But who is it that TEACHES this pastor?
And how does he know if he's getting the straight skinny?
Both good questions, and that's why the pastor has to look at all sides of an issue, even though he might not like what he hears, and evaluate everything. Then that pastor has to have the leading of the Holy Ghost in his life. Without Him, he won't be able to perform the task he's been given.
Being a pastor, or shepherd, of the flock is not a calling to be taken lightly, and if he is not willing to hear or be taught things he doesn't like or agree with, then he shouldn't be behind the pulpit. I know, cuz I've been there, and the hardest thing for a pastor, for anyone, to do is acknowledge when and where they fall short. The hardest words to ever tell anyone, no matter what your occupation, are these three, "I was wrong."
Now, as for the passages you shared, I noticed you used the NIV, which is perhaps the worst version of the Bible ever. I would encourage you to put the NIV, KJV and the 1599 Geneva Bible side by side by side, then compare them. I think you'll find how lacking the NIV is compared to versions that came out before Hort and Wescott did their damage to the Holy Scriptures. There is a program called e-Sword that will let you download many different Bible versions and would be helpful for you in your studies. The link is below.
Based on what STANDARD?
NIV is not the worst translation…..that’d be the Cotton Patch translation.