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Putin’s ministry of truth: How the Kremlin has struggled to control what Russians think
The Mandarin ^ | Feb 23, 2022 | Robert Horvath

Posted on 02/23/2022 4:53:33 AM PST by tlozo

It is impossible to know what ordinary Russians think about Putin’s onslaught against Ukraine. Under conditions of increasing domestic repression, opinion polls are unreliable. On topics that are sensitive for the Kremlin, they are a guide to the level of popular fear, not to popular attitudes.

Nevertheless, there is little doubt that the Putin regime has invested vast resources in shaping the attitudes of its own people. Over the past two decades, it has created a sprawling apparatus of propaganda institutions that were built up, step by step, as Putin’s rule became more dictatorial.

The origins of this system can be traced to the ‘information wars’ of the 1990s, when oligarchs competed for influence by fabricating stories that defamed their rivals and political adversaries. Ultimately, many practitioners of these smear campaigns served the Putin regime as information warriors.

From the moment of his appointment to the presidency on New Year’s Eve 1999, Putin set out to control the chaotic information space left behind by Yeltsin’s decade of democracy. One of the new president’s first victims was the television station NTV, a bastion of independent news reporting, which had exposed atrocities in Chechnya and mocked him in a satirical puppet show.

A more fundamental transformation took place in the wake of Ukraine’s Orange Revolution of 2005. To insulate Russia against the contagion of pro-democracy protest, Putin unleashed a ‘preventive counter-revolution’ — a set of measures that were both repressive and mobilisational. On the one hand, many opposition activists found themselves on ‘Stop Lists,’ which barred them from appearing on television.

On the other hand, the state-mobilised anti-Western militants to create the illusion of popular support. These proxies ranged from pro-Kremlin youth movements like ‘Nashi’ (’Ours’) to football hooligans and neo-Nazis, whose purpose was to control public space by crowding out anti-regime protesters. Some of these groups also challenged the opposition’s sway over the internet by funding a small army of pro-regime bloggers.

At the same time, the authorities enlisted a cohort of loyalist ‘experts’, who came to dominate television commentary. In the political talk shows that served as the regime’s principal propaganda platforms, these experts enacted furious debates in which almost everything could be disputed except what mattered. Underlying their shadow-boxing was an authoritarian consensus that Putin was legitimate and that his opponents were Western pawns.

This system sustained Putin’s ascendancy until the final months of his interval as premier in 2011-12, when mass protests against fraud in parliamentary elections shook the foundations of the regime. The result was a renovation of the regime’s counter-revolutionary strategy. State propaganda, both on domestic television and on its international platforms like RT, became significantly more vitriolic. Its central narrative pitted a virtuous regime against a decadent, treasonous opposition. While the regime upheld Orthodox Christian values and the traditions of the Russian people, the opposition worked for Western paymasters and staged acts of blasphemy like Pussy Riot’s ‘punk prayer’ in Moscow’s Christ the Saviour Cathedral.

No less important was the upgrading of the Kremlin’s campaign to manipulate the internet. In 2013, the oligarch Evgenii Prigozhin (’Putin’s cook’) launched the Internet Research Agency (IRA), a troll factory that aimed to subvert the protest movement’s sway over social media. Working in 12-hour shifts, the IRA’s trolls created thousands of fake identities on Livejournal, Facebook, Vkontakte and Twitter. Their standard technique was to work in groups of three. One was the ‘provocateur,’ who expresses an idea critical of the authorities. The second disputes the criticism, and the third clinches the argument with supporting evidence and links.

This more aggressive approach helped the regime to regain control of the streets and to subjugate the protest movement. It also made possible the information war that the Kremlin unleashed during Ukraine’s Euromaidan revolution and Russia’s annexation of Crimea in 2014. As unmarked soldiers and Kremlin proxies flooded across the border, the Russian propaganda apparatus went into overdrive. In the studios of talk shows and on the keyboards of trolling factories, the message was the same: Ukraine had been taken over by neo-Nazis, Russians faced genocidal annihilation, and Putin’s critics were ‘national traitors.’

