The FReeper Foxhole Profiles Sergeant Charles MacGillivary -Jan.16th, 2005

see educational sources

[snippy_about_it]

Lord,

Keep our Troops forever in Your care

Give them victory over the enemy...

Grant them a safe and swift return...

Bless those who mourn the lost.
.

FReepers from the Foxhole join in prayer
for all those serving their country at this time.


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Sergeant Charles MacGillivary



The Medal of Honor

One of the many instances of supreme soldiering in the New Year’s Nordwind engagement is the action of Sergeant Charles MacGillivary.

MacGillivary came to the United States when he was 16, from Prince Edward Island, Canada. He took up residence with his older brother in Boston. When Pearl Harbor was bombed, he volunteer for the army. As he told the United States Senate Subcommittee on Immigration 50 years later, when he was in boot camp in Massachusetts, "an officer asked me and two other immigrants ... whether we wanted to become U.S. citizens. [They took us] to a federal courthouse and [swore us] in before a judge. I thought that if I was going to fight for this country, I should be a U.S. citizen."

On New years Day, Company I, 71st Regiment, was alerted and ordered to move one mile to be in a position in the event of an enemy breakthrough within the Regimental area. As the Company was proceeding along the road from Wolfling to Gros Rederching, MacGillivary, the squad leader in the second platoon, was given the mission of protecting the left flank. Sergeant MacGillivary, alone, closed in from the left flank and reported the enemy, grenadiers of the 17th Waffen SS Division, digging in.



A few minutes later the enemy opened fire with machine guns, halting the advance. Company K was given the mission to come around the right flank and knock out the opposition. Sgt MacGillivary knowing the position of the enemy, volunteered for a solo patrol and went around the left flank in the rear of one enemy machine gun. With his M1 rifle, at the distance of three feet, killed both the gunner and his assistant. Company I continue to its forward assembly area. By his own initiative and prompt action, after giving knowledge of enemy positions and their fire sectors, he prevented great loss of life to our troops.

As Company I went into attack again, it came under heavy machine gun fire. Sergeant MacGillivary, again upon his own initiative, knowing the enemy positions, crawled alone towards the nests of six machine guns, which had halted the attacking force and destroyed three machine gun teams, killing all of them before he himself became seriously wounded by a fourth machine gun. The Sergeant lost one arm as a result of this action.

For this extraordinary heroic action, with utter disregard for his own personal safety, his aggressiveness and self sacrifice above and beyond the call of duty, Sgt MacGillivary was awarded the nations highest honor, The Medal of Honor.

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The President of the United States
in the name of The Congress
takes pleasure in presenting the Medal of Honor to

MacGlLLlVARY, CHARLES A.



Rank and organization: Sergeant, U.S. Army, Company I, 71st Infantry, 44th Infantry Division. Place and date: Near Woelfling, France, 1 January 1945. Entered service at: Boston, Mass. Birth: Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, Canada. G.O. No.: 77, 10 September 1945.

Citation:

“He led a squad when his unit moved forward in darkness to meet the threat of a breakthrough by elements of the 17th German Panzer Grenadier Division. Assigned to protect the left flank, he discovered hostile troops digging in. As he reported this information, several German machineguns opened fire, stopping the American advance. Knowing the position of the enemy, Sgt. MacGillivary volunteered to knock out 1 of the guns while another company closed in from the right to assault the remaining strong points. He circled from the left through woods and snow, carefully worked his way to the emplacement and shot the 2 camouflaged gunners at a range of 3 feet as other enemy forces withdrew.

Early in the afternoon of the same day, Sgt. MacGillivary was dispatched on reconnaissance and found that Company I was being opposed by about 6 machineguns reinforcing a company of fanatically fighting Germans. His unit began an attack but was pinned down by furious automatic and small arms fire. With a clear idea of where the enemy guns were placed, he voluntarily embarked on a lone combat patrol. Skillfully taking advantage of all available cover, he stalked the enemy, reached a hostile machinegun and blasted its crew with a grenade. He picked up a submachine gun from the battlefield and pressed on to within 10 yards of another machinegun, where the enemy crew discovered him and feverishly tried to swing their weapon into line to cut him down.

He charged ahead, jumped into the midst of the Germans and killed them with several bursts. Without hesitation, he moved on to still another machinegun, creeping, crawling, and rushing from tree to tree, until close enough to toss a grenade into the emplacement and close with its defenders. He dispatched this crew also, but was himself seriously wounded. Through his indomitable fighting spirit, great initiative, and utter disregard for personal safety in the face of powerful enemy resistance, Sgt. MacGillivary destroyed four hostile machineguns and immeasurably helped his company to continue on its mission with minimum casualties.”

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FReeper Foxhole Armed Services Links

[snippy_about_it]

Going it Alone



Sergeant Charles A. MacGillivary, Customs Special Agent, Congressional Medal of Honor Recipient

He wasn’t American by birth. He’d come to the States when he was 16, from Prince Edward Island, Canada, to live with his older brother in Boston. When Pearl Harbor was bombed, he decided the right thing to do was to volunteer for the army of his adopted country. As he told the United States Senate Subcommittee on Immigration 50 years later, when he was in boot camp in Massachusetts, "an officer asked me and two other immigrants ... whether we wanted to become U.S. citizens. [They took us] to a federal courthouse and [swore us] in before a judge. I thought that if I was going to fight for this country, I should be a U.S. citizen."

