =========
In Calais, France, French police evicted ~70 Iraqis and Afghanis from the church.
They were lured to the Red Cross entry point to the UK using the chunnel, but are
having trouble getting through. They were taken by bus, to where?
========= New York =========
In New York, the 1912 manuscript of Albert Einstein
deriving from special relativity the missing term E=MC2.
Breakthrough Could Lead to Faster Ships
By Rudi Williams
ARLINGTON, Va., Nov. 8, 2002 -- The idea's not ready for prime time, but Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency
researchers here have made a breakthrough that could mean
faster, longer-range ships and millions of dollars in fuel
savings.
DARPA program manager Lisa Porter said 14 teams are working
on reducing "friction drag" as ships sail through water.
Program participants include teams from, the universities
of Michigan, Delaware, Illinois and Washington (St. Louis,
Mo.); Stanford, Pennsylvania State, and Brown universities;
Texas A&M; and the Office of Naval Research.
There are different components of drag, but the program
Porter is leading focuses on "friction drag." "It's the
friction between the water and the ship's surface," she
explained. "As you move through the water, your ship is
dragging along a certain volume of water with it. That's
because you have friction between the water and the ship's
hull. And that's slowing you down."
As ships move through water, they create vortices that
cause drag. "When you think of a vortex, you might think of
a tornado and that's exactly analogous," Porter said.
"We're talking about little, tiny swirling motions that mix
up the flow and make it what we call turbulent."
Making ship's surfaces smoother was once considered as a
way to reduce friction drag. In practice, Porter said, "It
doesn't work too well because fouling and microorganisms
keep the surface from remaining smooth enough to make a
difference."
Decades of lab testing revealed that polymers and
"microbubbles" were promising technologies that might
reduce friction drag by as much as 80 percent. Up until
now, however, no one had figured out how to apply the
technologies to full-size ships, she said.
"What we're finding is, whether you add polymers or
bubbles, they interact with those vortices and weaken
them," Porter said.
Reducing friction drag by 60 percent would result in about
a 30 percent reduction in overall drag, said Porter, who
holds a bachelor's of science degree in nuclear engineering
from Massachusetts Institute of Technology and a doctorate
in applied physics from Stanford.
"What that means is it takes 30 percent less power to go
from point A to point B. That also means it takes 30
percent less fuel to get there." she said.
Reducing the fuel load by 30 percent would significantly
impact a ship traveling 7,000 to 8,000 nautical miles, she
said. Up to half of a ship's total tonnage is fuel. Using
less space for fuel makes room for more supplies and
materiel. Likewise, keep all the fuel and "you can go 30
percent further before you have to refuel, which becomes
very important operationally," Porter noted.
What the program isn't trying to do is create speedboats.
Porter said a meaningful increase in speed would require at
least a 50 percent reduction in friction drag. She said 30
percent overall drag reduction would only net about a 12 to
13 percent increase in speed.
"Some people have this vision of, oh, if you give us this
drag reduction, we can go from 30 to 100 knots," Porter
said. "DARPA is not claiming that, because it's not
physically possible to do that by reducing friction drag."
What researchers are so enthusiastic about is that DARPA is
undertaking a radically new approach in the friction drag
reduction program, she continued. A multiscale modeling
capability is being developed that will allow researchers
to run full-scale experiments on computers.
Computers make it easier to develop techniques that will
bring optimal results, according to Porter. For the first
time, for instance, computers have helped teams
realistically simulate polymers in turbulent flow, she
noted.
They've also learned that polymers that organize into
sheets or filaments can reduce friction drag dramatically,
she noted. Also for the first time, researchers have
learned that, like polymers, microbubbles must be located
within a very thin layer near the ship's hull to be
effective, she said.
In late fall, a near full-scale experiment will be run at
the Navy's Large Cavitation Channel in Memphis, Tenn., to
validate the large-scale models. The 1.4-million-gallon,
stainless steel tunnel is regularly used to test the
effects of water flow on ships, submarines, torpedoes, ship
propellers and the like.
"The test is going to be the largest microbubble experiment
ever done," she said.
Porter said the experiments are necessary because
researchers don't understand enough about what's going on
with polymers and microbubbles. She noted that they still
have many unanswered questions such as: What are the
polymers doing? What are the microbubbles doing? What are
the optimal bubble sizes? What kinds of injectors should be
used? How should we space them on the ship? Where should we
put them? Should we use polymers and bubbles together?
"We can't answer those questions if we don't understand the
physics," Porter noted. "DARPA's approach is, let's be
scientific. Let's tackle the physics and try to understand
what these things are doing. We need an engineering design
tool that tells us exactly how to implement these
additives."
She said before a lot of money is spent on a full-scale
experiment, that engineering design tool is needed so
experiments can be run on computers. And those results will
tell researchers what to build without wasting money on
something that doesn't work.
Porter is leaning toward pursuing an overall system like an
advanced hull form, such as a hydrofoil that gives 35 to 40
knots, coupled with friction drag reduction.
She said, today, the average speed for transit from the
United States to Saudi Arabia, for example, is about 20 to
25 knots. "The carriers, for example, can go faster, but
they don't because you can only go as fast as your slowest
ship. So if you can raise everybody else's speed to the
carrier's, you've actually accomplished something."
========= Eskimo Nebula, NGC 2392 =========
Eskimo Nebula, NGC 2392, 5000 light-years awayin the constellation of Gemini.
END OF TRANSMISSION 11/15/02 .......... K
How could I ever improve on your sentiments. I share them in spades. Also love the educational text you've added recently. We all owe you big time for these posts my good Diogenesis....
Ahhhhh..."Summerfest" envy??
...assuming there is such a thing.
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