50,000-Year-Old Tree Resin Revealing 'Sophisticated Technological Processes' Could Rewrite History of Ancient Human Expansion

The Debrief ^ | August 21, 2024 | Christopher Plain

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In their study, Dr. Gaffney and colleagues say that new evidence of manually collected and processed 50,000-year-old tree resin shows that humans using sophisticated technological processes arrived on Waigeo Island, which lies along the northern route most suited for human expansion into Australia, as much as 50 to 55 thousand years ago. The new finding exceeds past estimates by close to 10,000 years, revealing that humans likely traversed the Pacific millennia earlier than once thought.

"The tree resin artefact provides evidence for complex plant processing during early human dispersal," they write. The researchers note that the resin sample is "rectilinear," which is "totally unlike globular, naturally formed resins." They argue that this finding indicates it was "collected by humans directly from the tree."

An analysis of the 50,000-year-old tree resin using a scanning electron microscope also showed that it was produced "in a multi-step sequence." This idea was supported by various "chipping and scraping" marks on the different surfaces of the resin. Furthermore, the researchers say the shape and structure of the ancient resin sample revealed that it was likely made by humans who "cut into the trunk of the tree itself."

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