Posted on 02/22/2003 6:21:37 AM PST by ponyespresso
Go therefore and make disciples of all the nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father and the Son and the Holy Spirit, teaching them to observe all that I commanded you. Matthew 28:19, 20a
What is Bible study?
Bible study is the regular, careful, systematic examination of the Scriptures themselves, with an alert mind and a prayerful, open heart, and with the intent to understand and live Gods Word.(1)
Daily devotional reading is not Bible study. Neither is Bible memorization or even hearing a verse-by-verse sermon or lecture by a pastor, teacher, or in a group setting.
Why do we need to study the Bible?
Which Bible should I study?
Use a standard, formal equivalence translation rather than a dynamic equivalence or paraphrasing translation (see appendix I).
I recommend using either a New American Standard Version, New Revised Standard Version, or King James Version. Use the New International Version only as a last resort (i.e. if you do not have access to another translation, or do not have the means to acquire another translation.). You cannot use a dynamic equivalence or paraphrasing translation (i.e. The Message, Contemporary English Version, The Good News Bible, etc) for serious Bible study.
Do not use a Bible that has too many distractions, such as pictures, charts or commentary within the text itself.
Do use a Bible that has a good concordance, colour maps and a topical index if possible.
How do I study the Bible?
We will be looking at what is called the Inductive Bible Study Method. Inductive study is an approach to inquiry in which students learn by examining the objects of the study themselves and drawing their own conclusions about these materials from that direct encounter with them.(5) There has been a general sense for many years now that too many Christians (whether they be theologians or new believers) spend too much time and effort reading about the Bible and too little time actually studying the Book itself. This method of study attempts to correct this by focusing the majority of work into simply reading the Bible and trying to discover what is there, rather than continually relying on other peoples opinions about what the Bible says. It is also infinitely adaptable to a persons ability or situation; you can use this method to study one small section of Scripture, one chapter or a whole book.
Instructions on the Inductive Bible Study Method
Part One: Observation
(Note: do these steps in order)
Step 1. Observation (1x)
Step 2. Observation (1x)
Step 3. Ask Questions
Step 4. Observations with a map (1x)
Step 5. Note Divisions (1x)
Step 6. Observation (1x)
Part Two: Interpretation
2. Ask questions to find answers
Ask questions to get definition.
After you have devoted a reasonable amount of time to answering the questions yourself, then you may begin to use dictionaries, encyclopaedias, commentaries and other secondary sources. Always refer to at least two different secondary sources so that you will have different points of view to consider.
If you are going to try to devote yourself to serious, continuous Bible study, I would recommend buying an exhaustive concordance and a Bible dictionary or encyclopaedia as the most essential resources for your library. Here are two examples of good resources:
Eerdmans Dictionary of the Bible, D. N. Freedman, ed. Grand Rapids, Mich. Wm B. Eerdmans Publishing Co., 2000 (£24.73 from Amazon.co.uk)
Anchor Bible Dictionary (6 volume set), D. N. Freedman, ed, NY, Doubleday, 1992 (£197.84 from Amazon.co.uk)
If you have access to the internet, here are some helpful online sources for information:
http://www.studylight.org
http://bible.gospelcom.net
http://unbound.biola.edu
http://www.bibles.net (best site for just printing out Bible passages)
http://bible.crosswalk.com
Part Three: Application
1. Raise the So What? Question. What does this have to do with us and with our world?
Living the Word: This is the goal of the entire process. Good Bible study is much more than an academic pursuit. It aims at human transformation by the power of Gods Word and Spirit.(7)
Tips and Techniques
(1) David L. Thompson, Bible Study That Works (Nappanee, IN: Evangel Publishing House, 1994), p. 16.
(2) Richard J. Foster, Celebration of Discipline (San Francisco: Harper Collins, 1978), p. 69.
(3) Dr. William Klein et al., Introduction to Biblical Interpretation (Dallas, TX: Word Publishing, 1993) p. 19.
