Posted on 04/23/2010 12:50:45 AM PDT by KDD
A drilling rig that burned for more than a day before sinking Thursday has fouled Gulf of Mexico waters with a potentially major spill of crude oil, officials said. The collapse of the oil rig could disgorge up to 336,000 gallons of crude a day into waters about 40 miles off the Louisiana coast. U.S. Coast Guard Rear Adm. Mary Landry said the sunken rig, the Deepwater Horizon, increased the threat for environmental damage, which previously appeared minimal. With new challenges from the collapsed rig, a growing assemblage of cleanup crews began to work in the area, hoping to stop the oil before the spill were to reach the shore.
Meteorologists predicted a change in the Gulf's current today that would push the oil toward the Louisiana and Mississippi coastlines. But Landry said the spill isn't expected to reach the coast. “We have the ability to keep it offshore,” she said. BP, the oil company that leased the offshore rig, said it had mobilized four aircraft that can spread chemicals to break up the oil and 32 vessels that can recover more than 171,000 barrels of oil a day from the surface. BP officials also expected to have a million feet of boom in place to help contain the spill by today. “We have contingency plans in place to respond to any anticipated situation, and the full resources of BP are being mobilized to implement those plans,” said David Rainey, vice president of Gulf exploration for BP. Even then, federal and BP officials said it wasn't clear whether oil was flowing from the well after the platform sank because they didn't know what was happening underwater.
(Excerpt) Read more at chron.com ...
Does anyone know what is running this and on what kind of pipe? I PRAY there is some kind of well control or things are about to get real exciting, real quick!
TW I was mostly just thinking out loud!
SURELY they have a handle on this!
Surely they do?
TW I was mostly just thinking out loud!
SURELY they have a handle on this!
Surely they do?
They might have to flare it off at the location like the old days, huh?
When I was at McNeese taking freshman geology (they only offered one year), the instructor told us about how he used to be able, as a young man driving in southern Ohio and Indiana, to turn his headlights off at night and drive by the light of the gas flares. They had a ton of Paleozoic production up there -- Trenton Formation, I think -- mostly oil, not enough gas to gather and do anything constructive with, apparently. So they flared it off, like the Saudis and Kuwaitis.
Hmmmm, Becnel shaking the tree a little bit? Wait, that never happens, does it?
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[r-b] I have seen that 19,000 ft. depth before and can't imagine BP or Transocean failed inform Halliburton.
That's just fantastic, that kind of crap would get a big company kicked instantly out of scout check indefinitely, didn't matter who it was. That BP scout would be like Alice Kramden -- the next man to visit the moon.
The depth discrepancy they're talking about probably involves (IF it exists) either tidal measurement miscalculations, or alternatively the difference between the ST TD by pipe tally as measured, or by Steel Line Measure Out of Hole (SLMOH) if they "strapped out" (often done at TD as a check on the pipe tally), and the depth at which they found the top of the bridge after the hole sloughed and bridged a little bit -- the last few feet, whatever it was.
Yes indeed and the problem really is that they don't really know exactly what they are dealing with since the well was never completed and they never did any bottom hole sampling.
They also have a full set of logs.
OK! Guess I missed that somehow.
That makes me feel somewhat better. Those test won’t tell them the exact composition of the well fluids but it does, at least, give them SOME information to work with.
Same thing East of Conroe in the old days. You could read a newspaper at midnight even when there was no moonlight.
Interesting you would bring that up. My dad tells the story of running gas lift valves off a workover rig in Conroe in the mid 70’s. He took the company field engineer to lunch and when they returned the rig had burned to the ground!
Same here, way back when.
http://www.roughneckcity.com/Transocean_Horizon.html
In the 50’s flares were like giant candles lighting the road from Corpus Cristie to Brownsville.
From today’s email:
This Just In...
Guys, I received this in email earlier. It appears to be legit and is an account of what operations on Deepwater Hmorizon at the time of explosion by an individual who was there. I am going to post the text of the email here ‘as is” for you to toss around and give your thoughts on. Please do not ask me for information other than what is posted below. I cannot and will not reveal anymore information about the source.
