USO Canteen FReeper Style FReeper FRiday Salutes Zbigniew~SAMWolfs Dad ....October 11,2002

A beautiful tribute to SAMWolf's father. It's so nice to see these wonderful photos of Sam's parents as well as the written family history, thank you Sam.

Snow Bunny this presentation is so tastefully done.

Thank you. Big (((((((HUGS))))))) to both of you!

Aww Cote. How come you always manage to bring a tear to my eye?

Like I said my dad is a very soft spoken man, he never says much, but we always knew he loved us. We never went without anything we needed. We didn't get any of the frills. Both my mom and dad had their educations interrupted by the war and they made sure that their kids had whatever they needed to get the best education they could. We went to Catholic grammer school and my sisters all went to Catholic high school. At the time I didn't realize what a sacrifice they made to provide those educations. I do now.

Good night all, I'm going to bed, the toothpicks just popped out of my eyelids.

I lived on Cortez, right across the street from Lafayette School, up until about 1956.

Thelonious Monk

Thelonious Monk was born on October 10, 1917 in Rocky Mount, North Carolina. He grew up in New York City, the center of jazz in the world, and this probably influenced his later decisions in his career.
He began having piano lessons when he was five and soon became very skilled. When he was 13 he was banned from a weekly amateur contest at the Apollo Theater because he simply won too many times.
By 1937 he was playing at Minton's Playhouse in Harlem and he spent the early 1940's playing at other clubs in Harlem such Monroe's Uptown House. He played with Lucky Millinder in 1942 and the Cootie Williams Orchestra in 1944. Williams recorded two of Monk's pieces, including "'Round Midnight" but Monk was not well known until he became the regular pianist with Coleman Hawkins.

In 1945 he formed a style of bebop that was so ahead of the times that many bebop players thoughts that he was a nut. His name, personality, and funny hats did not help his defense. By 1947 he had basically formed a style of music that would not be obsolete for 25 years.
However, he was not accepted for many years and fought just to stay alive. He managed to play occasionally with Bird and Diz (Parker and Gillespie) but it was not enough.

Monk made his big break when he wigned with Riverside and producer Orrin Keepnews who persuaded him to record an album of Duke Ellington hits that could connect him with the average jazz fan. In 1956 Brilliant Corners made him a household name.
In 1957 he started playing at the Five Spot with a quartet that included John Coltrane on the tenor. Coltrane soon left but was quickly replaced by Johnny Griffin. In 1964 Monk became one of only four jazz musicians to ever appear on the cover of Time magazine with his new group that was arguably even better than the first.
The orchestra featured Charlie Rouse on tenor. Monk's greatest compositions include "Round Midnight," "Straight No Chaser," "52nd Street Theme," "Blue Monk," "Misterioso," "Epistrophy," and "Brilliant Corners." In 1971 and 1972 he played with the Giants of Jazz, which featured Gillespie, Sonny Stitt, and Art Blakey. Monk also performed with great jazz musicians as Miles Davis.

In 1973 he stunned the jazz world by retiring because of a mental illness. He made a few guest appearances (Including Lincoln Center, Carnegie Hall, and the Newport Jazz Festival) for the next few years but mostly lived in seclusion with his wife Nellie Smith, whom he had married back in 1947.
They had two children, Barbara and Thelonious, Jr. Monk died in Weehawken, New Jersey on February 17, 1982. The second Thelonious would also become a musician. Monk has over 70 songs to his credit.

Since his death the Smithsonian Institute has dedicated an archive to his music and the US Postal Service has issued a stamp honoring his life and music. Thelonious Jr. has since founded The Thelonious Monk Institute of Jazz to honor and preserve Monk's music and style. Thelonious Jr. also continues to play his father's music in his own quintet.

"...he was just doing what needed to be done."

But SAM, that's what all the heroes say...and they mean it. I'm sure someone has said it before, but the difference between heroes and zeroes is just that. A man (or woman) does what needs to be done, or they just sit back on their kiester and let someone else do it.

