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Sex Tourism: Addressing the Demand for Trafficking
House Committee on Financial Services ^ | 2000-2005 | EQUALITY

Posted on 08/28/2005 10:07:12 PM PDT by Calpernia

Page 1
EQUALITY NOW
New York: 250 West 57 Street, #1527, New York, NY 10107, USA ▪ Tel:+1 212-586-0906 • Fax:+1 212-586-1611 • Email: info@equalitynow.org

London: 6 Buckingham Street, London WC2N 6BU, UK • Phone:+44 (0) 20-7839-5456 • Fax:+44 (0) 20-7839-4012 • Email: ukinfo@equalitynow.org
Nairobi: PO Box 2018 KNH 00202, Nairobi, Kenya • Tel: +254 20-2719-832 • Fax: +254 20-2719-868 • Email: equalitynow@kenyaweb.com
Sex Tourism: Addressing the Demand for Trafficking
Testimony by Jessica Neuwirth, President of Equality Now

Thank you for this opportunity to testify before you, and thank you for your interest
in and support for efforts to combat trafficking in persons. My name is Jessica Neuwirth and
I am the founder and President of Equality Now, an international human rights organization
based in New York working for the protection and promotion of the rights of women and
girls worldwide. Equality Now’s membership network is comprised of more than 25,000
individuals and organizations in 160 countries. Issues of concern to Equality Now include
trafficking of women and girls, rape, domestic violence, reproductive rights, female genital

mutilation, denial of equal access to economic opportunity and political participation, and all
other forms of violence and discrimination against women and girls.
The Trafficking Victims Protection Act of 2000 recognized that sex tourism is one of
the means through which the commercial sexual exploitation of women and girls has
contributed to the growth of the international sex industry and feeds the demand for sex

trafficking. The Trafficking Victims Protection Reauthorization Act of 2003 went a step
further in requiring the dissemination of materials alerting U.S. citizen travelers that, “sex
tourism is illegal, will be prosecuted, and presents dangers to those involved”. In evaluating
how other countries are addressing human trafficking, HR 972, the Trafficking Victims
Protection Reauthorization Act of 2005, would require adding as a minimum standard for
eliminating trafficking in the State Department’s annual report, “measures to reduce the
demand for commercial sex acts and for participation in international sex tourism”. We

should hold ourselves to the same minimum standard and play a leadership role for other
countries in this regard.
My comments today will focus on Big Apple Oriental Tours of Bellerose and
Poughkeepsie, New York and G&F Tours of New Orleans, Louisiana. I will speak about

these sex tour companies because in their methods of operation they demonstrate the typical
activities of sex tour companies. I will also speak about them because the lack of action
against them by both federal and state prosecutors is also typical of our country’s inadequate
response to the demand side of the trafficking of women and children.
From its locations in New York, Big Apple Oriental Tours was advertising its

services, communicating with potential sex tourists to persuade them to travel with Big
Apple Oriental Tours, making airline and hotel reservations, and arranging for local tour
guides in the destination countries to introduce men to women from whom they could buy
sex. The local Big Apple representative who escorted the men to the clubs was also available
to negotiate the sex acts to be purchased and their price with the “mamasan” who controlled

the women in these bars and clubs. G&F Tours in New Orleans conducts its activities in
precisely the same way, even using the same tour guide as Big Apple in Thailand.


Page 2
It should be simple to prosecute a company that so blatantly accepts money to
facilitate and arrange commercial sex acts. New York Penal Law Section 230.20 makes it a