” ...They had set A 9-5/8 Tapered Production Liner, did their cement job, had positive tested, and also negative tested, they were going to set a balanced plug around 3000’ below the well head which would be at about 8000’, the senior company man wanted to set the balanced plug in mud, but the engineers wanted to displace with water prior to setting balanced plug, so they displaced from 3000’ below mud line, and were getting ready to set plug. The derrickman called the driller and said he needed help, he had mud going everywhere, and about this time the drill floor disapeared, then there was an explosion, then a second explosion.
The flames are now going straight up allowing evacuation of men, then you know the rest.
The hands that are missing are the ones that were on the drill floor and pump room. You know the results of that. This all took place in less than a minute.
Rig was evacuated in about 25 minutes.
It is believed that the seal assembly at the well head gave up. If that is the case and they would have set the balanced plug in mud then displaced the riser, it would only have delayed what happened by a couple of hours.
Gas must have channeled through the cement job and up the back side of the 9-5/8 production casing.
This is all I know at present.”
What follows below was also attached to the email and is a 3rd party account/opinion in his own words
“I continue getting calls asking what happened on this problem so here’s a response from a friend in the oil business with possible inside info on the blowout. Please keep in mind this is an “UNOFFICIAL” report so this may or may not be factual. However, the scenario as written makes reasonable sense as far as I am concerned. The focus needs to be on well control now and not speculation as to what may or may not have happened. BP, the MMS and most likely a third party will certainly provide a very in-depth investigation which will be the official report. Having said that I would certainly not look forward to a copy of that report as it will be furnished only to those in need due to the possible liabilities of the findings.”
Details as conveyed to me:
This well had been giving some problems all the way down and was a big discovery. Big pressure, 16ppg+ mud weight. They ran a long string of 7” production casing - not a liner, the confusion arising from the fact that all casing strings on a floating rig are run on drill pipe and hung off on the wellhead on the sea floor, like a “liner”. They cemented this casing with lightweight cement containing nitrogen because they were having lost circulation in between the well kicking all the way down.
The calculations and the execution of this kind of a cement job are complex, in order that you neither let the well flow from too little hydrostatic pressure nor break it down and lose the fluid and cement from too much hydrostatic. But you gotta believe BP had 8 or 10 of their best double and triple checking everything.
On the outside of the top joint of casing is a seal assembly - “packoff” - that sets inside the subsea wellhead and seals. This was set and tested to 10,000 psi, OK. Remember they are doing all this from the surface 5,000 feet away. The technology is fascinating, like going to the moon or fishing out the Russian sub, or killing all the fires in Kuwait in 14 months instead of 5 years. We never have had an accident like this before so hubris, the folie d’grandeur, sort of takes over. BP were the leaders in all this stretching the envelope all over the world in deep water.
This was the end of the well until testing was to begin at a later time, so a temporary “bridge plug” was run in on drill pipe to set somewhere near the top of the well below 5,000 ft. This is the second barrier, you always have to have 2, and the casing was the first one. It is not know if this was actually set or not. At the same time they took the 16+ ppg mud out of the riser and replaced it with sea water so that they could pull the riser, lay it down, and move off.
When they did this, they of course took away all the hydrostatic on the well. But this was OK, normal, since the well was plugged both on the inside with the casing and on the outside with the tested packoff. But something turned loose all of a sudden, and the conventional wisdom would be the packoff on the outside of the casing.
Gas and oil rushed up the riser; there was little wind, and a gas cloud got all over the rig. When the main inductions of the engines got a whiff, they ran away and exploded. Blew them right off the rig. This set everything on fire. A similar explosion in the mud pit / mud pump room blew the mud pumps overboard. Another in the mud sack storage room, sited most unfortunately right next to the living quarters, took out all the interior walls where everyone was hanging out having - I am not making this up - a party to celebrate 7 years of accident free work on this rig. 7 BP bigwigs were there visiting from town.
