That’s not what the Fifth Amendment says. “nor shall be compelled in any criminal case to be a witness against himself”. I would think that being forced to provide passwords to your accounts would be covered. If the police want evidence, you don’t have to give it to them. They may seize it, but it’s up to them to unlock it.
Important part there being WITNESS. If they have a warrant for the item in question you most certainly DO have to give it to them. And if they have a warrant that says you have to unlock it (say the item in question is a tamper proof safe) then you have to open it. That’s where a lot these cellphone cases hang, because many of them will wipe the data if you fail login too many times they have a reasonable expectation that evidence could be destroyed if they tried to unlock it themselves you get to open it for them.