Posted on 03/24/2004 11:52:23 PM PST by neverdem
Cold fusion, briefly hailed as the silver-bullet solution to the world's energy problems and since discarded to the same bin of quackery as paranormal phenomena and perpetual motion machines, will soon get a new hearing from Washington.
Despite being pushed to the fringes of physics, cold fusion has continued to be worked on by a small group of scientists, and they say their figures unambiguously verify the original report, that energy can be generated simply by running an electrical current through a jar of water.
Last fall, cold fusion scientists asked the Energy Department to take a second look at the process, and last week, the department agreed.
No public announcement was made. A British magazine, New Scientist, first reported the news this week, and Dr. James F. Decker, deputy director of the science office in the Energy Department, confirmed it in an e-mail interview.
"It was my personal judgment that their request for a review was reasonable," Dr. Decker said.
For advocates of cold fusion, the new review brings them to the cusp of vindication after years of dismissive ridicule.
"I am absolutely delighted that the D.O.E. is finally going to do the right thing," Dr. Eugene F. Mallove, editor of Infinite Energy magazine, said. "There can be no other conclusion than a major new window has opened on physics."
The research is too preliminary to determine whether cold fusion, even if real, will live up to its initial billing as a cheap, bountiful source of energy, said Dr. Peter Hagelstein, a professor of electrical engineering and computer science at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology who has been working on a theory to explain how the process works. Experiments have generated small amounts of energy, from a fraction of a watt to a few watts.
Still, Dr. Hagelstein added, "I definitely think it has potential for commercial energy production."
Dr. Decker said the scientists, not yet chosen, would probably spend a few days listening to presentations and then offer their thoughts individually. The review panel will not conduct experiments, he said.
"What's on the table is a fairly straightforward question, is there science here or not?" Dr. Hagelstein said. "Most fundamental to this is to get the taint associated with the field hopefully removed."
Fusion, the process that powers the Sun, combines hydrogen atoms, releasing energy as a byproduct. In March 1989, Drs. B. Stanley Pons and Martin Fleischmann, two chemists at the University of Utah, said they had generated fusion in a tabletop experiment using a jar of heavy water, where the water molecules contain a heavier version of hydrogen, deuterium, and two palladium electrodes. A current running through the electrodes pulled deuterium atoms into the electrodes, which somehow generated heat, the scientists said. Dr. Fleischmann speculated that the heat was coming from fusion of the deuterium atoms.
Other scientists trying to reproduce the seemingly simple experiment found the effects fickle and inconsistent. Because cold fusion, if real, cannot be explained by current theories, the inconsistent results convinced most scientists that it had not occurred. The signs of extra heat, critics said, were experimental mistakes or generated by the current or, perhaps, chemical reactions in the water, but not fusion.
Critics also pointed out that to produce the amount of heat reported, conventional fusion reactions would throw out lethal amounts of radiation, and they argued that the continued health of Drs. Pons and Fleischmann, as well as other experimenters, was proof that no fusion occurred.
Some cold fusion scientists now say they can produce as much as two to three times more energy than in the electric current. The results are also more reproducible, they say. They add that they have definitely seen fusion byproducts, particularly helium in quantities proportional to the heat generated.
After a conference in August, Dr. Hagelstein wrote to Energy Secretary Spencer Abraham, asking for a meeting. Dr. Hagelstein; Dr. Michael McKubre of SRI International in Menlo Park, Calif.; and Dr. David J. Nagel of George Washington University met Dr. Decker on Nov. 6.
"They presented some data and asked for a review of the scientific research that has been conducted," Dr. Decker said. "The scientists who came to see me are from excellent scientific institutions and have excellent credentials."
Scientists working on conventional fusion said cold fusion research had fallen off their radar screens.
"I'm surprised," Dr. Stewart C. Prager, a professor of physics at the University of Wisconsin, said. "I thought most of the cold fusion effort had phased out. I'm just not aware of any physics results that motivated this."
California/CARB is more intolerant of diesel exhaust and sulfur compounds in it than the EPA. Some diesel cars will be available in other states in the coming years, but they will not be sold new in CA.
The new turbo diesel cars are great, compared to the old diesels from many years ago, with much more power and more efficient engines.
CA discourages drivers from upgrading to newer, more environmentally-friendly cars by exempting really old polluters from the Smog Check program and by collecting the vehicle license fee (car tax) based on the car's value.
You are incorrect.
The process in the article is classic F+P cold fusion plus modications of the various experimentalists in some labs.
Also the US Navy has several experimental results indicating the reaction
forms mainly He-4 (using metallic impermeable flasks)
in a commensurate amount.
I hate to bust the proverbial bubble that you are in, but Walmart is a heck of a lot bigger than "big oil".
Those dinosaurs have just about run their course.
the future of 'big" is now a very open question when the richest man on the planet sells software and a retail store is bigger than big.
One must reevaluate the entire mantra of big and power.
Fair enough!
Walmart bigger than OPEC and other petroleum companies together? I must disagree.
Then we are full circle.
Our days of fossil fuel dependency are in it's twilight.
Supplies are limited, (except for natural gas) and the planet is being forced to alternatives.
These conspiracies, while entertaining, are no longer relevant and will, by necessity, be overridden by the realities.
Economies are not going to be held hostage and are evolving to meet this threat.
I hope you are right (and I believe you will be).
Either that or the 150mpg carburator will soon be selling at autozone.:-)
The funds invested are minimal. If nothing else, the educational value might be worth it. It's not surprising this is getting so much press while the study of physics is on the decline.
Sure thing, if your ass can generate that much heat and pressure. Guess we'll just have to feed you lots of Texas chili and emplace a custom-made vise-grip.
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