Class A misdemeanor when a person “knowingly advances or profits from prostitution”.
Penal Law Section 230.25 makes it a Class D felony when a person “knowingly advances or
profits from prostitution by managing, supervising, controlling or owning either alone or in
association with others, a house of prostitution or a prostitution business or enterprise
involving prostitution activity by two or more prostitutes”.
Despite the clear language of the New York Penal Law and the uncontroverted
activities of Big Apple Oriental Tours, Equality Now campaigned unsuccessfully for seven

years with the Queens County District Attorney to prosecute Big Apple Oriental Tours for
promoting prostitution. Only when the case was brought to the attention of New York
Attorney General Eliot Spitzer in 2003 was a civil proceeding to shut down the company
undertaken and a criminal prosecution subsequently commenced. The criminal case was
dismissed and then the dismissal was reversed on appeal. We are now waiting for another
grand jury proceeding and hoping the case will go to trial. No other State level prosecution

against sex tour operators for promoting prostitution has even been attempted despite most
states having similar prohibitions of such activities as those of New York that I just
described. I would like to note that from the beginning of our campaign seven years ago,
Congresswoman Maloney has been tremendously supportive of our efforts to close down Big
Apple Oriental Tours and prosecute its owner/operators. I would like to thank her for this

support, which has been instrumental in leading finally to the case currently underway.
Federal prosecutors have been equally unwilling to address the demand for trafficked
women and girls created by sex tour operators and their customers. Unless it can be proven
that children are involved, they are not interested. Very often minors are involved, but it is
usually impossible to prove. Moreover, as a matter of principle as well as practicality, law
enforcement interest in sex tourism should not be confined to cases involving minors.

Section 2421 of Title 18 of the United States Code, known as the Mann Act, provides a ten
year sentence for anyone who “knowingly transports any individual in interstate or foreign
commerce . . . with the intent that such individual engage in prostitution or in any sexual
activity for which any person can be charged with a crime, or attempts to do so.” Section
2422(a) makes it a crime for anyone who “knowingly persuades, induces, entices, or coerces
any individual to travel in interstate or foreign commerce . . . to engage in prostitution, or in
any sexual activity for which any person can charged with a criminal offense, or attempts to
do so.” These provisions of the Mann Act could be effectively used against United States
sex tour operators but the Department of Justice has so far failed to apply this statute against

them. Neither of these sections requires that prostituted person or victim be a minor and
neither of these sections requires that the individual being transported or induced or
persuaded to travel in foreign commerce be the prostituted person or victim. In other words,
transporting “johns” in foreign commerce, which is exactly what sex tour companies do, falls
within the scope of the Mann Act.
In virtually every popular sex tour destination country, such as Thailand, patronizing

a prostitute is illegal and “johns” can be charged with a crime for purchasing sex acts.
Although both of the Mann Act sections just described could be applied to sex tour operators
who every day induce, persuade and ultimately transport individuals in foreign commerce to
engage in criminal sexual activity, Equality Now has not been successful in its efforts over


Page 3

the past six years to get the Department of Justice and the United States Attorneys Offices in
the Eastern District of Louisiana and Southern District New York to apply the Mann Act
against G&F Tours. By its failure to use the Mann Act against sex tour operators like G&F
Tours, the Department of Justice has created a de facto narrowing of that law’s application.

Equality Now welcomes the End Demand for Sex Trafficking Act of 2005, HR 2012,
and we thank Congresswoman Pryce and Congresswoman Maloney for their sponsorship of
this bill. The bill includes a needed clarification that the Mann Act does apply to sex tour
operators who transport purchasers as well as sellers of commercial sexual acts. We hope
this clarification will facilitate law enforcement efforts to end sex tourism. More generally,

we welcome the focus in HR 2012 on the demand for prostitution, which is the engine
driving the commercial sex industry. For too long, efforts to combat trafficking and the
commercial sex industry have focused exclusively on the supply side of the industry, which
cannot be effective in isolation. As a committee with a particular interest in the financial
workings of this industry, we hope you will work with us and support our efforts to ensure
that trafficking is addressed comprehensively, as an industry in which consumer demand for

sex tourism and prostitution play a central role in generating the demand for trafficking.
Thank you.


