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MARSHALL SEES VICTORY CERTAIN, BUT BARS UNDUE LOSS OF LIVES (9/8/43)
Microfilm-New York Times archives, Monterey Public Library | 9/8/43 | Sidney Shalett, Milton Bracker, Frederick Graham, Frank L. Kluckhohn, Hanson W. Baldwin

Posted on 09/08/2013 5:25:32 AM PDT by Homer_J_Simpson

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TOPICS: History
KEYWORDS: milhist; realtime; worldwarii
Free Republic University, Department of History presents World War II Plus 70 Years: Seminar and Discussion Forum
First session: September 1, 2009. Last date to add: September 2, 2015.
Reading assignment: New York Times articles delivered daily to students on the 70th anniversary of original publication date. (Previously posted articles can be found by searching on keyword “realtime” Or view Homer’s posting history .)
To add this class to or drop it from your schedule notify Admissions and Records (Attn: Homer_J_Simpson) by freepmail. Those on the Realtime +/- 70 Years ping list are automatically enrolled. Course description, prerequisites and tuition information is available at the bottom of Homer’s profile. Also visit our general discussion thread.
1 posted on 09/08/2013 5:25:32 AM PDT by Homer_J_Simpson
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To: Homer_J_Simpson
Selections from West Point Atlas for the Second World War
Soviet Summer and Fall Offensives: Operations, 17 July-1 December 1943
New Guinea Force Operations: Capture of Salamaua and Lae, 29 June-16 September 1943
Allied Invasion of Italy and Operations to 25 September 1943, Planned German Delaying Positions
The Far East and the Pacific, 1941: Status of Forces and Allied Theater Boundaries, 2 July 1942
India-Burma, 1942: Allied Lines of Communication, 1942-1943
Cartwheel, the Seizure of the Gilberts and Marshalls, and Concurrent Air and Naval Operations, 30 June 1943-26 April 1944
2 posted on 09/08/2013 5:26:12 AM PDT by Homer_J_Simpson ("Every nation has the government that it deserves." - Joseph de Maistre (1753-1821))
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To: Homer_J_Simpson
Both these excerpts are continued from September 5.

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Winston S. Churchill, Closing the Ring

3 posted on 09/08/2013 5:26:53 AM PDT by Homer_J_Simpson ("Every nation has the government that it deserves." - Joseph de Maistre (1753-1821))
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To: Homer_J_Simpson
V-Mail from Camp Cable, Australia.

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4 posted on 09/08/2013 5:28:24 AM PDT by Homer_J_Simpson ("Every nation has the government that it deserves." - Joseph de Maistre (1753-1821))
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To: r9etb; PzLdr; dfwgator; Paisan; From many - one.; rockinqsranch; 2banana; henkster; meandog; ...
Reviews War Pace (Shalett) – 2-4
Points Made by Marshall – 2
War News Summarized – 4
The Distribution of United States Troops throughout the World as Reported by the Chief of Staff (map) – 5
Palmi is Captured (Bracker) – 6
Montgomery and His Men in Reggio Calabria (page 1 photo) – 7
Huge German Toll Listed by Moscow – 8
RAF Rocks Munich; Day Raids Step Up (Graham) – 9
‘The Germans Asked for It,’ Londoners Say; City Watches in Grim Joy as RAF Goes Out – 9
Allies Closing In on Enemy at Lae (Kluckhohn) – 10
M’Arthur Directs Attack from Bomber (photo) – 11
The Texts of the Day’s Communiques on the Fighting in Various War Zones – 12-14
Nazi Withdrawal in East (Baldwin) – 14
5 posted on 09/08/2013 5:30:02 AM PDT by Homer_J_Simpson ("Every nation has the government that it deserves." - Joseph de Maistre (1753-1821))
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To: Homer_J_Simpson

http://www.onwar.com/chrono/1943/sep1943/f08sep43.htm

Italy surrenders to the Allies
Wednesday, September 8, 1943 www.onwar.com

Badogoglio announces the Italian surrender [photo at link]

In Rome... Italian General Badoglio publicly announces the Italian surrender. The Italian Fleet (3 battleships, 6 cruisers, 9 destroyers) leaves port, from La Spezia and Genoa, to surrender to the Allies.

In Italy... The British 8th Army captures Locri and takes Pizzo in an amphibious operation.

On the Eastern Front... Soviet forces occupy Stalino as well as Yasinovataya nearby and Krasnoarmeisk.