The amazing men and women who are at this very moment serving our great nation in our Armed Forces are the heroes, each and every one of them...because they are out there getting the job done.

Thank you souris! Yes, the Poles were using mostly captured German uniforms and equipment. That's why the memorial in Warsaw shows them wearing german helmets.

My dad still has an intense hatred for the Communists, they sat across the Vistula river for two months and did nothing while the Germans reduced Warsaw and destroyed the Home Army. They refused the Americans and British the use of airfields and by the time they allowed parachute supply drops the Germans held most of the city and the supplies fell into German hands.

I grew up on Rockwell and North Ave. Went to St. Fidelis.

0732 - Abd ar-Rahman, Yemenite general strategist (Bordeaux occupier), dies

Abd ar-Rahman , d. 732, Muslim governor of Spain (721–32). Invading Aquitaine in 732, he won a victory over the Franks at Toulouse but was defeated in the battle of Tours by Charles Martel.

Salute to SamWolf's Dad...Bump !!

Let's Roll !!

The RATS are in disarray...eradicate the rodents !!

Fire Democrats, Hire Republicans !!

GWB Is The Man !!

Snuff Saddam, NOW !!

Death To all Tyrant's !!

The Second Amendment...
America's Original Homeland Security !!

Freedom Is Worth Fighting For !!

Molon Labe !!

Morning, Snowbie! Wow, what an interesting thread! This is the kind of history that never seems to get told. Thanks!

SAMWolf, thank your dad and mom for us! This is wonderful stuff. Thanks again.

1531 - Battle at Kappel: Swiss RC kantons beat protestant

At the beginning of the sixteenth century, Switzerland was still nominally a part of the Holy Roman Empire. In fact, it was for all practical purposes wholly independent. Its constitutional structure was that of a loose confederation of thirteen cantons, which had evolved from an original nucleus of three. There was a diet, which represented all the cantons, but its decisions, to be binding, had to be unanimous; and it was left to each canton to enforce them. Thus each canton enjoyed a great deal of autonomy. Some cantons were rural; others were dominated by the flourishing cities whose names they bore, such as Basel, Bern, and Zurich.

The natural resources of the small, mountainous country were limited. To provide needed income, the Swiss had turned to the practice of training mercenary troops and hiring them out to foreign powers. There were patriots in Switzerland who strongly opposed this practice, seeing that it had a demoralizing effect both on the young men who became soldiers and on Swiss public life. The most conspicuous evil was the "pensions" or bribes paid to influential Swiss politicians to secure their continued acquiescence in the mercenary system. The condition of the pre-Reformation church and clergy in Switzerland was not unlike that which prevailed elsewhere. On the one hand, there was doctrinal orthodoxy and great devotion; on the other, anticlericalism, nurtured by the consciousness of abuses, including a clergy that was often ignorant and worldly, and sometimes immoral. Conflicts between secular and religious authority were not uncommon, because the laity resented and resisted the encroachment of the church in civil matters. The powers of the priesthood were more limited in Switzerland than in some other places, and the clergy was in general subject to the jurisdiction of the lay courts.

Zurich, where the Swiss Reformation began, was in touch with currents from the outside world. Besides being a center of trade and manufacture, it was much frequented by travelers and was the home of many foreign ambassadors. Its government was controlled by the guilds, of which all male citizens were members. The chief political authorities were the two councils, one of 50 and the other of 212; the larger was the highest authority in the city. It had long exercised jurisdiction over the church and the clergy, and church property was taxable.