TOPICS: Heated Discussion
KEYWORDS: 2000; 2003; 2005; aliens; ballard; baot; bigapplesex; eliotspitzer; equalitynow; gftours; hr972; humantrafficking; illinios; immigrantlist; immigration; jessicaneuwirth; louisiana; maloney; neuwirth; newjersey; neworleans; newyork; northcarolina; orientaltours; price; pryce; sexslaves; sextourism; sextours; sextrafficking; sotu; spitzer; texas; thailand; timballard; tours
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To: Calpernia

http://www.freerepublic.com/focus/news/1677479/posts
Prostitution ring run by illegals, for illegals Feds say brothels in Texas, Oklahoma ....


61 posted on 08/03/2006 8:24:32 PM PDT by Calpernia (Breederville.com)
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http://www.freerepublic.com/focus/news/1678451/posts
Terrorism and Human Smuggling Rings in South and Central America


62 posted on 08/05/2006 2:45:55 PM PDT by Calpernia (Breederville.com)
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http://www.freerepublic.com/focus/news/1797973/posts
Women for sale in the Gatwick (England) slave auctions


63 posted on 03/09/2007 6:03:47 AM PST by Calpernia (Breederville.com)
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http://www.guardian.co.uk/crime/article/0,,1790389,00.html
'Slave auctions' targeted in crackdown on airport crime

Jacqueline Maley
Monday June 5, 2006
The Guardian

Women are being sold off in "slave auctions" in the arrivals lounges of British airports, according to authorities desperate to crack down on the burgeoning trade in trafficking humans.

The Crown Prosecution Service said foreign women were being sold as sex workers as soon as they arrived, and police have been appealing to men who frequent brothels to contact them in confidence if they believe the prostitutes may be there against their will.

(snip)

A Home Office report released five years ago estimated the number of victims of human trafficking in the UK at 1,400. But the current figure could be double that, according to Gloucestershire chief constable Tim Brain, the head of Operation Pentameter, a multi-agency taskforce launched in February to combat trafficking. The CPS conference coincides with criticisms levelled at the government by children's charities, who believe its response to the trafficking of children is "completely inadequate".

(snip)


64 posted on 03/09/2007 6:06:33 AM PST by Calpernia (Breederville.com)
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http://www.freerepublic.com/focus/news/1850454/posts
Mom accused of prostituting her 2 daughters [Hondurans in Houston, Texas]

>>>Children of the Night, a California-based advocacy group for abused teenagers, estimates that 300,000 juveniles are working as prostitutes in the United States. The ages typically range from 11 to 17, the group reports.<<<<


65 posted on 06/14/2007 6:32:05 PM PDT by Calpernia (Breederville.com)
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http://www.freerepublic.com/focus/f-news/1859097/posts
British authorities rescue ‘slave labourers’


66 posted on 07/01/2007 5:23:29 AM PDT by Calpernia (Breederville.com)
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http://www.freerepublic.com/focus/f-news/1866321/posts
N.J. Businessman Will Be Tried In Sex Tourism Case


67 posted on 07/15/2007 2:32:16 PM PDT by Calpernia (Breederville.com)
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To: Calpernia
It is sad that the focus of funding seems to be entirely on girls and women. Young boys are also abused and there seems to be little effort to do anything about it. I have been living in Moldova for the last three years working with a privately funded NGO that helps orphans in transition to society. I know of cases where normally “straight” boys have sold themselves to older men in order to survive. Prior to coming here I was in private business and had little experience or knowledge about government funded aid programs. If the average American taxpayer knew how little aid money actually does any real good to anyone but a bunch of greedy fat cats inside the beltway and is spent on the most ridiculous, idiotic programs you can imagine, they would just demand that congress stop all of it. Basically from what I have seen, all the money goes to people sitting in offices..reaping big salaries, and doing nothing...on both sides of the pond.
68 posted on 07/15/2007 6:09:11 PM PDT by flash2368 (Emphasis on women and girls...)
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To: Frank_Lee_Speaking
It's much sadder in Thailand where young girls as young as 4 month's old are sold into sex slavery in whorehouses in Bangkock.

ROTFLMAO! Do you make this up by yourself?

69 posted on 07/16/2007 5:11:08 AM PDT by killjoy (Life sucks, wear a helmet.)
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http://www.freerepublic.com/focus/news/1913761/posts
Prostitution: Legal Work or Slavery?


