1913, Direct election of Senators as well.
Until the 17th Amendment, no republic in history denied the lawmaking consent of component members.
The 17A pulled the keystone from the Framers’ Constitution.
While the Constitution and subsequent laws and court rulings still act on the states, the states have no say in the government of their creation.
https://articlevblog.com/2017/04/the-bitter-harvest-of-the-17th-amendment/