Anomalous LENR effects and its justification based on the method of coherent correlated states

Kiev National Shevchenko University, Ukraine ^ | June 2020 | Vladimir Vysotskii

[Kevmo]

Vysotskii: Anomalous LENR effects and its justification based on the method of coherent correlated states

Vladimir Vysotskii , Mykhaylo Vysotskyy

Kiev National Shevchenko University, Ukraine; e-mail: vivysotskii@gmail.com

A number of successful LENR experiments in a few last years and their qualified independent analysis (e.g., Lugano expertise 2014) confirm a high efficiency of low-energy reactions without any exotic optimization methods and simultaneously indicate the necessity of the development of their adequate theoretical model.

This model should justify the efficiency of these reactions and explain a number of anomalies observed in such reactions:

a) very large probability at low energies of particles; b) complete absence of radioactive isotopes in reaction products; c) very strong suppression of gamma radiation, which should inevitably accompany these reactions according to the standard concepts and practice of high-energy nuclear physics.

Numerous independent attempts to develop highly specialized variants of the theory of such processes each applicable only to a particular experiment, a particular pair of interacting nuclei, and a particular type of an active material medium (gas, plasma, liquid, amorphous, or crystal medium) were focused only on the search for a mechanism responsible for their high probability and did not concern the other LENR anomalies.

We believe that all these processes should occur through a common universal mechanism, which makes it possible not only to describe all detected anomalies in the studied reactions at low energies, but also to predict the properties of similar reactions involving other nuclei in other media under other experimental conditions.

In [1–12], it was shown that low energies of interacting particles could be combined with a high probability of the tunnel effect (and, as a result, with a high total probability of corresponding nuclear reactions) owing to the use of coherent correlated states of these particles. Such states are formed through the self-similar establishment of optimal phase relations between different eigenfunctions of the superposition state of a particle through monotonic unidirectional [1-5], periodic [4– 12] or instantaneous [9,10] change in the parameters of a weak external force field determining the superposition state of this particle.

A typical example of such an action is the modulation of the parameters of a harmonic oscillator acting on the particle under consideration. Such an oscillator can be formed, e.g., in nonstationary microcracks in metal hydrides [4-6], when a charged particle is subjected to a natural or laboratory pulsed magnetic field [10], the corresponding crystal matrix containing interacting nuclei is irradiated by weak terahertz radiation [5-9], and slow protons move through the crystal matrix or in the field of free molecules [11].

These states are most clearly characterized by the Robertson–Schrodinger uncertainty relations for coordinate and momentum as well as for energy and time

* * 2 2 2 / 2, / 1 , { /2 } / pq pq pq  q p r G r qp pq q p q p                * * 2 2 2 / 2, / 1 , { /2 }/  E t r G r Et tE E t E t                Et Et Et

taking into account the corresponding correlation coefficients

( | |,| | 1 pq Et r r  ) and coefficients of correlation efficiency 0 ,    G G pq Et

. In the above physical systems under real experiment conditions, these coefficients reach values 4 , 10 G G pq Et  , which ensures the existence of very large energy fluctuations  E keV  30...100 at low ambient temperature and anomalous long duration of existence of such fluctuations.

In the report it is shown that the correct interpretation of these relations combined with detail analysis of the time and energy characteristics of any LENR involving the tunnel effect allows the unified quantitative explanation of both a high probability of such reactions at low energies and a fundamental difference (including the exclusion of the formation of daughter radioactive isotopes and the suppression of accompanying gamma radiation) in nuclear reactions involving charged particles at low average energies of interacting particles [13].

1. V. I. Vysotskii, S. V. Adamenko, Tech. Phys. 55, 613 (2010).

2. V. I. Vysotskii, M. V. Vysotskyy, S. V. Adamenko, J. Exp. Theor. Phys. 114, 243 (2012).

3. V. I. Vysotskii, S. V. Adamenko, M. V. Vysotskyy, J. Exp. Theor. Phys. 115, 551 (2012).

4. V. I. Vysotskii, M. V. Vysotskyy, Eur. Phys. J. A 49,99 (2013).

5. V. I. Vysotskii, S. V. Adamenko, M. V. Vysotskyy,Ann. Nucl. Energy 62, 618 (2013).

6. V. I. Vysotskii, M. V. Vysotskyy, J. Exp. Theor.Phys. 118, 534 (2014).

7. V. I. Vysotskii, M. V. Vysotskyy, J. Exp. Theor.Phys. 121, 559 (2015). 8. V. I. Vysotskii, M. V. Vysotskyy, Curr. Sci. 108, 524 (2015).

9. V. I. Vysotskii, M. V. Vysotskyy, J. Exp. Theor. Phys. 120, 246 (2015).

10. V. I. Vysotskii, M. V. Vysotskyy, J. Exp. Theor. Phys. 125, 195 (2017).

11. V. I. Vysotskii, M. V. Vysotskyy, S. Bartalucci, J. Exp. Theor. Phys. 127, 479 (2018).

12. S. Bartalucci, V. I. Vysotskii, M. V. Vysotskyy, Physical Review AB, 22, # 5, 054503 (2019).

13. V. I. Vysotskii, M. V. Vysotskyy, J. Exp. Theor. Phys. 128, 856 (2019). 66

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Vysotskii: Formation, evolution, collapse and application of correlated packets in LENR experiments

Vladimir Vysotskii , Mykhaylo Vysotskyy

Kiev National Shevchenko University, Ukraine; e-mail: vivysotskii@gmail.com

The “traditional” method of the analysis of the processes of interaction of slow moving particles (including LENR) is based on their description in the form of unbounded in space plane waves. A more correct analysis of such processes can be made in the case of describing particles in the form of bounded (Gaussian) normalized wave packets with the full wave function

( , ) x t , initial structure 2 | ( ,0) |  x and initial spatial width t 0 x u    : 1/2 2 0 2 2 2 2 4 ( ) ( , ) ( ) exp 2 (1 / ) uncorr it x v t x t u mu u t m u                         ,   1/2 2 2 2 2 / | ( ,0) | e x u uncorr x u      . Such packets have constant velocity 0 v , momentum 0 p mv  and energy 2 0 T mv  / 2 .