In the Solomon Islands... American and Japanese reinforcements arrive on Arundel. Fighting continues.

In New Guinea... Australian forces advancing on Lae from the east capture Saingaua but are held by Japanese resistance at Busu River. The Japanese begin to withdraw from Salamaua under Australian pressure. For US destroyers shell Lae.


6 posted on 09/08/2013 5:31:10 AM PDT by Homer_J_Simpson ("Every nation has the government that it deserves." - Joseph de Maistre (1753-1821))
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To: Homer_J_Simpson

http://www.etherit.co.uk/month/thismonth/08.htm

September 8th, 1943 (WEDNESDAY)

UNITED KINGDOM: The US Eighth Air Force’s VIII Air Support Command in England flies Missions 53 and 54 against targets in France.
(1) 68 B-26B bomb Nord Airfield at Lille at 0922 hours.
2) 68 B-26s bomb Vendeville Airfield at Lille at 1011-1013 hours; 1 B-26 is lost. 68 B-26s attack Boulogne coastal defenses at 1756-1818 hours.

Destroyer HMS St Kitts laid down. Frigate HMS Foley commissioned.

FRANCE: During the night of 8/9 September, RAF Bomber Command dispatches 257 aircraft, 119 Wellingtons, 112 Stirlings, 16 Mosquitos, ten Halifaxes and five USAAF VIII Bomber Command B-17 Flying Fortresses to bomb gun positions at Boulogue; this is the first American night-bombing sorties of the war with Bomber Command. One hundred twenty five aircraft bombed the Cap D’Alprech, 119 bombed Le Portal sites and the B-17s bombed the Boulogue industrial area. The target is the site of a German long-range gun battery and the marking is mainly provided by Oboe Mosquitos, some of whom are experimenting with a new technique. But the raid is not successful; the marking and the bombing are not accurate and the battery does not appear to have been damaged. No aircraft lost.

GERMANY: U-293, U-349 and U-478 commissioned.

BALTIC SEA: - U-983 is sunk north of Loba, in position 54.56N, 17.14E, after a collision with U-988. 38 of the 43 crewmen survive.

NORWAY: The German launch Operation SIZILIEN. The German battleship Tirpitz, accompanied by a destroyer flotilla, shells Barentsburg and Spitsbergen in the Svalbard Islands, and then the battleship Scharnhorst and two destroyer flotillas land troops (349th Grenadier Regiment) that destroy facilities at Grönfjord and Advent Bay before re embarking. The German force returns to its Norwegian bases unhindered.

U.S.S.R.: Stalino, the vital industrial centre of the Donets basin, Krasnoarmeisk and Yasinovataya are liberated by the Soviets.

Soviet submarine Shch-203 of the Black Sea Fleet is sunk by mines off Cape Tarkhankutskiy, Sevastopol. (Mike Yared)(146 and 147)

ITALY: The British 8th Army liberates Locri.

Italian Prime Minister Field Marshal Pietro Badoglio sends a message to General Dwight D. Eisenhower, Commander in Chief Allied Expeditionary Force Mediterranean, repudiating the surrender terms with the Allies. The Italian government is beginning to feel apprehensive of letting Allies freely into Rome. The long term seem to be made by the victor for the defeated and Italy is still capable of fighting for the Allies. Eisenhower, upset over the lack of progress in the surrender talks, broadcasts Italy’s surrender over the radio at 1830 hours local. Italy is now placed in a tough situation, to either confirm the surrender, or face warring both the Allies and Germany. At 1945 hours local, Badoglio informs his country of the Italian surrender. Italians cheer and the Germans become infuriated. The main body of the Italian Fleet sails from La Spezia and Genoa with 3 battleships, 6 cruisers, and 9 destroyers to surrender to the Allies.

Learning that German troops are in the Rome area in considerable numbers and that the Italians cannot assist operations as planned, General Eisenhower cancels the scheduled drop of elements of the U.S. 82d Airborne Division there. It is too late to give them another assignment.

29 US Ninth Air Force B-24s bomb the landing ground at Foggia, as convoys approach Salerno to begin the Allied invasion of Italy (Operation AVALANCHE).

About 130 USAAF 12th Air Force B-17s visually bomb Frascati with the loss of one aircraft; 160+ medium bombers hit a highway at Lauria and bridges at Trebisacce and Saptri; fighters cover Allied forces near Pizzo, and bomb and strafe roads and vehicles in the Lamezia-Vibo Valentia-Pizzo-Catanzaro areas; and bombers hit roads and junctions in the Naples area during the night of 8/9 September.