70 posted on 10/19/2007 7:28:40 PM PDT by Calpernia (Hunters Rangers - Raising the Bar of Integrity http://www.barofintegrity.us)
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http://www.freerepublic.com/focus/news/1917711/posts
Houston major hub for human trafficking


71 posted on 10/28/2007 7:07:28 PM PDT by Calpernia (Hunters Rangers - Raising the Bar of Integrity http://www.barofintegrity.us)
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To: LauraleeBraswell; cyborg; Calpernia; JRios1968

Bingo! Bad Thailand ping!


72 posted on 11/01/2007 8:51:29 AM PDT by Froufrou
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To: Calpernia

Cross reference thread:

http://www.freerepublic.com/focus/f-news/1941047/posts
Omnibus Bill Includes Border Fence-Gutting Amendment (This is outrageous!!!)

Tidbits on DynCorp

UN Condones Dyncorp Sex Crimes & Sex Slavery
by DOMINIC HIPKINS

A senior United Nations official is demanding that her colleagues involved in the sex trade in Bosnia should be stripped of their immunity and prosecuted.

Madeleine Rees, the UN High Commissioner for Human Rights in Bosnia, has broken ranks to demand that UN officials, international peacekeepers and police who are involved in sex crimes be brought to justice in their home countries.

Speaking exclusively to Scotland on Sunday, the British lawyer has also launched an outspoken attack on her former boss. She accuses Jacques Paul Klein, the former head of the UN Mission in Bosnia, of not taking UN complicity in the country’s burgeoning sex trade seriously enough.

In recent years there has been a massive increase in the trafficking of women in Bosnia, including girls as young as 12. The women are taken from their homes in eastern Europe by organised criminal gangs and brought to Bosnia, where they are forced into prostitution.

The trade in these so-called ‘sex slaves’ hardly existed until the mid-1990s.


73 posted on 12/18/2007 12:50:21 PM PST by Calpernia (Hunters Rangers - Raising the Bar of Integrity http://www.barofintegrity.us)
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http://www.freerepublic.com/focus/f-news/1322431/posts
Human Trafficking as 21st Century Form of Slavery


74 posted on 03/12/2008 9:35:59 AM PDT by Calpernia (Hunters Rangers - Raising the Bar of Integrity http://www.barofintegrity.us)
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To: Frank_Lee_Speaking
"It's much sadder in Thailand where young girls as young as 4 month's old are sold into sex slavery in whorehouses in Bangkock."

What??!!

An American Expat in Southeast Asia

75 posted on 03/12/2008 9:41:31 AM PDT by expatguy ("An American Expat in Southeast Asia" - New & Improved - Now with Search)
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http://www.freerepublic.com/focus/f-news/2155323/posts
Child maids now being exported to US


76 posted on 01/14/2009 3:14:21 PM PST by Calpernia (Hunters Rangers - Raising the Bar of Integrity http://www.barofintegrity.us)
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To: Calpernia; Fred Nerks; null and void; pissant; george76; PhilDragoo; Candor7; MeekOneGOP; ...

Here’s Calpernia’s old thread with updates, and totally off topic. Maybe skip #75; it’s too sick for words.


77 posted on 01/29/2009 8:21:52 PM PST by LucyT
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To: LucyT

Kill the traffickers and kill the customers. Now.


78 posted on 01/29/2009 8:36:16 PM PST by little jeremiah (Leave illusion, come to the truth. Leave the darkness, come to the light.)
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To: Calpernia
Are they paid less than their male counterparts?

The Lily Ledbetter law for Fair Play signed today ought to give sex slaves standing in the courts.
79 posted on 01/29/2009 8:38:12 PM PST by BIGLOOK (Keelhaul Congress! It's the sensible solution to restore Command to the People.)
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Sex-Slave Trade Is Thriving

Foreign Affairs News Keywords: INTERPOL, CHRISTINE DOLAN , EUROPE,

http://www.freerepublic.com/perl/latest?t=8

Posted on 07/21/2001 07:49:04 PDT by Stand Watch Listen

The Bush administration, working with Congress and the State and Justice departments, is organizing a war against violent international sex-trafficking and slavery rings.