It was in a spot not far from Zurich that Ulrich Zwingli was born on January 1, 1484, only a few months after the birth of Luther. He was destined early for the priesthood, and was exposed to the influence of humanism, becoming a follower of Erasmus's ideas. At the University of Basel, where he received his degrees (bachelor's in 1504, master's two years later), he heard the theological teachings of Thomas Wyttenbach, whose ideas in some ways anticipated Luther's: He taught that the Bible was the supreme authority and that faith was the key to the remission of sins. Zwingli was ordained in 1506, and served from that year until 1516 as parish priest at Glarus. As an Erasmian, he devoted himself to Bible study and even learned Greek in order to be able to read the New Testament in the original. He also became an outspoken critic of the mercenary system and of the pensions that helped to perpetuate it. On this subject he acquired firsthand experience by serving as a chaplain with the troops of Glarus, which served in Italy on three different occasions. His views on the mercenary system aroused so much opposition that he moved to Einsiedeln, where, as he always claimed, he found the truth. He began preaching in a more evangelical manner and denouncing the failings of the church.

At the beginning of the year 1519, he began to preach in the cathedral of Zurich, to which he had been called. He immediately created a sensation by announcing a departure from the usual method. Instead of following the prescribed scriptural readings, he would preach straight through the Gospel of Matthew, and he would base his exposition exclusively on the Scriptures. He became famous and popular, but at the same time aroused strong conservative opposition. During his first years in Zurich, his own commitment to the teachings of the reformers deepened, partly through his avid readings of Luther's writings. Though he was impressed by Luther's works, he had been reaching his basic conclusions before this time, and he never acknowledged his reading of Luther as marking a turning point in his own spiritual evolution. From 1520 on he preached pure Reformation doctrine and was conscious of his mission as a reformer. Meanwhile, through his influence, Zurich withdrew from the traffic in mercenaries.

The Reformation in Zurich actually began in 1522. During Lent some members of Zwingli's congregation publicly ate meat and defended their behavior by appealing to his assertion that only the commands of the Bible were binding on the conscience. Zwingli had not personally taken part in the meat-eating, but he took the responsibility for it and defended it in writing. The bishop of Constance, whose diocese included Zurich, objected; but the city council supported Zwingli. In August the clergy of the city decided unanimously to preach nothing not found in the Bible.

In 1523 the city government arranged for two public disputations on controversial points of religion. The civil authorities were to hold the disputations, make the rules, and decide which side had won. It was thus the state that took the lead in the introduction of the Reformation in Zurich. In decreeing that all points must be proved from the Bible, the council already revealed a certain bias in favor of Zwingli and his party. The same bias was apparent in the decisions of the council, which declared that Zwingli, the chief debater on the Reformed side, had not been refuted from the Bible, and that he and the other preachers should continue to teach only what was in the Scriptures. In essence this meant that Zurich had adopted the Reformation.

Zwingli's views, as we have seen in the preceding chapter, were to prove too radical for Luther. On the other hand, for some who had been his followers, they were to seem too conservative. These were the first so-called Anabaptists, who will be treated in Chapter 15. Zwingli, who believed in both infant baptism and a state church, became hopelessly alienated from this group. He was perhaps the most politically minded of the great reformers, and worked closely with the civic authorities in carrying out his program. During the next few years, the remaining Catholic elements in the religious life of Zurich were gradually removed, until, with the abolition of the Mass in 1525, the revolution was complete. The church service was drastically simplified, and even music was done away with completely, though Zwingli loved music and was himself an accomplished musician. All gold and silver ornamentation was removed from the churches. Public worship came to consist of prayers, public confession of sins, the recitation of the Lord's Prayer and the Apostles' Creed, and preaching. Services were held every day. From 1523, priests and nuns had been marrying; Zwingli himself married in 1524.

One of the casualties of the Reformation in Zurich was the friendship of Zwingli with his old idol Erasmus, who found the movement too radical for his taste. An additional source of ill-feeling was the help that Zwingli gave to Ulrich von Hutten in 1523. Hutten, a broken and dying man after his flight from Germany, had been turned away by Erasmus, then living in Basel, while Zwingli received him and gave him what help he could.

