Many more applications for this will surface.
What to do when such devices work better than real organs. Will they recommend replacement or force it on your kids? Why not? And will Medicaid cover it?
bttt
I can think of a few more parts that might benefit from nanotech augmentation - like carbon nanofiber-strengthened bones.
Although this certainly can be a life-saver, it still doesn't replace the kidneys. In addition to filtering wastes, the kidneys are responsible for blood production (they manufacture Erythropoeitin), regulate calcium metablism (important for bone development/maintainance), and regulate numerous other minerals/electrolytes. An artificial kidney does none of this; that is why a transplant is the gold standard for treatment of End Stage Renal Disease. Hopefully, science will someday be able to "manufacture" a replacement kidney (and other vital organs) from stem cells (adult/non-embryonic).
fyi