Who paid for this redundant study? It isn’t rocket science-hell, it was being discussed in my HS biology class. There’s a reason for females to be able to survive extreme events like famine, epidemics, etc because if they didn’t survive to be impregnated, give birth and protect/feed/take care of that helpless human cub so it survives, we would’ve been done as a species before we even got going good.
The male’s biological role in all that is to do the heavy lifting, the hunting, the fighting, etc to protect the female and cub(s) so they survive to perpetuate the species. God made male and female to compliment one another in the survival game.
One small example-guy and I both do a non-wimp workout 2-3 times a week, with weights and resistance on the heavy side for our respective sizes-we both have small frames. The exercises, number of reps, etc are a bit different from each other-as a female, I do not have the bulkier upper body structure that he does, so I will never have the upper body strength of a guy-at least not without steriods, which are dangerous-my body wasn’t designed to throw spears, lift/carry heavy objects, fight etc. He does not have the abdominal and lower body strength and endurance that a woman does because his body was not designed for pregnancy and childbirth. Male and female have different strengths for survival for a reason-something both feminazis and metrosexuals seem to forget...
If someone does not recognize the reason a male and female were created with different strengths for different functions, I don’t see how they can ever really appreciate how attractive, and what an aphrodisiac that difference is...
Sexual dimorphism is displayed across the board. Testosterone is not restricted to "above the waist" application.
Your friend is either neglecting his lower body workout, or has morphological problems. Power-lifting requires the entire body, including abs, back and legs, and women (real women) are not and will never be competitive in this area. A typical fit adult male has as much muscle mass in his quadriceps alone as a fit adult female has in her entire body.