[PhiKapMom]

Since the likely culprit was the insulation that came off and hit the wing and tiles, how could the insulation just have come off on launch?

[DWPittelli]

how could the insulation just have come off on launch?

Since the main fuel is liquid hydrogen, ice buildup is common on the tanks; the ice breaks off in chunks due to the vibration and/or wind early in the launch.

[isthisnickcool]

Since the likely culprit was the insulation that came off and hit the wing and tiles, how could the insulation just have come off on launch?

I don't know the answer to that. But no matter the technical explanation the bottom line is human error. Faulty design, inadequate maintenance or a reaction to previously unidentified environmental problems such as cold or moisture may have been factors. Somebody put something together that was not supposed to fall apart an hit something that was not supposed to be hit by it. IE: The left wing.

No matter the cause of the insulation coming off the botom line is that debris hit the left wing and hit it hard. If all I had to debug this problem is the following video I might not look a heck of a lot further. See for yourself:

Slow Motion Video