HOA can levy a fine for violating by-laws. If the owner does not pay, it adds up as lien against the property. There is an empty condo in my building which is several thousand $$$ behind paying HOA dues. The owner (which is now the bank) is trying to sell, but no buyers with that bigly lien.
If I was the banker, I'd ask really nicely if the HOA would work with me so it could be sold. And let them know that in the meantime, to safeguard the property while we work on the problem, I'll be moving in a few house sitters to keep it up, and that the local Hells Angels chapter is being nice enough to provide a full crew of them at no charge to either of us.
“The owner (which is now the bank) is trying to sell, but no buyers with that bigly lien.”
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In Massachusetts the unpaid fines are passed on to the bank——so no lien.
The best course of action might be to have the HOA take possession of the empty condo and rent it to a tenant to generate revenue to pay off the lien.