(4) Westminster Confession; Chapter I:10.
(5) Thompson, p. 12.
(6) Thompson, p. 20.
(7) Thompson, p. 85. The whole Part Three quotes heavily from Chapter 6 of Thompson.
Also, if you think this is good stuff and want to use it for your own study or to share with others, please be my guest (just make sure you keep the notes on the sources that I have quotes, just so we dont get the glory, lol.)
Again, I understand that there are large tomes devoted to this subject, so don't come down too hard on what I did not include; this will eventually be a simple six or seven page handout for a Bible Study.
I am currently living in England, which is why the price for the books are in British Sterling, not Dollars.
(in theory, the Greek text itself was supposed to go here, but I couldn't make it work. It will be on my handout, though. Here, however, is the word for word translation from the UBS Greek of 1 John 3:17)
now whoever has the (this) lifes possessions of the world and sees the brother of him need having and closes inner affections his from him how [does] the love of God abide in him?
Thank you.
pony
I did a quick read as I am on my way out...did you mention that when we read scripture we should make certain that our interpretation is always consistant with the nature and attributes of God (that is how the cults get into trouble)
I like your suggestion of printing out the text you are going to study to make it "uncluttered". Simple idea, but I had never thought of it!
Also noticed your reference to Anchor Bible Dictionary. I have it on CD and it is one of the best resources I have found!
I tend to use the inductive method a fair amount. I'll read the portion several times before I even dream of cracking open a commentary (unless something shouts out to me.) Before I get to the phrase by phrase exegesis, though, I try to get a feeling for the flow of the book (usually try to come up with a thematic outline).
There are also six guiding questions I try to keep in the back of my mind:
1.) What do you like about this passage?When they taught us these at Crusade, I must admit that a part of me on the inside scoffed. They seemed overly simplistic, and yet, as I've used them in my studies, they've really helped. It keeps the balance between the theological (questions 3 and 4) and the practical (5 and 6), which is something that before I struggled to keep.2.) What do you not like about this passage? (Hey, let's admit it -- we don't like certain things that the Bible teaches. That doesn't make it less true-- so we have to safeguard against that.)
3.) What does this passage communicate about God and His nature? Us and our nature? Our relationship to Him?
4.) What do you not understand about the passage?
5.) How will you apply this passage in your life? In the next week or so?
6.) What key word or phrase will you take with you to remember this week (for application)?
Unfortunately, this is how a grat number of so-called "Bible studies" are conducted, and this emphasis on the subjective observations of the group is a poor way to treat the Word.
Who cares what it "means to you"? What is important is what it means to God.
Here is great articleon this subject. (Taken from the May/June 2002 issue of SBC Life.)
Author-Centered Interpretation
by Jeff Robinson
It is washing over evangelicalism like the violent waters from a broken dam and its tepid backwash threatens to leave eternal damage in its wake: the reader-centered approach to interpreting Scripture.
It often begins with innocent intentions, in, say, a Sunday school class or mid-week Bible study. The "teacher" or perhaps more accurately, facilitator reads a passage of Scripture. He or she follows it with the question: "Now what does this text say to you?"
And around the room it goes with disjointed responses coming like a merry-go-round off its axis: "This part where Jesus feeds the 5,000 says to me that we should not be stingy and more like the little boy with the loaves and fishes."
Or the textus classicus me-centeredus, "Philippians 4:13 means I have the power to be anything I want to be and do anything I want to do because God gives me that power."
It is against this stream of fanciful subjectivity that Robert Stein has been swimming over the past thirty-two years. Stein, the Mildred and Ernest Hogan Professor of New Testament at The Southern Baptist Theological Seminary since 1997, has established a hermeneutics program which he hopes to be his enduring legacy within evangelicalism. (Hermeneutics is the study of biblical interpretation.)
Stein teaches the author-centered approach to Scripture and employs a specific vocabulary in solving the question: "What is the author's meaning?"