SARDINIA: USAAF Twelfth Air Force fighters attack Pabillonis.

BURMA:6 US Tenth Air Force B-24s mine the Rangoon River during the night of 8/9 September; and B-25 Mitchells hit Gokteik Viaduct for the second consecutive day, scoring 5 hits at the base of the structure, which remains usable.

USAAF OPERATIONS IN THE CENTRAL PACIFIC AREA (Seventh Air Force): B-24s, operating from Canton Island in the Phoenix Islands, fire on a flying boat scoring hits hut causing no visible damage.

NEW GUINEA: In Northeast New Guinea, the Japanese 51st Division begins to withdraw from Salamaua to Lae under pressure from both Australian and U.S. forces. Elements of the Australian 9th Division, moving west on Lae, reach the flooded Busu River where the Japanese hold the west bank.

Four US destroyers bombard Lae.

US Fifth Air Force B-17s, B-24s, B-25s and B-26s pound the Lae area, and A-20 Havocs hit Salamaua. The IJA at Salamaua are ordered to prepare to fall back to Lae in face of the approaching Australian 5 Division. Elements of the Australian 9 Division, moving west on Lae, reach the flooded Busu River where the Japanese hold the western bank. Other heavy and medium bombers carry out light raids on targets in western part of New Guinea and on islands of Netherlands East Indies.

ELLICE ISLANDS: Japanese “Betty” bombers (Mitsubishi G4M, Navy Type 1 Attack Bombers) of the 755th Kokutai (Naval Air Corps) bomb Nanomea Island. .

PACIFIC OCEAN: USN submarine USS Drum (SS-228) sinks a Japanese army cargo ship off Hollandia, New Guinea.

SOLOMON ISLANDS: 12 US Thirteenth Air Force B-25s hit the Vila Airfield area on Kolombangara Island.

CANADA: Corvette HMCS Matapedia damaged in collision with SS Scorton in fog off Sambro Lightship in the Halifax Approaches. Matapedia was towed to Dartmouth, Nova Scotia, for temporary repairs and in Oct 43, was moved to Lunenburg for permanent repairs and a refit. She did not return to service until Feb 44.

Marine accidents and weather damage removed as many warships and merchant ships from service as did enemy action. This was a factor that planners failed to anticipate and which caused major disruptions to plans at all levels of warfare. In 1942, about a fifth of all tanker tonnages plying to Britain were permanently under repairs. By May 1942, British fuel stocks were almost two million tons below minimum requirements. By November 1942, the shortage stood at 1.2 million tons but the initial requirements for Operation TORCH drew down another 400,000 tons. Sustaining requirements diverted thirty tankers from British to African service. By early 1943, the sustaining requirements for TORCH had grown alarmingly to 1.3 million tons for the year. The winter weather of 1942-43 in the North Atlantic was the worst on record and the number of damaged tankers rose to record heights. British fuel stocks continued to fall through Fall 1942 and reached new record lows by Jun 43. Plans to open a second theatre of operations in Europe were delayed, primarily due to fuel shortages.

U.S.A.: Baseball, the New York Giants pitcher Ace Adams pitches his 62nd game and sets a major-league baseball record for number of games worked by a pitcher in a single season. Adams pitches in 70 games this year and finishes the season with an 11-7 record and a 2.82 ERA for the last place Giants.

Dale Harriman reports to the Army induction center in Columbus, Ohio. After passing the physical, he is given a choice of either the army or navy, and chooses the army mostly because he never learned to swim. He is given orders to report for active duty at Fort Hays, Columbus, Ohio on September 29th. (Glen Boren)

Minesweepers USS Champion and Dextrous commissioned.

Destroyer escorts USS Inch and Marchand commissioned.

ATLANTIC OCEAN: Three German submarines are lost:

- U-662 is listed as missing in the Bay of Biscay, cause unknown. All hands, 52-men are lost.

- U-760 is sailing on the surface alongside U-262 when they were attacked by an RAF Wellington Mk XIV of No. 179 Squadron based at Gibraltar about 150 miles (241 km) out of Cape of Finisterre. The U-760 arrived at Vigo harbor and was put under the supervision of the Spanish Navy cruiser Navarra. After 24 hours the boat had not left the harbour (the neutrality laws allowed this time frame for emergency repairs) and it was interned. The boat was taken to El Ferrol where she remained until the end of the war. On July 23, 1945 U-760 was taken to England for Operation Deadlight.

