Posted on 06/26/2013 3:04:40 PM PDT by LibWhacker
A license-plate reader mounted on a San Leandro Police Department car can log thousands of plates in an eight-hour patrol shift. “It works 100 times better than driving around looking for license plates with our eyes,” says police Lt. Randall Brandt.
Credit: Michael Katz-Lacabe
When the city of San Leandro, Calif., purchased a license-plate reader for its police department in 2008, computer security consultant Michael Katz-Lacabe asked the city for a record of every time the scanners had photographed his car.
The results shocked him.
The paperback-size device, installed on the outside of police cars, can log thousands of license plates in an eight-hour patrol shift. Katz-Lacabe said it had photographed his two cars on 112 occasions, including one image from 2009 that shows him and his daughters stepping out of his Toyota Prius in their driveway.
That photograph, Katz-Lacabe said, made him “frightened and concerned about the magnitude of police surveillance and data collection.” The single patrol car in San Leandro equipped with a plate reader had logged his car once a week on average, photographing his license plate and documenting the time and location.
At a rapid pace, and mostly hidden from the public, police agencies throughout California have been collecting millions of records on drivers and feeding them to intelligence fusion centers operated by local, state and federal law enforcement.
An image captured by a license-plate reader in 2009 shows Katz-Lacabe and his daughters stepping out of a car in their driveway. The photograph made Katz-Lacabe “frightened and concerned about the magnitude of police surveillance and data collection,” he says.
Credit: San Leandro Police Department photo courtesy of Michael Katz-Lacabe
With heightened concern over secret intelligence operations at the National Security Agency, the localized effort to track drivers highlights the extent to which the government has committed to collecting large amounts of data on people who have done nothing wrong.
A year ago, the Northern California Regional Intelligence Center – one of dozens of law enforcement intelligence-sharing centers set up after the terrorist attacks of Sept. 11, 2001 – signed a $340,000 agreement with the Silicon Valley firm Palantir to construct a database of license-plate records flowing in from police using the devices across 14 counties, documents and interviews show.
The extent of the center’s data collection has never been revealed. Neither has the involvement of Palantir, a Silicon Valley firm with extensive ties to the Pentagon and intelligence agencies. The CIA’s venture capital fund, In-Q-Tel, has invested $2 million in the firm.
The jurisdictions supplying license-plate data to the intelligence center stretch from Monterey County to the Oregon border. According to contract documents, the database will be capable of handling at least 100 million records and be accessible to local and state law enforcement across the region.
Law enforcement agencies throughout Northern California will be able to access the data, as will state and federal authorities.
In the Bay Area, at least 32 government agencies use license-plate readers. The city of Piedmont decided to install them along the border with Oakland, and the Marin County enclave of Tiburon placed plate scanners and cameras on two roads leading into and out of town.
Law enforcement agencies throughout the region also have adopted the technology. Police in Daly City, Milpitas and San Francisco have signed agreements to provide data from plate readers to the Northern California Regional Intelligence Center. A Piedmont document indicates that city is also participating, along with Oakland, Walnut Creek, Alameda and the California Highway Patrol.
Katz-Lacabe said he believes the records of his movements are too revealing for someone who has done nothing wrong. With the technology, he said, “you can tell who your friends are, who you hang out with, where you go to church, whether you’ve been to a political meeting.”
Lt. Randall Brandt of the San Leandro police said, “It’s new technology, we’re learning as we go, but it works 100 times better than driving around looking for license plates with our eyes.”
The intelligence center database will store license-plate records for up to two years, regardless of data retention limits set by local police departments.
Many cities use license-plate readers to enforce parking restrictions or identify motorists who run red lights. Police in New York City have used the readers to catch car thieves and scan parking lots to identify motorists with open warrants.
In California, Long Beach police detectives used scanner data to arrest five people in a 2010 homicide. Plate readers in Tiburon identified celebrity chef Guy Fieri’s yellow Lamborghini in March 2011, which allegedly had been stolen from a San Francisco dealership by a teenager who embarked on a crime spree two years ago and now faces attempted murder charges.