Movement of women and children from one country to another, or within national borders, for sexual exploitation or forced labor is called trafficking. For the first seven months of the Bush administration its abolition has had a high priority. According to Interpol, profits from this trade top $19 billion annually. Congressional sources estimate that 50,000 persons are trafficked into the United States annually and 2 million worldwide. The United Nations puts the number worldwide at 4 million.

Investigative journalist Christine Dolan recently spent several months in Europe looking into this human trafficking for the International Center for Missing and Exploited Children. She found that not only are women and children being trafficked for sexual purposes, but also infants and toddlers. In her report, A Shattered Innocence: The Millennium Holocaust, she calls for a declaration of war on the mobsters, pimps and other criminals who are responsible.

Dolan applauds the U.S. government for what is being done to resist this exploitation but insists the problem is at the local level where law enforcement is badly in need of training. “They know the local mob, they know their neighborhood, but they don’t have the specialized training to outwit these international criminals,” Dolan says.

The U.S. State Department released its first Annual Trafficking in Persons Report in mid-July, as mandated by Congress last year in the Victims of Violence and Trafficking Protection Act of 2000. This law requires the State Department to expand the annual human-rights reports to cover severe forms of trafficking in persons and to create an interagency task force to coordinate efforts nationally and internationally to stop it.

Curiously, in this first report the State Department claims that only 700,000 people a year are being trafficked as sex slaves or as sweatshop workers, much lower than any other estimate. It does, however, confirm Insight’s reports that many of these victims, whatever their number, are lured by promises of gainful employment in the United States, such as waitress jobs or jobs as dancers or models, only to find themselves kidnapped, raped and sold into prostitution once they arrive (see “Sex-Slave Trade Enters the U.S.,” Nov. 27, 2000).

Last year’s legislation was the first passed in recent years to combat human trafficking. Previously the Department of Justice (DOJ) prosecuted traffickers under the old antislavery and peonage laws. The annual report it requires, say Capitol Hill sources, is supposed to monitor the problem while alerting the American people. “This report is one volley in that global fight for freedom of countless people,” says Sen. Sam Brownback, R-Kan., one of the bill’s sponsors.

“International sex trafficking is the new slavery,” Brownback says. “It includes the classic and awful elements associated with historic slavery, such as abduction from family and home, use of false promises, transport to a strange country, loss of freedom and personal dignity, extreme abuse and depravation.”

Attorney General John Ashcroft told reporters in February that fighting sex trafficking would be a priority of the DOJ during his tenure. Only 16 cases have been prosecuted in the United States since 1999, and in mid-July the attorney general issued regulations to provide assistance and protection to victims of human trafficking while their cases are investigated and prosecuted. The new rules not only enable federal law-enforcement personnel and immigration officials to protect victims, but they require and outline related training for DOJ and State Department personnel and mandate interdepartmental cooperation.

“The cooperative efforts of federal agencies and law-enforcement officials will help provide victims the tools and services needed to punish traffickers to the fullest extent of the law,” Ashcroft told reporters.

Two cases so far have been prosecuted under the new law and regulations. In March a man named Kill Soo Lee was arrested in American Samoa on a two-count federal complaint charging violations of slavery statutes. Lee held mostly female workers from Vietnam in involuntary servitude at his garment factory. That same month a landlord in Berkeley, Calif., pleaded guilty to trafficking women into the United States and placing them in sexual servitude. In February, Michael Allen Lee was charged with having forced homeless African-American men to work in his Florida fields. That same month José Tekum of Florida was sentenced to nine years in prison for felony counts that included kidnapping, slavery and immigration violations and forcing a Guatemalan women to engage in sex acts and manual labor against her will.

