I know I'm deviating, but I just want to share how surprised I was when I realized that
Modern-Day Judaism as we know it is descended from the Pharisee sect of 2nd temple Judaism and it arose in the destruction of the 2nd temple in 69 AD when Rabbi Ben Zakkai re-formed the religion away from the temple and priests to synagogues and rabbis (refer "First century Judaism in Crisis" by Neusner)
Christianity is descended from another 2nd temple Judaism sect, the Jesus-movement or the Messianic Judaism (distinct from modern day Messianic Jews who are Pharisee-descended modern Jews who have become Christians)
The modern day Jews are our brothers and it is a sister religion to us - that explains a lot of the early animosity between Christians and modern-day (CE) Jews is around these two rival views -- CE Judaism is in fact 37 years younger than Christianity - since it starts in the Council of Jamnia in 70 AD that settles the Jewish Torah and the CE J decide to not follow the Septuagint as that is used by the Jesus-movement Jews to "prove" their point, while the Jesus-movement Jews take pains to stick away from the term "Jew" due to the bad connotations after the Jewish-Roman wars
The chart is not entirely accurate. It is "Reform" Judaism, not "Reformed," and the Samaritans of today are descended not from the Sadducees (sort of the Jewish establishment at the time of Christ) but from the Samaritans of that period, who in turn seem to be descended mostly from the 10 northern tribes (maybe some non-Israelite mixture from people settled there by the Assyrians).
A lot of male Jews whose families have a tradition of having been priests have very similar Y-DNA which suggests a common ancestor around 1300 before our era--in other words, about the time of Aaron.
Interesting chart, although I’d quibble with it a bit.
I think my quibbles are mainly because it’s so hard to put these concepts into a chart, but there are some major errors.
It’s impossible to draw a direct line for some of these — for example, the Pharisees (which I guess are the House of Shammai) aren’t the only ancestors of Rabbinic Judaism, but rather the House of Shammai and the House of Hillel, the second of which is arguably more important.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Houses_of_Hillel_and_Shammai
I suppose this is all arguable, in that what Gentiles call “Pharisees” is unclear to me.
One major error would be to call Samaritans the descendants of Sadducees. Their intellectual descendants are the Karaites. (Both reject the Talmud as authoritative.)
In fact, the Samaritans are “not Jewish” (under Jewish law — they are Jewish under Israeli secular law). The religion of Samaritans is Samaritanism, and hold the Mount Gerizim as the proper place for the Temple.
In fact, I believe Samaritans are the product of intermarriage between left-behind Jewish men (during the Babylonian captivity) and pagan women — and their religion reflects this mishmash.