Posted on 02/18/2002 4:59:53 AM PST by cracker
The Dispatch tries to verify the identity of those who submit letters to the editor, but this message presented some problems. It arrived on a postcard with no return address:
Dear Representative Linda Reidelbach: Evolution is one of my creations with which I am most pleased.
It was signed, God.
The Dispatch cannot confirm that this is a divine communication, but the newspaper does endorse the sentiment it expresses: that there is room in the world for science and religion, and the two need not be at war.
The newspaper also agrees that Reidelbach, a Republican state representative from Columbus, is among the lawmakers most in need of this revelation. She is the sponsor of House Bill 481, which says that when public schools teach evolution, they also must teach competing "theories'' about the origin of life.
Reidelbach says the bill would "encourage the presentation of scientific evidence regarding the origins of life and its diversity objectively and without religious, naturalistic or philosophic bias or assumption.''
What this appears to mean is that any idea about the origin of life would be designated, incorrectly, a scientific theory and would get equal time with the genuine scientific theory known as evolution.
Those who correctly object that the creation stories of various religions are not scientific would be guilty, in the language of this bill, "of religious, naturalistic or philosophic bias or assumption.''
Never mind that science is not a bias or an assumption but simply a rigorous and logical method for describing and explaining what is observed in nature.
What Reidelbach and her co-sponsors are attempting to do is to require that science classes also teach creationism, intelligent design and related unscientific notions about the origin of life that are derived from Christian belief.
So bent are they on getting Christianity's foot in the door of science classrooms that they apparently don't mind that this bill also appears to give the green light to the creation stories of competing religions, cults and any other manifestation of belief or unbelief. Apparently, even Satanists would have their say.
But the real problem is that Reidelbach's bill would undermine science education at the very moment when Ohio should be developing a scientifically literate generation of students who can help the state succeed in 21st-century technologies and compete economically around the globe.
The fact is that religious ideas, no matter how much they are dressed up in the language of science, are not science. And subjecting students to religious ideas in a science class simply would muddle their understanding of the scientific method and waste valuable time that ought to be used to learn genuine science.
The scientific method consists of observing the natural world and drawing conclusions about the causes of what is observed. These conclusions, or theories, are subject to testing and revision as additional facts are discovered that either bolster or undermine the conclusions and theories. Scientific truth, such as it is, is constantly evolving as new theories replace or modify old ones in the light of new facts.
Religious notions of creation work in the opposite fashion. They begin with a preconceived belief -- for example, that God created all the creatures on the Earth -- and then pick and choose among the observable facts in the natural world to find those that fit. Those that don't are ignored.
The scientific approach expands knowledge about the natural world; the religious approach impedes it.
The classic example of this occurred 369 years ago when the Catholic Church forced Galileo to recant the Copernican theory that the Earth revolves around the sun. That theory contradicted the religiously based idea that man and the Earth formed the center of God's creation. Had the church's creationist view of the solar system prevailed, Ohioan Neil Armstrong never would have set foot on the moon.
Today, Copernican theory is established and acknowledged fact.
When it comes to evolution, much confusion grows out of the understanding -- or misunderstanding -- of the words theory and fact. Evolution is a theory, but one that has become so thoroughly buttressed by physical evidence that, for all intents and purposes, it is a fact. No one outside of the willfully obstinate questions the idea that new life forms evolved from older ones, a process conclusively illustrated in biology and the fossil record.
Where disagreement still exists is over how the process of evolution occurs. Scientists argue about the mechanism by which change occurs and whether the process is gradual and constant or proceeds in fits in starts. But while they debate over how evolution occurs, they do not doubt that it does occur.
Another way to understand this is to consider gravity. Everyone accepts the existence of this force, but many questions remain about just what gravity is and how it works. That scientists argue about how gravity works doesn't change the fact that gravity exists. Or, as author Stephen Jay Gould has put it, "Einstein's theory of gravitation replaced Newton's in this century, but apples didn't suspend themselves in midair, pending the outcome.''
Just as with gravity, evolution is a fact.
Those who persist on questioning this fact are a tiny minority, even among people of faith. But they are a loud minority and, to those not well-grounded in science, their arguments can sound reasonable, even "scientific.'' But their arguments are little more than unfounded assertions dressed up in the language of science.
This minority also insists on creating conflict between religion and science where none needs to exist. Major faiths long since have reconciled themselves to a division of labor with science. Religion looks to humankind's spiritual and moral needs, while science attends to the material ones.
The Catholic Church, which once tried to hold back the progress of science, now admits that it was wrong to suppress Galileo. More than a billion Catholics draw sustenance from their faith untroubled by the knowledge that the planet is racing around the sun.
Religion, in turn, provides spiritual and moral guideposts to decide how best to use the awesome powers that science has unlocked and placed at humankind's disposal.
Nor are scientists themselves antagonistic to religion. Albert Einstein, one of the greatest scientific geniuses in history, was deeply reverent: "My comprehension of God comes from the deeply felt conviction of a superior intelligence that reveals itself in the knowable world,'' he once said.
Others have made similar observations. The more the scientific method reveals about the intricacies of the universe, the more awestruck many scientists become.
The simplest way to reconcile religion and evolution is to accept the view propounded early last century by prominent Congregationalist minister and editor Lyman Abbott, who regarded evolution as the means God uses to create and shape life.
