First mention precedes catholic church by a few hundred years.
“And having found him, he brought him unto Antioch. And it came to pass, that a whole year they assembled themselves with the church, and taught much people. And that the disciples were called Christians first in Antioch”
Acts 11:26
The Catholic Church was founded by Christ on the Apostles, the first Bishops.
It’s in your Bible.
JOHN 20
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19 On the evening of that day, the first day of the week, the doors being shut where the disciples were, for fear of the Jews, Jesus came and stood among them and said to them, "Peace be with you."
20 When he had said this, he showed them his hands and his side. Then the disciples were glad when they saw the Lord.
21 Jesus said to them again, "Peace be with you. As the Father has sent me, even so I send you."
22 And when he had said this, he breathed on them, and said to them, "Receive the Holy Spirit.
23 If you forgive the sins of any, they are forgiven; if you retain the sins of any, they are retained."
Rev 2:6