The Russian political scientist Kirill Rogov suggests the effect was not only the indoctrination of the gullible but also the intimidation of skeptics. According to him, the intensity of the regime’s war propaganda set in motion a ‘spiral of silence,’ a term coined by Elisabeth Noelle-Neumann to explain how dictatorships curtail free expression by reducing political debate to a choice between good and evil, between membership of the community and ostracism.

As the effects of this crisis dissipated, the Putin regime came to rely increasingly on repression. Using draconian legislation against ‘extremism’ and ‘foreign agents,’ it has pulverised the independent media and civil society. Many independent voices are now in jail or in exile. Censorship of the internet has been expanded by legislation forcing internet service providers to install equipment that enables the authorities to block content and reroute traffic.

But suppression is not persuasion. There is little evidence of popular enthusiasm for Putin’s rush to war. By now, Aleksei Navalny’s two-hour documentary investigation of Putin’s personal corruption and his grotesque ‘dictator kitsch’ palace at Gelendzhik has been viewed over 121 million times, making it the most-watched Russian language video on Youtube.

As Putin prepares for war and fulminates about Ukrainian Russophobes and neo-Nazis, he has more reason than ever to fear his own people.


TOPICS: Foreign Affairs; News/Current Events; Russia
KEYWORDS: putin; russia; ukraine
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1 posted on 02/23/2022 4:53:33 AM PST by tlozo
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To: tlozo

Gosh. I’m glad things are so different here. [/s]


2 posted on 02/23/2022 4:55:30 AM PST by ClearCase_guy (Weak people see themselves as victims; such people should not be in charge of anything.)
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To: All

Good thing this would never happen here in America


3 posted on 02/23/2022 4:56:10 AM PST by escapefromboston (Free Chauvin)
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To: ClearCase_guy; escapefromboston

4 posted on 02/23/2022 5:02:01 AM PST by Travis McGee (EnemiesForeignAndDomestic.com)
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To: escapefromboston

Link takes you to the “brutal ration” at the CBS story.

https://twitter.com/CBSNews/status/1496311351827910657

American Pravda at its finest.


5 posted on 02/23/2022 5:02:47 AM PST by Travis McGee (EnemiesForeignAndDomestic.com)
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To: ClearCase_guy

6 posted on 02/23/2022 5:04:02 AM PST by Travis McGee (EnemiesForeignAndDomestic.com)
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To: tlozo

Ain’t you glad we have so much more freedom in the good ol’ USA? Sure would be terrible if we had a news media that argues everything but what is important, puts out propaganda instead of news, and tells us our biggest threat is neo-Nazis. Sure would be terrible if we jailed our dissidents and were fed lies in order to justify our wars.... </s>


7 posted on 02/23/2022 5:06:42 AM PST by freebilly
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To: tlozo
Biden's ministry of truth: How DC has struggled to control what Americans think
8 posted on 02/23/2022 5:06:47 AM PST by MarvinStinson (ji)
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To: ClearCase_guy
Gosh. I’m glad things are so different here. [/s]

Well, when we have President-for-life Biden, like they have President-for-life Putin I will agree with you. Regards.

9 posted on 02/23/2022 5:25:52 AM PST by tlozo
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To: tlozo

“Under conditions of increasing domestic repression, opinion polls are unreliable.”

It must be horrible to live in a place like that Lol /s


10 posted on 02/23/2022 5:56:58 AM PST by DesertRhino (Dogs are called man's best friend. Moslems hate dogs. Add it up....)
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To: DesertRhino
It must be horrible to live in a place like that Lol /s

Attacks on US democracy is important. How on the other hand you can support President-for-life-Putin is incomprehensible.