In this sense they were lucky that the only ones lost were the 9 rig crew on the rig floor and 2 mud engineers down on the pits. The furniture and walls trapped some and broke some bones but they all managed to get in the lifeboats with assistance from the others.
The safety shut ins on the BOP were tripped but it is not clear why they did not work. This system has 4 way redundancy; 2 separate hydraulic systems and 2 separate electric systems should be able to operate any of the functions on the stack. They are tested every 14 days, all of them. (there is also a stab on the stack so that an ROV can plug in and operate it, but now it is too late because things are damaged).
The well is flowing through the BOP stack, probably around the outside of the 7” casing. As reported elsewhere, none of the “rams”, those being the valves that are suppose to close around the drill pipe and / or shear it right in two and seal on the open hole, are sealing. Up the riser and out some holes in it where it is kinked. A little is coming out of the drill pipe too which is sticking out of the top of the riser and laid out on the ocean floor. The volumes as reported by the media are not correct but who knows exactly how much is coming?
2 relief wells will be drilled but it will take at least 60 days to kill it that way. There is a “deep sea intervention vessel” on the way, I don’t know if that means a submarine or not, one would think this is too deep for subs, and it will have special cutting tools to try to cut off the very bottom of the riser on top of the BOP. The area is remarkably free from debris. The rig “Enterprise” is standing by with another BOP stack and a special connector to set down on top of the original one and then close. You saw this sort of thing in Red Adair movies and in Kuwait, a new stack dangling from a crane is just dropped down on the well after all the junk is removed. But that is not 5,000 ft underwater.
One unknown is if they get a new stack on it and close it, will it broach around the outside of all the casing??
In order for a disaster of this magnitude to happen, more than one thing has to go wrong, or fail. First, a bad cement job. The wellhead packoff / seal assembly, while designed to hold the pressure, is just a backup. And finally, the ability to close the well in with the BOP somehow went away.
A bad deal for the industry, for sure. Forget about California and Florida. Normal operations in the Gulf will be overregulated like the N. Sea. And so on.
From today’s NYT:
NEW ORLEANS - Nearly 50 miles offshore at the big oil rig floating on a glassy-calm sea, a helicopter landed early on the morning of April 20, carrying four executives from BP, the oil company. The men were visiting the Deepwater Horizon to help honor the crew for its standout safety record.
...
At one point during the previous several weeks, so much of it came belching up to the surface that a loudspeaker announcement called for a halt to all “hot work,” meaning any smoking, welding, cooking or any other use of fire. Smaller belches, or “kicks,” had stalled work as the job was winding down.
Read it here:
http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/37033430/ns/us_news-the_new_york_times/page/3/
If you just happened to drill into a deposit of methane hydrates roughly 4 miles deep how would you know that you had done so up on the surface?
I didn’t phrase my question very well in the above post.
What I meant to ask is how does one know that he has drilled into or through a pocket of methane hydrates?
They ain’t going to still be hydrates when they get back to the surface.
Is it possible that this happened in the case under discussion here?
What would happen IF you pumped a bunch of cement into a hydrate formation while cementing a casing string for instance?
Will the cement flow normally in that situation?
Could a large hydrate pocket screw up a cement job and especially if the cement were of the foamed variety?
I will try to answer, most deep seafloor hydrate occurs in unconsolidated or semi-consolidated sediments, commonly silts, with about 50% porosity but quite low permeability, so you won’t find them below the silty bottom. The pressure of the rocks above them would crush their crystal structure freeing the menthane.
Canadian, Japanese and US research show thickness of 110 meters to 800 meters.
On land they have been found in wells drilled in the permafrost and just below the permafrost and are a hazard.
Thanks Bert!
The thought came to me today and since it was beyond my level of understanding I had to ask.
I guess if I had thought about it some more I would have eventually realized that hydrates can not exist in or below a rock layer.
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