"I am really frightened by how many evangelicals are buying into the reader-centered approach," said Stein. "And if you really believe that it's not the author who determines the meaning, then any doctrine of inspiration is ultimately irrelevant.
"If I'm the one that is inspired in reading the text and giving meaning to it then you have to come down real low with a view of inspiration to fit that. But if you believe that what the biblical author Mark or Paul or John what they meant is the word of God and they are inspired in writing this, then I want to know what they meant. I want to know what they meant, not treat the biblical text as kind of an inkblot that each one of us, with good imagination, sees something in it. I think that's the key issue we're facing."
Stein is a veteran of the hermeneutical battles. Prior to coming on staff at Southern, the Jersey City, N.J., native spent twenty-eight years as New Testament professor at Bethel College and Bethel Seminary in Minneapolis.
And he has contributed many works including a dozen books and scores of articles and reviews to the body of scholarly evangelical literature. Among his best-known books are Jesus the Messiah, published in 1996 by InterVarsity Press; The Synoptic Problem, first published in 1987 by Baker Books; and Playing By the Rules (Baker, 1994), the textbook used in Southern's hermeneutics classes.
Though Stein is troubled by the "reader-is-king" approach to Scripture, he does see encouraging signs of life among evangelical scholars. The pool of quality scholarship among evangelicals has deepened significantly in the past three decades, Stein says, to such a degree that evangelical scholars are now being taken seriously outside of Christian schools.
Stein says he keeps his target audience in mind when writing books.
"I wrote my Playing By the Rules for lay people," he said. "I kept in mind that I was not writing this for other professors of hermeneutics, I was not writing this so that reviewers would know how smart I am, but I constantly thought of the lay reader who would read this.
"I am very much angered by those who want to make hermeneutics so complicated that people don't know how to interpret the Bible. I think hermeneutics should be very down-to-earth and basically very helpful."
Stein's upbringing may have contributed to such conviction. He was reared in New Jersey, the youngest of two sons to German parents who immigrated to America in the roaring 20s. His brother is an attorney. Stein says his parents were uneducated but wise beyond knowledge that could be gained in any school. Their work ethic was such that it instilled in the two boys an integrity and grit that would serve them well in their careers.
"My mom's education is probably up to a fourth-grade level, my dad's up to a sixth- or seventh-grade level," he said. "They had a lot of wisdom common sense wisdom. They had integrity they kept their word, which was very special to them. They worked very hard and gave their sons a model of hard work."
The greatest issue that evangelicals will face in the 21st century is the location of the meaning of Scripture, Stein said.
"I don't think what the evangelical is going to be struggling with over the next twenty years is going to be how to interpret Genesis or creation or things of that nature. I don't think it's going to be an issue of inspiration. I think that was done in the 1970s and early-80s. I think the issue facing us is the issue of where is the meaning of the text to be found."
Intriguing. And it absolutely goes to the heart of the question that has been discussed often here: "How does one know that a particular interpretation, or a system of interpretation is the correct one?"
I would be interested in seeing other things that this man has written.
(2) Richard J. Foster, Celebration of Discipline (San Francisco: Harper Collins, 1978), p. 69.
Be very careful in your reading of Foster as he supports the Rhema school of belief
contained in the writings of Kenneth Hagin , Kenneth Copeland and others.
Further he is a follower of Agnes Sanford and her book Healing Light.
Agnes Sanford believed "experience comes before theology." She taught various visualization techniques, teaching that one could forgive another's sins through visualization. The technique of visualization became the key to her inner healing teachings. One visualizes a situation in the past, then visualizes Jesus coming into their circumstance to solve the problem. She stated "I believe imagination is one of the most important keys to effective praying . . . God touches me through my imagination . . . Imagination is one of the keys to the relationship of prayer with God." "Prayer through the imagination . . . picturing the healing." She also promoted Jungian psychotherapy, and believed Jesus became a part of the collective unconscious of the human race. Sanford called God "primal energy,? ?the very life-force existing in a radiation of an energy ... from which all things evolved," that ?God ... made everything out of Himself and He put a part of Himself into everything" and called Jesus "that most profound of psychiatrists." Sanford's pastor was Morton Kelsey who studied at the C.G. Jung Institute near Zurich, Switzerland, and who became a Jungian psychologist, as did Sanford's son, John Sanford.