This view eliminates conflict between evolution and religion. It allows scientists to investigate evolution as a natural process and lets people of faith give God the credit for setting that process in motion.
As for what to do about creationism and evolution in schools, the answer is easy. Evolution should be taught in science classes. Creationism and related religiously based ideas should be taught in comparative-religion, civics and history classes.
Religion was and remains central to the American identity. It has profoundly shaped American ideals and provided the basis for its highest aspirations, from the Declaration of Independence to the civil-rights movement. There is no question that religion is a vital force and a vital area of knowledge that must be included in any complete education.
But not in the science classroom, because religion is not science. There is no such thing as Buddhist chemistry, Jewish physics or Christian mathematics.
The Earth revolves around the sun regardless of the faiths of the people whom gravity carries along for the ride. Two plus two equals four whether that sum is calculated by a Muslim or a Zoroastrian.
Reidelbach and her supporters genuinely worry that a crucial element -- moral education and appreciation of religion's role in America -- is missing in education. But they will not correct that lack by injecting pseudoscience into Ohio's science curriculum.
And Reidelbach is not the only one making this mistake. Senate Bill 222, sponsored by state Sen. Jim Jordan, R-Urbana, is equally misguided. This bill would require that science standards adopted by the State Board of Education be approved by resolution in the General Assembly. This is a recipe for disaster, injecting not only religion, but also politics, into Ohio's science classes.
These two bills should be ignored by lawmakers.
In a few months, when the State Board of Education lays out the standards for science education in Ohio's public schools, it should strongly endorse the teaching of evolution and ignore the demands of those who purvey pseudoscience.
Was the reward ever defined?
The winner gets to spend some as yet unspecified period of time, at least a week or two, in the sole company of medved, f.Christian, g3k, and a few other creationists. I'm not certain if it's on an isolated island, or more probably it's locked up in the cabin of an ocean liner. Right now the numbers are getting too high for any further postings from me until the winner is revealed. Be assured, it won't be me.
Why the superstitious preoccupation with the number 1000? 999 and 1001 are more interesting.
Yes. 999 is our old friend, 666, upside-down. And I forgot to mention, Andrew, you'll be in the loveboat cabin too, helping to entertain the winner. It should be a glorious cruise.
From Primates 101:
There are also two different ways to classify the families of Pongidae and Hominidae (the great apes and humans).Oh, oh! The biochemical approach has been doing pretty well, lately. The bio-chem guys were right, for instance, about hippos as near-relatives of whales.
Traditionally:
FAMILY:Pongidae - Orangutans, Gorillas, Chimpanzees, Bonobos
FAMILY:Hominidae - Humans and human ancestors
Biochemically Speaking:
FAMILY:Pongidae - Orangutans
FAMILY:Hominidae - Gorillas, Chimpanzees, Bonobos, Humans
Relatively recently new evidence, both genetic and fossil, have shown the African apes (this means humans too), to be more similar to each other than to the orangutan of Asia. There are hints of more changes to possibly come in debates over chimpanzees and humans being placed in the same genus. Although, this may be the one we humans are far from ready for, as there are still those unwilling to place humans in the same family as great apes, let alone the same genus.
If they're right, we're closer to monkeys than we are to orangutans.
Curious that the first thing you note is the 666 aspect and not the far more interesting, non-occult relationship between the numbers I listed.
But then again I suppose one, whose viewpoint in respecting the views of others is so narrow, does have trouble seeing those relationships.
‘If only for this life, we have hope in Christ, we are to be pitied more than all men.’ (1 Corinthians 15:19)
During the last century, hope-like the ozone layer-began disappearing with alarming rapidity. The modern world had embraced the... doctrine of inevitable progress. Mankind was sufficiently clever to so arrange his environment, as to ensure a better world. Humanity was on an unstoppable march to Utopia.
Few people think that now. We have entered the era of post-modernism. God has been sacked. We no longer need him. He became for us, and unnecessary hypothesis. But with God gone, life has been leached of hope. Once it was taken for granted, that when it came to fortifying individuals for the hard knocks, religion had the answers. Religion was a source of meaning-therefore, of hope.
In a universe without God, other elements of reality loom larger. Pain, sorrow, and death take his place, as absolutes. Diane Ackerman, a telephone crisis counselor, in New York state, has written a book about her work entitled, " A Slender Thread." She is more aware than most, that in every city street, people are overwhelmed by life. They find it too difficult, too harsh, too painful, too sad.
Callers are loaded down with guilt; tons of self-reproach. Their nerves are frayed by worry. Some experience waves of uncontrollable anger. Some are are abused and battered; some depressed and lonely. In an average city, 12.4 persons per one hundred thousand kill themselves. Given that God, the ground of all hope, has been dismissed, it is a wonder that more do not commit suicide. Jean Paul Sartre posed that question to himself: "Why don't I commit suicide?"
The meaning of human beings is that they should 'love God and enjoy him for ever.' Only so, do they live in hope.
Numerology doesn't interest me in the slightest, except as it reveals the mindset of creationists.
And if that is insufficient, I guess I'll have to wait for you to post something less than 10 years old. If it's much older, I'm just going to assume that any statements about what we don't know or have not found cannot be an accurate reflection of the current state of the discipline.
Then why the big preoccupation on this thread with 1000?
I can only speak for myself... I'm bored. Been out of work since 10/31/1, but I start a job on Monday... Other than that, no facination with numbers here.
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