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Is the universe a doughnut?
Cosmos Magazine ^ | September 6, 2007 | Paul Halpern

Posted on 11/04/2007 10:07:35 PM PST by SunkenCiv

Someday spacecraft will be powerful enough perhaps to journey at extraordinary speeds, spanning the vast interstellar voids. Our technology might develop until we become a vast, powerful intergalactic society, capable of resolving the deepest quandaries ever known. Only then could we definitely answer what is perhaps the ultimate question: "Is the universe shaped like a doughnut?" This last question pertains to an idea attributed to Homer and mentioned by guest star Stephen Hawking in an episode of The Simpsons. In the episode, Lisa Simpson joins Springfield's chapter of the brainy organisation Mensa, which assumes mayoral duties and vows to remake Springfield into a perfect society. The prospect of experiencing a blossoming utopia attracts the attention of the British cosmologist Hawking, who - in his first animated appearance on the show - decides to visit and see it for himself.

Is the universe a doughnut?

(Excerpt) Read more at cosmosmagazine.com ...


TOPICS: Astronomy; Science
KEYWORDS: crevo; freepun; stringtheory
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"I am Homer of Borg. Prepare to be- mmm, doughnuts...

Whats Science Ever Done For Us: What the Simpsons Can Teach Us About Physics, Robots, Life, and the Universe What's Science Ever Done For Us:
What the Simpsons Can Teach Us
About Physics, Robots, Life,
and the Universe

by Paul Halpern


1 posted on 11/04/2007 10:07:37 PM PST by SunkenCiv
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To: AdmSmith; bvw; callisto; ckilmer; dandelion; ganeshpuri89; gobucks; KevinDavis; Las Vegas Dave; ...

2 posted on 11/04/2007 10:08:11 PM PST by SunkenCiv (Profile updated Monday, October 22, 2007. https://secure.freerepublic.com/donate/)
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To: SunkenCiv

3 posted on 11/04/2007 10:14:50 PM PST by SShultz460
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To: SunkenCiv



4 posted on 11/04/2007 10:46:09 PM PST by The Spirit Of Allegiance (Public Employees: Honor Your Oaths! Defend the Constitution from Enemies--Foreign and Domestic!)
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To: SunkenCiv
Second try: (First one didn't show up, unless we're backlogged or sumpin.) I've had this illustration for 30 years.


5 posted on 11/04/2007 11:03:30 PM PST by Eastbound
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To: Eastbound

Illustration by Itzhak Bentov, “Stalking the Wild Pendulum.” 1977.


6 posted on 11/04/2007 11:08:17 PM PST by Eastbound
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To: The Spirit Of Allegiance; SunkenCiv

It is a tribute to how far we have come in theoretical physics that it now takes enormous machines and a great deal of money to perform an experiment whose results we cannot predict. — Stephen Hawking in a 1980 lecture, quoted in Chaos.


7 posted on 11/04/2007 11:29:59 PM PST by The Spirit Of Allegiance (Public Employees: Honor Your Oaths! Defend the Constitution from Enemies--Foreign and Domestic!)
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To: Eastbound

In an unrelated specialty, pastry also can explain the Fall of Rome... and a bismarck produced a treaty system that kep the peace in Europe for forty years.


8 posted on 11/05/2007 8:24:49 AM PST by SunkenCiv (Profile updated Monday, October 22, 2007. https://secure.freerepublic.com/donate/)
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To: SunkenCiv
Okay, now I want to know if the donut is expanding, is the outer perimeter the only place where it is happening, or is the ‘hole’ shrinking as the donut keeps pace with Homer's inflation's appetite?
9 posted on 11/05/2007 8:24:54 AM PST by MHGinTN (Believing they cannot be deceived, they cannot be convinced when they are deceived.)
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To: SunkenCiv

Mmmmmmmmmmmmmmm .... Uuuuniverses....


10 posted on 11/05/2007 8:31:42 AM PST by martin_fierro (< |:)~)
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To: MHGinTN

What I wanna know is, if the ENTIRE UNIVERSE is a DOUGHNUT, how am I supposed to lose weight and lower my cholesterol?


11 posted on 11/05/2007 9:10:17 AM PST by SunkenCiv (Profile updated Monday, October 22, 2007. https://secure.freerepublic.com/donate/)
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To: SunkenCiv

The universe is spherical, finite, and unbounded.


12 posted on 11/05/2007 9:16:04 AM PST by RightWhale (anti-razors are pro-life)
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To: RightWhale
" . . . finite, and unbounded."

Oxymoron or typo?

13 posted on 11/05/2007 10:27:26 AM PST by Eastbound
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To: SunkenCiv
Not available at Dunkin' Donuts.


14 posted on 11/05/2007 10:39:17 AM PST by Eastbound
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To: Eastbound

“Finite, yet unbounded” was used in a graphic novel (comic book) called “So Beautiful, and So Dangerous”, but is a quote of Einstein.


15 posted on 11/05/2007 11:16:27 AM PST by SunkenCiv (Profile updated Monday, October 22, 2007. https://secure.freerepublic.com/donate/)
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To: Eastbound
Oxymoron or typo?

Take the surface of the earth. We know it's finite in area, but you can travel in a straight line anywhere on its surface and never fall off an edge, say, or bump into some kind of giant wall that lets you go no further. It's finite, but unbounded. The universe may be the same, except in three dimensions (or more) instead of two.

16 posted on 11/05/2007 11:31:21 AM PST by LibWhacker (Democrats are phony Americans)
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To: Eastbound

It’s topology. Mathematical concepts often seem strange at first.


17 posted on 11/05/2007 12:16:39 PM PST by RightWhale (anti-razors are pro-life)
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To: LibWhacker; RightWhale; SunkenCiv
" . . . except in three dimensions . . ."

I would agree it has three dimensions if it were finite, as do all finite things. But wouldn't it be more accurately described as having three directions if the universe was boundless? I know, I know, just a habit saying we have a three-dimensional universe, I suppose. But is anyone here suggesting we have a measureable universe, at least in theory?

18 posted on 11/05/2007 2:12:33 PM PST by Eastbound
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To: Eastbound
But is anyone here suggesting we have a measureable universe, at least in theory?

I'm no scientist, of course, but yes, I think that's still a possibility in the eyes of science.

Someday scientists may be able to say definitively that the universe is X cubic megaparsecs in volume (I'm ignoring any other dimensions like time for the moment) and expanding at the rate of y (i.e., dX/dt) cubic megaparsecs per year.

Despite this finiteness, we'll be able to go out and jump in our starships of the future and fly off in a given direction forever and ever, and never come to an end. In other words, it's unbounded. We'd just keep looping around and around forever, as the article says.

Of course, here too, I'm ignoring something; namely, the Big Rip or the Big Crunch, or something equally catastrophic that would prevent us from doing anything forever and ever.

19 posted on 11/05/2007 2:31:59 PM PST by LibWhacker (Democrats are phony Americans)
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To: LibWhacker; SunkenCiv

Isn’t there a pretty good restaurant at the end of the universe? Ford Prefect told me to mention his name there.


20 posted on 11/05/2007 2:35:28 PM PST by CholeraJoe ("Gunners til I die!")
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