Because the new law requires that official assistance be given to victims on U.S. soil and directs the Justice Department among other agencies to administer this, the DOJ has set up a telephone help-line. Callers may report cases of trafficking or slavery to the National Worker Exploitation Task Force by calling (888) 428-7581 weekdays, 9 a.m. to 5 p.m. EST.

Secretary of State Colin Powell will chair a Cabinet-level interagency task force on trafficking. A State Department spokesman tells Insight that there will be an office to act as the working group for the task force. The task force has not met yet, but State already is pursuing countertrafficking measures, the spokesman says.

As many as 5,000 aliens trafficked into the United States by organized-crime syndicates will be permitted to remain on a new nonimmigrant visa, provided they assist in the investigation of their perpetrators, are younger than age 15 or can demonstrate that they would suffer severe harm if returned to their country of origin. The Office of Victims of Crime at DOJ is funding a pilot project headed by the Coalition to Abolish Slavery and Trafficking, a private organization offering assistance to victims of trafficking in Los Angeles.

Meanwhile, President George W. Bush can impose nontrade, nonhumanitarian sanctions against countries that do not comply with minimum standards to eliminate trafficking. The countries that currently have no laws against forced labor and prostitution have four years to enact such laws before being vulnerable to application of sanctions, but the president can waive such sanctions at any time.

The State Department’s annual report on this problem not only includes trafficking data gathered by the State Department from the 185 diplomatic posts worldwide, but updates Congress on progress being made by each country to combat trafficking. It also lists antitrafficking groups that have received federal funds to carry out their work.

The State Department compiled three lists of countries. Tier 1 countries are those that fully comply with minimum standards, as described in the U.S. law, that successfully prosecute trafficking and that provide assistance to victims. These include Austria, Canada, Taiwan and the United Kingdom. Tier 2 countries are those that do not fully comply with the minimum standards but are taking steps to bring themselves into compliance. State claims these include Angola, Bangladesh, China, India, Morocco, Thailand and Vietnam. Tier 3 countries do not comply with the minimum standards and are making no effort to do so. They include Albania, Bosnia, Burma, Indonesia, Pakistan, Qatar, Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates. A full listing is available from the State Department at www.state.gov.

Brownback tells Insight that he will use the information about the trafficking practices of each country to press the issue with their governments and recommend its use to the attorney general as guidance in training U.S law enforcement about the global magnitude of the problem. “The biggest problem we face is to convince people that this is actually taking place,” Brownback says. “So I applaud the attorney general for making it a top priority when he has hundreds of things to work on.”

As a result of her investigation, Dolan recently launched a group called the International Humanitarian Campaign Against the Exploitation of Children, which may be contacted on the Internet at www.helpsavekids.org. It will raise money for training local law enforcement about the problem, get rape counselors for safe houses to counsel trafficked children and raise awareness globally. “This is a transcontinental and transcriminal problem,” says Dolan. “These are criminals with no compassion, no respect for human life.”

How bad are these people? Dolan interviewed a trafficker in Albania named Alberto who said he trafficked for the quick money. He had been doing it for two years and moved his “stock” between Antwerp, Brussels and Belgium. Alberto said young girls bring very high prices. When asked how young, all he would say was, “Very young, very young.”

“People are not like tobacco and drugs, which once sold are used and literally go up in smoke,” says Dolan. “As long as human beings are alive they can be used and abused at every step of the trafficking game, being sold and resold.”


http://www.state.gov/g/inl/rls/tiprpt/2001/index.cfm?docid=3937

From Trafficing In Persons Report (2001-07):

Tier 3
Albania
Bahrain
Belarus
Bosnia-Herzegovina
Burma
Democratic Republic of Congo
Gabon
Greece
Indonesia
Israel
Kazakhstan
Lebanon
Malaysia
Pakistan
Qatar
Romania
Russia
Saudi Arabia
South Korea
Sudan Turkey
United Arab Emirates
Federal Republic of Yugoslavia


80 posted on 01/30/2009 9:26:08 AM PST by Calpernia (Hunters Rangers - Raising the Bar of Integrity http://www.barofintegrity.us)
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