Posted on 11/14/2010 1:55:35 PM PST by decimon
Farming in Europe did not just spread by word-of-mouth, but was introduced by migrants from the ancient Near East, a study suggests.
Scientists analysed DNA from the 8,000 year-old remains of early farmers found at an ancient graveyard in Germany.
They compared the genetic signatures to those of modern populations and found similarities with the DNA of people living in today's Turkey and Iraq.
The study appears in the journal PLoS Biology.
Wolfgang Haak of the University of Adelaide in Australia led the team of international researchers from Germany, Russia and Australia.
Up until now, many scientists believed that the concept of farming was brought to Europe merely by the transfer of ideas. They thought that European hunter-gatherers living in close proximity to ancient farmers in the Near East were spreading the information about more settled ways and agriculture further north.
But the recent study challenges that hypothesis.
"We have shown that the first farmers in Europe had a much greater genetic input from the Near East and Anatolia, than from populations of Stone Age hunter-gatherers who already existed in the area," said Dr Haak.
(Excerpt) Read more at bbc.co.uk ...
Now that's an advantage and a half.
Fur Shur the Sa'ami all have eyes that can be hidden deep within the warmer recesses of the skull.
Benjamin Franklin has mtDNA haplogroup ‘V’ same as me and my mom. So....
Latest thoughts on the way agriculture moved into the North Country is that it had to first move uphill in the mountains. Cold tolerant varieties had to be developed. That pretty much kept the Indo-Europeans out of Fenno Scandia until the middle of the First Century BCE. At the same time pastoralists did move in earlier ~ with sheep but not cattle. Took a good while to develop a cold tolerant cow ~ although they may have brought some back from the Yakuts.
Kirsten Dunst.
http://www.topnews.in/files/Kirsten_Dunst.jpg
Also pretty. The eyes are slightly less rounded. Not a negative or positive just different. It is weird because when I watched Renee Zellwger it movies like when she plays the chubby Brit (Bridget Jones) or other films. I always thought somebody get this girl some contacts or glasses so she stops squinting.
She, Kirsten and Pam Anderson are all very pretty. Pam Anderson was gorgeous before she did all that freaked out surgery when she was much younger.
So Sa’ami could be in Finland, Sweden and Norway as Zellweger is supposed Norwegian. Most in Finland. She looks great in that picture - she could have married me over that sissy boy Chesney. He plays for the other team.
I have a brother who looks like Richard Gere and I always thought Richard had a ‘squinty eyed’ thing going on. My brother’s was even more squinty than Richard’s and his two very blonde boys are even more so. We all have a signature, bright blue eyes...almost to bright
I was gonna say this dude is no Sa’ami because Finns etc are usually very smart. He is no dummy cause his kid is worth supposedly hundreds of millions.
I wonder if early men wore mullets too. The guy in the picture could be his brother. LOL!
Interesting. I was not judging the eyes but it is about the only way the lay person can tell. If you know the family came from somewhere in Scandinavia it might be a tip. I wonder if the facial structure is slightly different. I think all those women have higher cheekbones as well.
Obviously a genetic adaptation due to the cold in the Lapp region. I wonder why people stayed that far north and if the Ice Age made any difference.
This would seem to be a loanword from an Indo-European language--the Avestan word for 100 is satem, and in several modern Slavic languages the word is sto. This corresponds to the word for 100 in the so-called centum languages (Latin "100 = centum, Greek hekaton, etc.)--there is a pattern of words which have an "s" in Indo-Iranian, Baltic, and Slavic, which have a "k" sound in Greek, Latin, Celtic, etc. (in the Germanic languages the "k" becomes an "h")--for example, Greek kardia for "heart" vs. Russian serdtse or Latvian sirds.
Getting back to the Finnish word for "100" it would appear they didn't have a word for that number so they borrowed it from some ancient Iranian or Slavic speaker. The Scythians were Iranian-speaking and lived north of the Black Sea.
Problem with that is it has 25 times as much iron as any other mammal. So, you eat nothing but seal your body needs a way to get rid of the excess iron. I think you've seen those guys with copper colored arms underlain with iron deposits ~ probably that, and also Intermittent Scandinavian Porphyria ~ plus 82 other different main gene sets for liver function.
At these latitudes all those folks are deficient in B-12 (and some other B vitamins, but mostly B-12).
The ladies have a rounder face than people to the Souf' in Europe ~ those with a shot of Indo-European ancestry. That pronounced cheek bone is a recurrent theme though and can sometimes get out of hand ~ plus dental dysplasia (naturally missing, or extremely crooked teeth) is a hallmark. One survey found that 18% of Sa'ami had three or more natural teeth that never came in!
I have a big bunch of cousins who can pass for Skolt Sa'ami, but most Sa'ami in Europe are found in Norway and speak Northern Sa'ami language.
The Scandinavians have take two approaches to the Sa'ami over the centuries. First they tried to ship them out to America ~ and secondly they tried to force them to become good little Finns, Swedes or Norwegians.
More recently they've given up that stuff.
Looking very lovely. http://www.topnews.in/files/Kirsten_Dunst.jpg
Some people say almost Asian but I wonder if people in northern Asia has the same adaptation due to the cold or Eskimos??? It is and she is very attractive.
Sadly she like Obama. Ann Margaret - very Swedish as just got off the boat when she made Elvis movies practically. Sa'ami? Smoking gorgeous back in the day. http://www.vintageculture.net/images/ann-margaret11.jpg Watch some Renee Z's films. I swear the girl needs glasses - it looks like she is squinting. Kimi Raikkonen who is Finnish has almost white or silver eyes. Almost like ice. I knew a Norwegian American girl. Very blonde and blue eyes but she had some eye problems. I am not sure it it was genetic.