During their space-time evolution synchronous decrease of amplitude and widening of the spatial width 2 2    x u t mu ( / ) occur (see Fig., upper row). These packets correspond to uncorrelated states of particles.

For LENR experiments more efficient are coherent correlated packets with initial and full wave functions:

  2 1/4 2 2 0 ( ,0) ( ) exp / 2 / corr x u x g u ip x       ; g i  1  ; 2 2 2 2 2 1/2 0 0 0 2 2 2 2 2 4 ( ) / (2 ) / ( , ) ( / ) exp 2 (1 / ) corr x v t g i g x t mu mv x v t u x t u it g mu u g t m u                              .

Such packets are characterized by correlation coefficient 2 r     / 1 and they have identical to 2 | ( ,0) | uncorr  x initial space structure.

The space-time evolution of correlated packet is shown in the Fig. (lower row). The motion of a correlated packet leads to its spatial collapse (spontaneous supercompression) over time 2 2 / (1 ) collapse t mu     in a distant area collapse collapse 0 x v t  .

This collapse is characterized by a significant decrease of the packet width from the initial value t 0 x u    to a minimum value 2 min     x u u / 1  in the case the coefficient of correlation efficiency 2 G     1 1 [1-6].

Immediately after the collapse the width of wave packet quickly increases collapse / t t x tG mu    and its amplitude very quickly decreases.

These features allow the use such coherent correlated states for a targeted localized action. Another important characteristic of the correlated packet is connected with its energy. In our previous works it was shown that the momentum dispersion

  2 2 2 2 2 2 2 | | /2 / 2 p      p p g u G u

and the corresponding rms fluctuation of the kinetic energy

2 2 2 / 2 / 4 T m G mu p    

of correlated packet sharply increases with an increase of correlation efficiency coefficient.

For example, if the proton is represented as a wave packet with a longitudinal size u nm  0.1 , in the uncorrelated state the energy fluctuation of such moving packet is limited to 3 T eV uncorr 10   and in the correlated state with realistic value 4 G 10 [1-6] it increases to 100 T keV corr  

! Such energy significantly exceeds the average energy 2 0 T mv  / 2 of proton longitudinal slow motion in LENR experiments, where average energy can be equal to several units or tens of eV [6,7].

The report also presents several possible methods for the formation of correlated states of slow particles with a high correlation efficiency coefficient (for example the case of motion in a periodic weak magnetic field [4,5]).

Evolution of uncorrelated wave packet x t0 = 0 < t1 < t2 < t3 < t4 < t5 < t6 < t7 < t8

Evolution of correlated wave packet x

tcollapse 67

1. V. I. Vysotskii, M. V. Vysotskyy, Eur. Phys. J. A 49, 99 (2013).

2. V. I. Vysotskii, S. V. Adamenko, M. V. Vysotskyy, Ann. Nucl. Energy 62, 618 (2013).

3. V. I. Vysotskii, M. V. Vysotskyy, Curr. Sci. 108, 524 (2015).

4. V. I. Vysotskii, M. V. Vysotskyy, J. Exp. Theor. Phys. 120, 246 (2015).

5. V. I. Vysotskii, M. V. Vysotskyy, J. Exp. Theor.Phys. 125, 195 (2017).

6. V. I. Vysotskii, M. V. Vysotskyy, S. Bartalucci,J. Exp. Theor. Phys. 127, 479 (2018).

7. S. Bartalucci, V. I. Vysotskii, M. V. Vysotskyy, Physical Review AB, 22, # 5, 054503 (2019).

[Kevmo]

Lots of equations, they don't translate well from PDF file.

[Kevmo]

for the cold fusion ping list

[blueunicorn6]

Ahhhh…..

Yes…..

I see…..

There’s no arguing with that…..

Maybe I need more coffee…..

[Wonder Warthog]

The Cold Fusion/LENR Ping List

http://www.freerepublic.com/tag/coldfusion/index?tab=articles

Keywords: ColdFusion; LENR; lanr; CMNS
chat—science

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http://lenr-canr.org/

Vortex-L
http://tinyurl.com/pxtqx3y

Best book to get started on this subject:
EXCESS HEAT
Why Cold Fusion Research Prevailed by Charles Beaudette

https://www.abebooks.com/9780967854809/Excess-Heat-Why-Cold-Fusion-0967854806/plp

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https://freerepublic.com/focus/f-news/3928396/posts

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[DannyTN]

That’s a lot of Vysotskii’s.

Possibly a world record for one article.

[ckilmer]

I’m seeing more of these experiments on lenr and its variants. Is this because you are posting more or because the pace of the research is picking up. also, the research seems to be coming from an increasingly diverse number of players. again is this because the posters here at fr are pulling from more sources or because the research is catching on in more labs.

[Kevmo]

It’s both. I’m posting more, and there is more going on — the field is slowly opening up.