Toyota’s VIN does indeed include the original color code. I just don’t know if all manufacturers do.
The VIN tag/sticker/plate may have a color code also printed, but the VIN itself does not have a place for color. Manufacturer is irrelevant as the VIN is universal.
First digit - country of manufacture
2nd and 3rd - identify manufacturing company
4th through 8th - brand, engine size, type
9th - security check digit
10th - vehicle model
11th - assembly plant identification
last 6 - serial number/order of manufacturing