U-669 (Type VIIC) is listed as missing in the Bay of Biscay with all 52 crew on 8 Sept. There is no explanation for its loss. (Alex Gordon)


7 posted on 09/08/2013 5:33:05 AM PDT by Homer_J_Simpson ("Every nation has the government that it deserves." - Joseph de Maistre (1753-1821))
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To: Homer_J_Simpson

September 8, 1943:


"Allied troops march across a pontoon bridge over the Volturno River in Italy.
The Fifth Army followed in their footsteps, pursuing the Germans as they retreated over the Apennine Mountains.
Although progress was slow and casualties were heavy, the Fifth Army slowly made its way north until the winter snows brought progress to a halt near the Rapido River."



8 posted on 09/08/2013 7:07:09 AM PDT by BroJoeK (a little historical perspective....)
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To: Homer_J_Simpson
From Gen. Marshall's review, page 4:

In a dramatic account of the Tunisian campaign General Marshall cleared up any doubts that may have existed as to why Lieut. Gen. George C. Patton, Commander of the United States Second Corps, surrendered his command in mid-campaign to Lieut. Gen. Omar N. Bradley. General Patton's particular job was done, General Marshall related, and since it had been decided at the Casablanca conference in January, 1943, that Sicily was next on the Allied timetable, General Patton "was withdrawn in order to go ahead with the plans for the expedition to Sicily."

Since his presentation was to cover the state of the war as of June 30, 1943, he was spared the delicate task of explaining why Patton is no longer in command of the 7th Army. Possibly that development will remain unknown to all but the top American commanders until tomorrow, when it is revealed that Gen. Clark is in charge of the next American campaign.

9 posted on 09/08/2013 2:12:11 PM PDT by Homer_J_Simpson ("Every nation has the government that it deserves." - Joseph de Maistre (1753-1821))
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To: Homer_J_Simpson

The Germans will soon think they know why Patton is no longer in command of 7th Army - he has been assigned the command of the First U.S. Army Group, FUSAG, to plan for the invasion at Pas de Calais. Hitler swallowed that one, hook, line and sinker.


10 posted on 09/09/2013 1:58:20 PM PDT by colorado tanker
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To: colorado tanker

I have heard that buzz about Patton slapping the shell-shocked soldier spread quickly and word got back to the U.S. I have been watching for stories on the incident in the Times but I haven’t seen anything through mid-November. I wonder if the same silence also extended to radio.


11 posted on 09/09/2013 4:10:20 PM PDT by Homer_J_Simpson ("Every nation has the government that it deserves." - Joseph de Maistre (1753-1821))
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To: Homer_J_Simpson
According to Wiki, Ike asked the journalists who knew to keep it quiet because Patton was essential to the war effort and they complied. The story got back to the States through gossip channels and the muckraking columnist Drew Pearson ran the story on 21 November.

Interestingly, according to the Wiki article (I know) Ike did not break up 7th Army because of the slapping incidents. He had already decided to give the Italy operation to Mark Clark's Fifth Army and send most of the 7th to Britain for the Overlord buildup. So, the inference is he already had Patton in mind for a command in France.

12 posted on 09/09/2013 5:50:37 PM PDT by colorado tanker
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To: colorado tanker
The story got back to the States through gossip channels and the muckraking columnist Drew Pearson ran the story on 21 November.

Good timing with this information. On my next news-gathering trip I will be picking up on November 20. I will remain alert for Patton articles in case Pearson's reporting turns the story into legit news.

According to the excerpt I posted from "Ike" on August 9 (see Reply #3 ) Patton's penance for his transgression was to remain stuck with the shrinking 7th Army in Sicily while Clark was given command of Operation Avalanche and Bradley was designated to lead the cross-channel invasion of France.

13 posted on 09/09/2013 7:39:15 PM PDT by Homer_J_Simpson ("Every nation has the government that it deserves." - Joseph de Maistre (1753-1821))
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To: Homer_J_Simpson
Actually, I agree with Ike's decision. I greatly admire Patton's abilities, but he was not well suited to the political side of Army Group command or above. As we know, however, he was one hell of a field army commander.

It says a lot about Ike as a leader that he recognized what he had in Patton and did what he needed to do to hold onto him.

14 posted on 09/10/2013 9:27:24 AM PDT by colorado tanker
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