Sid Heal, a retired commander with the Los Angeles County Sheriff’s Department, oversaw the adoption of plate readers in his agency in the mid-2000s. Heal recalled the dramatic uptick the plate readers made in the auto theft unit’s productivity.
“We found 10 stolen vehicles on the first weekend in 2005 with our antitheft teams,” Heal said. “I had a hit within 45 minutes.”
Before, Heal said, police had to call license plates in to a dispatcher and wait to have the car verified as stolen. Plate readers, Heal said, “are lightning fast in comparison” and allow officers to run up to 1,200 plates an hour, as opposed to 20 to 50 plates per day previously.
But Jennifer Lynch, a staff attorney at the Electronic Frontier Foundation, said the Northern California database raises significant privacy concerns. “Because so many people in the Bay Area are mobile, it makes it that much more possible to track people from county to county,” Lynch said.
In May, the Electronic Frontier Foundation, along with the American Civil Liberties Union of Southern California, sued the Los Angeles County Sheriff’s and Los Angeles Police departments for a week of data gathered and retained in a multiagency network. For now, it’s unknown which agency administers the Los Angeles database, how many agencies contribute or have access to the database, how many records the system retains or how long they are kept.
In San Diego, 13 federal and local law enforcement agencies have compiled more than 36 million license-plate scans in a regional database since 2010 with the help of federal homeland security grants. The San Diego Association of Governments maintains the database. Unlike the Northern California database, which retains the data for between one and two years, the San Diego system retains license-plate information indefinitely.
“License-plate data is clearly identifiable to specific individuals,” said Lee Tien, a senior staff attorney at the Electronic Frontier Foundation. “This is like having your barcode tracked.”
Few limits on license-plate data
License-plate readers are not subject to the same legal restrictions as GPS devices that can be used to track an individual's movements. The U.S. Supreme Court ruled unanimously last year that lengthy GPS tracking constitutes a Fourth Amendment search and may require a warrant.
But plate readers might not fall under such rulings if police successfully argue that motorists have no “reasonable expectation of privacy” while driving on public roads.
Then-California state Sen. Joe Simitian, D-Palo Alto, introduced a bill last year that would have required California police to purge license-plate data after 60 days and applied that rule to companies that collect such data. Law enforcement and private businesses involved in the technology resisted, and the bill died.
“Do we really want to maintain a database that tracks personal movements of law-abiding citizens in perpetuity? That’s the fundamental question here,” said Simitian, now a Santa Clara County supervisor. “Larger and larger amounts of data collected over longer periods of time provide a very detailed look at the personal movements of private citizens.”
While some law enforcement agencies, like the California Highway Patrol, have their own data retention guidelines for license-plate scanners, Simitian said there still is no larger policy that protects the privacy of Californians on the road.
“Public safety and privacy protection are not mutually exclusive,” he said. “There's a balance to be struck, and most people understand that.”
Heal, the retired sheriff’s commander, said that absent clear legal limits on license-plate readers, law enforcement agencies will continue to expand their ability to gather such information.
“A lot of the guidance on this technology – the court doctrine – is nonexistent,” Heal said. “Until that guidance comes, law enforcement is in an exploratory mode.”
I'm still wondering why one needs "licenses" for themselves and their vehicles to peaceably travel from place to place.
I thought wars were fought and won over this.
“........But plate readers might not fall under such rulings if police successfully argue that motorists have no “reasonable expectation of privacy” while driving on public roads.........”
Maybe not - but there is at least one picture of a guy and his kids getting out of his car in a driveway.
Last time I looked a driveway is not a public road.
A friend of mine in California told me that he has seen California Highway Patrol cars driving through the parking lot at the Cabela’s outside of Reno several times now. They drive up and down the rows of cars recording who is shopping at Cabela’s.