Zwingli was conscious of social problems, and devoted attention to efforts to deal with them. Through his work, serfdom was abolished, and poor relief was put under the supervision of the civil power. By laws of 1525, matrimonial cases came under the jurisdiction of the council, with divorce permitted in some instances. Zwingli was not satisfied to see the Gospel triumph in Zurich alone, but worked actively to promote its spread throughout the Confederation. His policy in this respect may fairly be called a kind of religious imperialism, because he favored the use of force to impose his religious ideas and came more and more to embrace the rightness of conquest for the sake of the faith. Both Basel and Bern came to embrace the reform in the 1520s. In Basel the leader of the movement was Johannes Oecolampadius, who became preacher in one of the churches in 1525. The city of Basel went over completely to the Protestant side in 1529; the change was accelerated by popular tumult that drove the city's most distinguished resident, Erasmus, to leave. Oecolampadius was a friend and fellow worker of Zwingli, whose theology he adopted, especially on the crucial issue of the Lord's Supper.

In Bern also the Reformed group steadily gained strength until by 1527 it had a majority in the two governing councils of the city. A public disputation was held in 1528 between Catholics and Reformers, in which one of the participants was Martin Bucer, leader of the Reformed preachers at Strasbourg. The outcome of the Bern Disputation was the adoption by the city of the Reformed religion. It also had effects in Strasbourg, where it helped to bring the final abolition of the Mass.

The work of Zwingli and his colleagues split the Confederation, because the rural or forest cantons Uri, Schwyz, Unterwalden, Zug, and Lucerne remained Catholic. These Catholic cantons formed a league, which in 1529 made an alliance with Austria. Zurich, Bern, and some of the other Reformed cantons formed a league of their own; but, as a result of the Marburg Colloquy, they were less successful in obtaining help. They were joined, however, by Constance and Strasbourg, Reformed imperial free cities, which were not members of the Swiss Confederation. By this time, Zwingli, as the religious leader of much of Switzerland and southern Germany, was at the height of his influence. In 1529, Zurich, at the head of the Reformed league, declared war on the Catholic cantons. The Protestant forces far outnumbered their opponents, who failed to secure help from their Austrian allies. Actually this "war" hardly deserves the name, because it was over virtually before it started; the Catholics were in no position to put up a fight, and not a shot was fired. The terms of the treaty, The First Peace of Kappel of 1529, were very favorable to Protestants.

The Catholics gave up the Austrian alliance, the majority in each canton would decide its religion, and there was to be no persecution. Zwingli was not pleased at the outcome, because he recognized that the treaty was only a truce and that a resumption of fighting was inevitable.

His foresight was not shared by the Zurich authorities, who neglected to prepare for war. They were, therefore, taken by surprise when the forest cantons attacked in 1531. Zurich hastily assembled its troops, but its preparations were inadequate. Zwingli, who had accompanied the Protestant army in the earlier war, was present this time also as chief pastor or chaplain. The battle of Kappel was fought on October 11, 1531. The forces of Zurich were badly defeated; but, even more disastrous for their cause, Zwingli was killed. The Second Peace of Kappel (November 24, 1531) provided that each canton would manage its own religious affairs. The Protestant dream of conquering all of Switzerland was shattered. Although Zwingli's place in Zurich was taken by the able Heinrich Bullinger, who became a leading figure in the international Protestant movement, Zurich lost something of its previous position. Soon its influence in Switzerland would yield to that of the Frenchman John Calvin.

Good morning Canteen members

Well there is weird story on Wash Post AP wire reporting that woman is asking Dubya send her son home reason is that guy that got whack in Kuwait war exercise has twin and she fearing he might get hurt in the future

She pull ole Sullivan brother reset saying I sacifice one son you want sacifice ANOTHER

She fearing that her mental outlook would cause her to have nervous breakdown if her other son get killed

Just watch if something happen to twin son

OH MY GOD the sport site would do

Dubya don't do Sullivan resets

OH MY God they be goofing on Dubya if this woman going into breakdown

It just weird story I bought up