He is a practicing Quaker.
If you are going to try to devote yourself to serious, continuous Bible study, I would recommend buying an exhaustive concordance and a Bible dictionary or encyclopaedia as the most essential resources for your library. Here are two examples of good resources:
Eerdmans Dictionary of the Bible, D. N. Freedman, ed. Grand Rapids, Mich. Wm B. Eerdmans Publishing Co., 2000 (£24.73 from Amazon.co.uk)
Anchor Bible Dictionary (6 volume set), D. N. Freedman, ed, NY, Doubleday, 1992 (£197.84 from Amazon.co.uk)
For a serious study of the Word of G-d,
You might want to look at this resource : Master Christian Library, V. 8
Matthew 23:39 For I tell you, you will not see me again until you say,
`Blessed is he who comes in the name of the Lord.'" [Psalm 118:26]
Barukh haba b'Shem Adonai
Blessed is He who comes in the Name of the Lord
Y'shua HaMashiach
chuck <truth@YeshuaHaMashiach>
Thanks, excellent article. I have saved it in my Documents folder for future, and continuous, reference.
Thank you!
I did a quick read as I am on my way out...did you mention that when we read scripture we should make certain that our interpretation is always consistant with the nature and attributes of God (that is how the cults get into trouble)
I guess I would ask you how exactly anyone arrives at the correct nature and attributes of God unless through Scripture, right? I mean, how did you come to your knowledge of the nature and attributes of God?
OH NO! GOD HELP US! The EVIL Rhema school, AND Kenneth Hagin--AND Kenneth Copeland. GOD SAVE US FROM THESE DEMONS!!!!!!!!!
I see these things like "The 5 minute Bible Study" or some such crap and I just think that, IMO, there is no way they anyone using stuff like that is getting the solid food of the Word of God.
All this stuff, study, meditation, fasting, praying, worshiping, they ALL take up a lot of time. Good. What else do we have to do with our lives but spend it knowing and loving our Saviour, right?
Sorry, it's a tangent. Didn't mean to take it out on you, lol.
I like your suggestion of printing out the text you are going to study to make it "uncluttered". Simple idea, but I had never thought of it!
Actually, what I've been doing is making folders for the book that I am studying. For example, I am working through Numbers, so I print out the whole book; that way I can scribble all over it with notes and thoughts. Then, when I get to words or things I want to research (like the concept of redemption in Numbers chap. 3) I photocopy the articles from secondary sources (or what I have downloaded from the internet) and keep them in the folder.
Ideally I will have 66 really full folders at the end of it (which, at the rate it is going, will be in about 35-50 years.)
Unfortunately, this is how a grat number of so-called "Bible studies" are conducted, and this emphasis on the subjective observations of the group is a poor way to treat the Word.
Who cares what it "means to you"? What is important is what it means to God.
Scary stuff. Do you think the lesson plan I've posted encourages such subjective obervations? Or, should I include a stronger warning about sticking to what the text is saying, rather than how you *feel* about the text?
How to Read a Book; read it, loved it, will strongly consider including it in my resourses because several other people have suggested it to me as well.
Living by the Book; honestly never heard of it before, but will try to find it here.
thanks
I pray that you understand the difference between Rhema ( the word itself as spoken by man) and Logos( the Word of G-d).
Acts 17:11 Now the Bereans were of more noble character than the
Thessalonians, for they received the message with great
eagerness and examined the Scriptures every day to see if
what Paul said was true.
chuck <truth@YeshuaHaMashiach>
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