Where they can keep this information forever it creates a database of people who shop at a gun shop. And a lot of Californians buy their ammo and etc. in Nevada to avoid California’s various ammunition registration schemes.
Why no, Officer, I don't object to my license plate picture being taken. What's that? Database problems? Sorry to hear that...
I’m in general agreement with the “reasonable expectation of privacy” in the context in which it originated. Potential for occasional to frequent observation when you’re in public. But with the kind of high-bandwidth, high-penetration tech existed then that exists today, I think they’re sort of sneaking through a loophole: what would be more than reasonable in the original context is oppressively intrusive when applied with this degree of coverage. AND handy for potential tyrants, which is reason enough to prohibit it, even if it were otherwise perfectly legitimate. The ways in which this kind of stuff is being deployed is making a hollow shell of the fourth amendment, and should be severely curtailed or eliminated (and I don’t mean by the use of procedural “safeguards”, I mean physically).
Exactly! When people rode horses, neither driver nor vehicle was required to be licensed. Add an IC engine and suddenly [they "think"] what was once a right is now a "privilege" (even tons of FReepers buy this).
Bull feces. If the switch to the new tech couldn't be made without vast new powers being lorded over the goobermint's masters, including requiring permission simply to employ it, then it simply wasn't ready for prime time, and should not have been adopted, period. The excuse they use is that the roads are "public". I could have a long discussion on that topic, but don't have the time at the moment.
The systems that I know of scan a tag number against a database of stolen cars, wanted felons, someone wanted for questioning, and amber alerts that is loaded at each shift since the info is always changing.
These systems only snap a pic of the vehicle if it recognizes a tag that was flagged in the system, and displays that image on the screen in the patrol car so the officer can go back and find that vehicle easier.
All of the other tag numbers that are queried against the database are not stored, and those images that do get stored are deleted once whatever issue that caused the tag to be flagged is resolved. The solid state drives used get wiped at the end of the shift before a new database is installed for the next shift.
Uh, no, it works with 100 times more fascist efficiency as humans.
In the real world, the one occupied by real people with real jobs, fascist efficiency != good.
You might want to contemplate the impact of the communist-inspired Social Security Act. Before it became law, people were anonymous to Big Brother. Now, everyone is a number in his data base. It signaled the end of privacy in America.
Used to be a cop. A few friends were assigned to the Auto Theft Unit when these things first rolled out. Every day, someone in the unit would go to a website ran by the insurance companies and they would download all the newly reported stolen cars onto a thumb drive and then dump that info into the laptops. In Atlanta, at the time, it was only for stolen vehicles/plates, car jacked vehicles.
What the company sells: These machines can be on cars; in traffic cones; on street posts. They said that with just the fines from “no insurance tickets” the machine could pay for itself in a few months. They can program the computers to do whatever they want. They can just look for stolen cars/plates, wanted persons, no insurance, no registration.
Basically, one big fishing expedition. Not unlike out government collecting all that data w/ the NSA, one could guess.
In Atlanta, and a lot of other places, there are dozens of cars equipped with these devices. Weird thing is, most cities have ‘no chase policies’ in place for everything except violent/forcible felonies. So, stolen cars don’t get chased anymore like they did back in the day. Too much liability.
Your government hard at work protecting and serving its citizens.
I-10 and I-15 have cameras mounted on poles in the Center Divide from LA to the state borders of NV an AZ. These cameras are not Traffic Cams.
Anyone seen them on I-80 from SF to NV?
Can they be jammed or thwarted?
They do that all over California. You can actually see their feeds from the web:
“Can they be jammed or thwarted?”
When you park your car just be sure to put on the car cover so it hides your plate. Nothing illegal about that at all.
No idea what to do about it when you’re driving.
LMAO. Post of the day.
The easy solution to this is to invent removeable license plate covers. So long as your vehicle isn’t moving and you aren’t behind the wheel, the plates don’t have to show. You can cover them all you want.
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