Posted on 09/20/2021 11:07:45 AM PDT by Kevmo
Narita: Investigating Thermal Behavior of Pd Foil Coated with Metal Membrane in Deuterium Diffusion
Poster # S. Narita, M. Endo, S. Kikuchi, K. Negishi, K. Ota
Iwate University, Morioka, Japan E-mail: narita@iwate-u.ac.jp
It has been reported that anomalous excess heat generation have been observed when charging deuterium into nano-composite Pd-Ni supported by ZrO2 [1,2]. It is supposed to be difficult to explain the phenomena by known chemical processes, which could potentially be attributed to specific characteristics of deuterium diffusion in the metal complex, as well as the nano-sized fine structure of the sample.
Yamaguchi et al. observed excess heat and helium production in controlled deuterium diffusion from multi-layered Au/Pd/SiO2 fabricated by depositing Au and SiO2 membranes onto a Pd foil surface [3]. Considering the experimental result, we performed a deuterium desorption experiment using a multi-layered Pd-Ni complex sample and investigated thermal as well as deuterium diffusion behavior.
We also examined a multi-layered sample with a fine-structured surface and investigated the deuterium diffusion in dependence of the surface condition.
The samples were prepared using the following procedure: Pd foil (10 mm x 10 mm x 0.1 mm, 99.95 % pure) was annealed at 900 °C for 10 h. After annealing, the surface contaminants were removed using aqua regia. Then, a Ni membrane was deposited onto the sample surface using Ar ion beam sputtering.
The thickness of the membrane was ~ 100 nm. Here, we prepared samples with a fine structure at the interface of the binary metal. The fine structure was obtained by Ar ion beam etching.
Then, the samples were exposed to deuterium gas for 24 h at 5 atm.
The sample weight was measured before and after loading, and the loading ratio was calculated from the weight difference. The loading ratios were typically 0.65-0.70.
After loading, the sample was placed into a chamber evacuated by a TurboMolecular-Pump (~10^-4 Pa). In the chamber, the sample was heated by supplying direct electric current to stimulate the deuterium diffusion.
The sample temperature and chamber pressure were continuously monitored for ~24 h and measured with a thermo-couple and an ionization gauge, respectively. The current and the bias applied to the sample were also recorded during the experiment.
Short-period temperature fluctuation was often observed, lasting for 2-4 h at the beginning of the desorption phase for the Pd-Ni sample with fine structure at the interface. It is possible that deuterium diffusion from Pd to the membrane and from the membrane to Pd occurred frequently in the period, and that endothermic and exothermic phenomena associated with the heat of solution repeatedly occurred owing to deuterium transport between the two metals.
We also tested other samples of Pd coated with a metal membrane, such as Pd-Ni, Pd-Ag, and Pd-Ti. Similar temperature behavior was observed for the Pd-Zr sample.
Additionally, an instantaneous large heat evolution was occasionally found in the desorption period for Pd-Zr.
Although a quantitative analysis for the heat balance in the temperature behaviors is underway, these distinctive thermal and deuterium diffusion properties for the surface coated binary metal might be related to the anomalous excess heat observed in the experiment with nano-composite Pd-Ni-ZrO2.
References
[1] A. Kitamura et al. “Collaborative Examination on Anomalous Heat Effect Using Nickel-based Binary Nanocomposites Supported by Zirconia” J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci, 24, pp. 202-213, 2017.
[2] Y. Iwamura et al. “Replication Experiments at Tohoku University on Anomalous Heat Generation Using Nickel-based Binary Nanocomposites and Hydrogen Isotope” J. Condensed Matter Nucl. Sci, 24, pp.191-201, 2017.
[3] E. Yamaguchi, H. Sugiura, “Excess Heat and Nuclear Products from Pd:D/Au Heterostructures by the ‘In vacuo’ Method” Proc. of 7th International Conference of Cold Fusion, pp. 420-424, 1998.
https://scholar.google.com/scholar?as_ylo=2021&q=Investigating+Thermal+Behavior+of+Pd+Foil+Coated+with+Metal+Membrane+in+Deuterium+Diffusion&hl=en&as_sdt=0,5&as_vis=1
for the cold fusion ping list
This should be in Breaking News, and “Boom” should be added to the title.
The Cold Fusion/LENR Ping List
http://www.freerepublic.com/tag/coldfusion/index?tab=articles
Keywords: ColdFusion; LENR; lanr; CMNS
chat—science
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Vortex-L
http://tinyurl.com/pxtqx3y
Best book to get started on this subject:
EXCESS HEAT
Why Cold Fusion Research Prevailed by Charles Beaudette
https://www.abebooks.com/9780967854809/Excess-Heat-Why-Cold-Fusion-0967854806/plp
Updated No Internal Trolling Rules for FR per Jim Robinson
https://freerepublic.com/focus/f-news/3928396/posts
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Please refrain from posting anything that doesn’t legitimately address the issue.
Something is going on in this segment of science. There are a considerable number of research groups studying the matter. -Sidebar Moderator
and helium production .............
Helium can only be produced by ............................
Why is AHE considered “cold fusion” if there was no excess neutron emissions? Any fusion process (i.e. nuclear) would require changes to atomic nuclei and some sustaining mechanism such as neutron emission and capture across atoms. The papers here make the point that these effects are simply photon emissions due to changes in electron states. There may be some catalysis effect that is locally allowing larger than expected cascades across electron shells but this has nothing to do with fusion cold or otherwise.
Why is AHE considered “cold fusion” if there was no excess neutron emissions?
***There are several theories, some of which are even posted here, attempting to explain the reduction of neutron emissions.
Any fusion process (i.e. nuclear) would require changes to atomic nuclei
***Kind of a redundant statement.
and some sustaining mechanism
***Like I said earlier, there have been several theories posted that propose sustaining mechanisms.
such as neutron emission and capture across atoms.
***One of the typical assumptions is that neutron emission must take place in the same order of magnitude wherein 6 degrees of freedom to move are compressed at high pressure and temperature, whereas in condensed matter there are probably 4 degrees of freedom reduced by orders of magnitude, generating linear effects. Such as my V1DLLBEC theory, which you can google for yourself.
The papers here make the point that these effects are simply photon emissions due to changes in electron states.
***By “here” do you mean FR? Because there are several that discuss Neutron Emissions and Gamma Rays.
There may be some catalysis effect that is locally allowing larger than expected cascades across electron shells
***Yup, enough to generate perhaps a linear BEC and overcome the Coulomb Barrier. Such as I propose in my V1DLLBEC theory.
but this has nothing to do with fusion cold or otherwise.
***It would be chemical catalysis of a nuclear event, considered so unlikely in the past as to be thought impossible. Kinda like the impossibility of Trump getting elected Prez.
How do you produce helium "catalytically"? Under different experimental conditions, similar experiments "have" produced neutrons.
Why is AHE considered
***Keep in mind that the A in AHE stands for Anomalous [Heat Effect]. You’re basically asking why the Anomalous Heat Effect is Anomalous.
This is the ingredients of a hot cup of Joe?
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