[rwa265]

It’s not just the Catholic version. The KJV, NASB, NIV, ESV, among others, also reference the words of the prophet. The Holy Spirit did not inspire Matthew to reveal which prophets spoke those words

[boatbums]

This may answer the question you are asking:

Matthew 2:23 from the OJB (Orthodox Jewish Bible):

And Yosef [ben Dovid] made his home in the shtetl (Jewish village) called Natzeret, so that which was spoken by the Neviim might be fulfilled: He will be called a Natzri [i.e., Moshiach the Netzer,Tzemach, Isa 11:1; Jer 23:5; Zech 3:8; Isa 53:2; Zech 6:11-12].

Netzer is a “branch”. The Messiah is called the branch. From Isaiah 11:1 “And there shall come forth a rod out of the stem of Jesse,
and a Branch shall grow out of his roots:”

[Elsie]

The Holy Spirit did not inspire Matthew to reveal which prophets spoke those words

Or the Jews to record them in the OT; either.