Interesting. Thanks. A very interesting region and people. The freaking mosquitoes in the summer must have been and are brutal.
“The Scandinavians have take two approaches to the Sa’ami over the centuries. First they tried to ship them out to America ~ and secondly they tried to force them to become good little Finns, Swedes or Norwegians.”
LOL! Do they deliver? I have a Fed Ex number? Send me a Kirsten Dunst clone who is not pro-Obama. ;-)
“More recently they’ve given up that stuff.”
Probably not the type of people you want to piss off. My guess is they are pretty strong and hearty people.
I'd bet good money that my Sa'ami ancestors probably couldn't count much beyond 10 ~ and that mostly because they were NOT going to take off their shoes in the wintertime! It's really cold up there.
Mostly everybody "borrowed" the numbering systems.
Last week I spent some time trying to deduce if the most common Indian language in El Salvador was a Japanese cognate. Lo and behold the only changes in the words for the numbers was "k" sounds became aspirants or breaths, and aspirants became "k" sounds ~ at least one multisyllabic word got turned around backwards.
Otherwise that's one explanation why ElSalvadorans who are not obviously Caucasion can pass for Japanese. (has to do with currents, fishing, where you end up on the West Coast, etc.).
When it comes to Persian, that's just part of the Indo-European group that's spread all over the place. It creates its own cognates.
The other postulated group (now abandoned) for Central Asian languages was not a satisfactory fit for the languages in Finland, Estonia, Hungary, or in the Sapma (Sa'ami land). They've been grouped due to their physical proximity, but way in the background the Sa'ami and Hungarian languages have ANOTHER link to what seems to be the Dravidian languages in India, and to ancient Sumerian which is otherwise considered an "isolate".
That latter connection ~ to the Dravidians ~ may well be proven out in the archaeological digs now taking place at a town site in Iran that's OLDER than anything comparable in the way of towns found in Ukraine or Central Asia (or North Africa, Europe, etc.). It could be Dravidian thereby providing a nice link with the spread of their language to the North and West.
In short, he returned the Britons to their own homeland. That's probably why today's population is so similar to that of the pre-Saxon period!
Ben Franklin is reputed to have visited Lapland for a 6 month visit. Linneas did that as well, and so did Winston Churchill AND Charles Darwin. Other famous visitors included Ghenghis Khan. He’d heard that men his height were normal there so he visited and found it true. Apparently he was “concerned”.
Oh, yeah, one more thing ~ I’m descended from one of Franklin’s kids, and he had a whale of a lot of kids.
Sa’ami and high IQs?
Koreans supposedly are number 1 followed by Finns. The Finnish language is supposedly one of the most difficult.
So are Sa’ami IQs above avg? I would guess Renee marrying Kenny Chesney and Dunst liking Obama is not a good sign. Maybe Sa’ami women have underdeveloped “gaydar?’ ;-)
Blam mentioned Richard Gere’s eyes. He is descended from the Pilgrims so more NE Anglo Saxon old Americana.
I think he just squints and smirks like Edward Norton.
They were eliminated in their Southern range BEFORE the arrival of the Indo Europeans.
I suspect a couple of eruptions of Mt. Hekla may have wiped them out since the lines of withdrawal (demonstrated by artifacts found by architects) are straight ~ and Mt. Hekla spews fluorine.
Something Scandinavians ought to think about eh!
I've found a reference to Sa'ami speaking people in the Carpathian Mountains. No dates were given, nor locations. However, I do know that during the age of the Swedish Empire (1600s) the Swedes undertook gold and silver mining ventures in the Carpathians ~ most likely on the strength of the major findings in Bohemia at the Westernmost end of that mountain chain.
One of the occupations dominated by Sa'ami in Scandinavia was hard-rock mining ~ which they still do. I suspect the Swedes simply brought a company of Sa'ami down to find gold and silver, maybe other minerals. When the Swedish Empire turned to garbage in 1810 and the Czar took over Finland, et al, he also acquired the Carpathians and had his Cossacks go in and remove the other inhabitants. That's about the time the first goldminers hit the United States in force.
That's one hypothesis tied into historical events that could have led to Sa'ami speakers living in the Carpathians. Another may be that there was a residual population of the original occupants of nearby Hungary still living up in the mountains and the correspondent who got his reference cited simply misidentified proto-Hungarian for Sa'ami.
Whichever the case all these people were dragged down the mountains and kicked out of the Czar's mountains between 1812 and 1820.
Ordinarily there'd be no way to go back and do DNA tests on these folks but since almost all the expellees ended up in Southern and Western Indiana by 1838, there actually is a way to do DNA tests on them!
They have a fertility problem. On the one hand there are some Sa'ami males who have enhanced potency ~ or "super sperm". Then there are half of the males and females who simply have indeterminant infertility. Charles Darwin's children had that.
Charles ancestors appear to have been Orkney Islanders. The current wave of excitement is that they, too, may be Sa'ami but culturally completely absorbed by the Indo-Europeans.
I wouldn't credit her with having a significant political point of view. On the other hand I wouldn't let her hang around me if there were guns around anywhere ~ or knives ~ or combustibles.
Thanks. Very interesting. How about the iron range up in Minnesota? Did any of them go there to mine iron ore?
A mountain that spews fluorine when it erupts? Poor ba*tards.
So the Scandinavian girl of my dreams in is Indiana? My buddy is Norge-American. I need to ask him if he is Sa’ami.
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