11 posted on 02/23/2022 6:02:59 AM PST by tlozo
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To: tlozo
Nevertheless, there is little doubt that the Putin regime has invested vast resources in shaping the attitudes of its own people. Over the past two decades, it has created a sprawling apparatus of propaganda institutions that were built up, step by step, as Putin’s rule became more dictatorial...One of the new president’s first victims was the television station NTV, a bastion of independent news reporting...many opposition activists found themselves on ‘Stop Lists,’ which barred them from appearing on television....On the other hand, the state-mobilised anti-Western militants to create the illusion of popular support. These proxies ranged from pro-Kremlin youth movements like ‘Nashi’ (’Ours’) to football hooligans and neo-Nazis, whose purpose was to control public space by crowding out anti-regime protesters. Some of these groups also challenged the opposition’s sway over the internet by funding a small army of pro-regime bloggers.

At the same time, the authorities enlisted a cohort of loyalist ‘experts’, who came to dominate television commentary...No less important was the upgrading of the Kremlin’s campaign to manipulate the internet...Their standard technique was to work in groups of three. One was the ‘provocateur,’ who expresses an idea critical of the authorities. The second disputes the criticism, and the third clinches the argument with supporting evidence and links.

Using draconian legislation against ‘extremism’ and ‘foreign agents,’ it has pulverised the independent media and civil society. Many independent voices are now in jail or in exile. Censorship of the internet has been expanded by legislation forcing internet service providers to install equipment that enables the authorities to block content and reroute traffic. - https://www.themandarin.com.au/182341-putins-ministry-of-truth/

Increasing seen here, while FR has Putin supporters.

12 posted on 02/23/2022 6:34:48 AM PST by daniel1212 ( Turn to the Lord Jesus as a damned+destitute sinner, trust Him to save + be baptized + follow Him!)
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To: tlozo

TROLL ALERT! TROLL ALERT! AAAOOOGAH! TROL ALERT!


13 posted on 02/23/2022 6:37:52 AM PST by Flavious_Maximus (Fauci is a murderer)
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To: All
The Mandarin: (barf)

Dedicated to Australia’s Public Sector.

The public sector plays a critical and sometimes underappreciated role in this country. It needs strong and independent news coverage, and a place where its leaders can discuss the issues they face at the coalface of modern bureaucracy.

That’s where we come in. The Mandarin is made for public sector leaders and executives and reaches 1.5 million public sector readers and the many stakeholders interested in their work each year.

Put simply, we deliver the news and analysis that the public sector reads every day.

14 posted on 02/23/2022 6:38:11 AM PST by mac_truck (aide toi et dieu t'aidera )
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To: freebilly

“and were fed lies in order to justify our wars....”

I don’t remember the LSM lying to justify our wars. If anything, I remember them doing the exact opposite, lying to justify retreating from our enemy and letting them have the country on a silver platter like in Vietnam and the Middle East.


15 posted on 02/23/2022 6:50:29 AM PST by otness_e
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To: tlozo
What You Need to Know About Russia:

Putin = Bad
Biden = Good

16 posted on 02/23/2022 7:01:55 AM PST by Karl Spooner
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To: Karl Spooner
What You Need to Know About Russia: Putin = Bad Biden = Good

I'm not sure why both can't be bad.

17 posted on 02/23/2022 7:08:32 AM PST by tlozo
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To: Karl Spooner

Only half agree there: Putin = Bad. But Biden =/= Good. I’d say both are bad. Both are commies. Both need to be wiped out. Xi as well.


18 posted on 02/23/2022 7:21:32 AM PST by otness_e
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To: Travis McGee

I think you mean brutal ratio. For those who don’t know, in the twitterverse getting ratioed, is when replies to a tweet vastly outnumber likes or retweets. This means people are objecting to the tweet and considering its content bad.


19 posted on 02/23/2022 10:15:39 AM PST by pluvmantelo (CRT-Dindunuffinism with a Marxist facade)
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To: tlozo

Are you an American? You are the one supporting DC and Biden and their agenda. I do not see loyalty to the Kiev government as a test of American patriotism. I am having a hard time thinking of a DC Junta policy I actually support.

So whatever. Don’t expect me to get all wrapped around the axle over your old world bloodlands disputes. You do you boo.


20 posted on 02/23/2022 12:12:57 PM PST by DesertRhino (Dogs are called man's best friend. Moslems hate dogs. Add it up....)
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