Thanks algore.
Posted on 09/22/2021 9:50:23 PM PDT by algore
Mammals from mice to monkeys have tails. But humans and our cousins the great apes lack them. Now, Researchers may have unearthed a simple genetic change that led to our abbreviated back end: an itinerant piece of DNA that leapt into a new chromosomal home and changed how great apes make a key developmental protein.
The finding also suggests the genetic shift came with a less visible and more dangerous effect: a higher risk of birth defects involving the developing spinal cord.
The work not only addresses an “inherently interesting question about what makes us human,” says Hopi Hoekstra, an evolutionary biologist at Harvard University, but also provides new insights into how such evolutionary changes can occur. “It’s beautiful work.”
In a gene called TBXT, he found a strong suspect, a short DNA insertion called an Alu element that was present in all great apes but missing in other primates.
TBXT codes for a protein called brachyury—Greek for “short tail,” because mutations in it can lead to mice with shorter tails. At first glance, however, the ape-specific Alu element did not seem to cause any significant disruption in the gene.
On closer inspection, however, Xia noticed a second Alu element lurking nearby. That element is present in monkeys as well as apes, but Xia realized that in apes the two Alus could stick together, forming a loop that would alter TBXT expression so the resulting protein would be a bit shorter than the original. That insight “was very clever,” Hoekstra says. “It wouldn’t have jumped out at me as an obvious mutation to test.”
Indeed, Xia and his colleague found that human embryonic stem cells make two versions of the TBXT messenger RNA (mRNA), one longer and one shorter. Mouse cells, on the other hand, only produce the longer transcript. The researchers then used the genome editor CRISPR to remove one or the other Alu element in human embryonic stem cells.
Losing either Alu element made the shorter version of the mRNA disappear.
Senta Berger. She put the capital “W” in the word “woman”.
Meanwhile, the missing gene particle explains Joy Behar, Joy Reid, Maxine Waters, and The Squats.
Oh hell yeah.
;)
FWIW, the tag on my Harley says POISON.
Alot more to this story. Very rarely, humans are born with “tails”. Very rarely. Usually not functioning but have some elements which are found in true tails. Apparently during development in the womb a small “tail” is formed then it disappears. This phenomena might indicate that there is a lot more going on than a simple transposon mutation (jumping gene). Our genetic expression and control are a lot more complex than simple “cut and paste” scenarios.
One big question. Where did the whole set of genes coding for tails come from in the first place?
I recommend “The Age of the Tail”, by H. Allen Smith. It is a fictional account, written in 1955, of what happened when all people began to be born with tails starting on September 22, 1957, at 0535 EDT.
We are NOT apes.
We were created in the image of Almighty God.
Thanks algore.
Pseudo-science
We were created in the image of Almighty God.
YEP!
“All true tails have bones in them that are a posterior extension of the vertebral column. Also, all true tails have muscles associated with their vertebrae, which permit some movement of the tail. Ledley conceded that there has never been a single documented case of an animal tail lacking these distinctive features, nor has there been a single case of a human caudal appendage having any of these features. In fact, the caudal appendage Ledley described is merely a fatty outgrowth of skin that wasn’t located in the right place on the back to be a tail! “
https://answersingenesis.org/human-body/vestigial-organs/human-tail-and-other-tales-of-evolution/
A friend of mine broke his tailbone once - very painful.
Prehensility would be nice.
Some months ago I read a 2018 article from Sloan Kettering suggesting that something to do with mRNA could affect a gene that suppresses cancer development. Fact Check says that the mRNA of some vaccines does not change RNA in humans. I cannot tell from their explanation if they are considering the turning off of suppressor genes. I subsequently read in Robert Bakker’s book Dinosaur Heresies, that living creatures may contain suppressed genes which can be rarely seen when offspring are born. An example he gave was vestigle tails in humans. I also know of people born with hair all over their bodies. In severe global cooling, a few people born with body hair might have a better survival rate and end up creating a hairy human race. Bakker explained that this could explain why suppressed body characteristics might reappear in decendent genuses millions of years later when the commonly suppressed trait turns out to be useful in current conditions. It then occurred to me that it might be useful to see if with all the vaccines being given are there more abnormal babies being born. A statisticians job. Very recently I saw a comment in a FR article from someone who said various relatives had their cancers in remission reappear after they were vaccinated. Something to think about and keep count of.
Here is a link I found about the nature of human tails.
https://www.healthline.com/health/vestigial-tail
Fact Check says that the mRNA of some vaccines does not change RNA in humans.
Never rely on the DNC front, Fact Check, for any information about anything.
They really only hold onto a tree with their tail as a last resort. Looks like he wants some payback when he gets to the ground.
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