Posted on 02/23/2019 10:11:35 PM PST by blueplum
(snip) ...Scientists are working to develop refillable, or so-called flow, batteries that can be refueled in minutes at a vast network of converted gas stations. It’s a shift that could make electric vehicles (EVs) more attractive to drivers who are wary of long charging times.
“You drive 300 miles, drain your tank and pump in new [liquid] — as long as it would take to fill your car with gasoline — and drive off,” says John Cushman, a professor of earth and atmospheric sciences and mathematics at Purdue and a leading researcher on liquid battery technology.
(Excerpt) Read more at nbcnews.com ...
Lead sulfate covers one set of plates in a dead battery, a coating which hardens with time. Some commercial chargers blast higher voltage at low amps through the battery to fracture the hard crust and initiate a charge. If successful, most of the sulfur dissolves and once more forms diluted sulfuric acid electrolyte.
A charged starter battery always has dense electrolyte with a specific gravity about one-quarter higher than water. Dead battery has dilute acidic water left inside, which freezes more easily.
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