The path to Woelfling, France

He landed at Omaha Beach, Saving Private Ryan’s beach, in 1944. From there, "we fought our way through France, taking back towns from the Germans," and finally reaching the town of Woelfling, a village so tiny it isn’t even on the map, by December of that year. It was, recalled one soldier, the coldest, snowiest winter in memory, with Allied soldiers out-manned and out-gunned by eight German Panzer divisions, 13 German infantry divisions, more than 600 light, medium, and heavy guns and howitzers, and 340 multiple-rocket launchers, all trained on American positions.

It was the Battle of the Bulge, Hitler’s last-ditch attempt to salvage a war he was by then clearly losing.

On New Year’s Day 1945, Sergeant MacGillivary’s company, pinned down in that European permafrost by a Panzer division, running out of ammunition and talking of surrender, lost its commander. MacGillivary was next in line to take his place.

He had been assigned to protect his company’s left flank, so he knew precisely where the enemy’s guns were; he also knew his men were surrounded by nests of vipers armed with machine and submachine guns. When several German machine guns opened fire to stop an American advance, MacGillivary volunteered for a lone combat patrol to knock out the guns menacing his troops.

Circling through woods and snow, he managed to shoot two camouflaged German gunners from three feet way as other German forces withdrew. Later that day, he found his company facing yet another hive of at least six machine guns buttressing a company of German soldiers who clearly meant not to be stopped. They began to drench MacGillivary’s unit in a flood of automatic and small-arms fire. Taking advantage of available cover and armed with two machine guns — his own and another he’d picked up from the battlefield — he stalked the enemy.



Perhaps only a soldier knows what fortifies a hero in battle, but whatever it is, it pushed MacGillivary onward as he hurled grenades and killed or wounded German soldiers defending their positions. Ultimately, single-handedly, he took out four German machine-gun emplacements.

At the last emplacement, a wounded German soldier tried to retaliate with his own machine-gun fire and hit MacGillivary in the left side. Almost simultaneously, MacGillivary fired back and killed the man. Then, as MacGillivary recalled for a Boston Globe reporter in 1995, "I looked down and my right arm wasn’t there.

"When you get hit by a machine gun, it’s like somebody put a hot poker in you." Those permafrost conditions that had made fighting so treacherous also saved his life. "I stuck the stump of my arm into the snow, but the warm blood melted the snow. I figured I was dying. When they rescued me, my arm had a cake of bloody ice frozen around it, sealing the wound. If it had been summer, I’d [have been] dead."

U.S. Customs, privileged beneficiary

A man can work a lifetime and not achieve the glory, accomplishments, or recognition that Charles MacGillivary did before he turned thirty. Nonetheless, honor in battle had not exactly been a career choice, and once the war ended, he had to make a living.

He returned home to Boston, where he worked briefly as a special agent for the Treasury Department. He joined the Customs Service in 1950, starting as a warehouse officer, but soon went on to become a special agent for what is now the Office of Investigations, conducting investigations in several areas of interest to Customs. An old friend, Bernard Crowley, who knew Charlie from their early days and who retired as chief inspector at Logan Airport, remembers his friend as a gentle, patient, humble man who took great pride in his service with Customs and was highly regarded by his co-workers. His daughter Charlene Corea recently remembered him as being particularly busy in the winter inspecting Christmas trees that entered the country from Canada (and who better to do that?). He retired from the Customs Service in 1975.



Charlie MacGillivary died Saturday, June 24, at the age of 83. He was buried at Arlington National Cemetery in a funeral reserved for only military heroes: His flag-draped casket was borne to the gravesite by a horse-drawn caisson accompanied by a military honor guard and followed by five older men in business suits, each wearing his own Congressional Medal of Honor. Young solders folded the flag, gave a 19-gun salute, and played Taps.

More than 500 years ago, Shakespeare wrote of a beloved fallen king, "He was a man, take him for all in all, [we] shall not look upon his like again."

And so it is for those referred to as "the greatest generation."

And so it is for Sergeant Charlie MacGillivary.

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Today's Educational Sources and suggestions for further reading:

www.cmohs.org/recipients/macgill_paint.htm
http://44thdivision.efour4ever.com/medalofhonor.htm
www.cs.umb.edu/~serl/oralhistory/Ward.html

[snippy_about_it]

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[snippy_about_it]

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The FReeper Foxhole. America's History. America's Soul

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[The Mayor]

January 16, 2005

Frightened By A Boxer

Read: Psalm 91:1-11

Fear not, for I am with you; be not dismayed, for I am your God. —Isaiah 41:10

Bible In One Year: Exodus 1-4

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On a bright Sunday morning one of my boys, who was just a little fellow, was walking to church with me. Soon the sights and sounds of a new day invited him to skip on ahead. Suddenly his carefree progress came to an end. A few yards away was a boxer dog looking at him. Stopping abruptly, my son turned and rushed to my side. Only when his hand was securely in mine and he knew I was right beside him was he able to walk undisturbed past the boxer.

What a picture of our pilgrimage through this world! From time to time the fierce-looking obstacles of illness, money problems, or personal conflicts appear before us, striking fear into our hearts. At first we are bewildered and life seems to be at a dead end. But then by faith we make our way to the Savior, realizing we dare not go forward without the assurance of His presence. As we completely trust in Him, He helps us face the future by walking with us each step of the way.

If anxiety and dread are lurking on the threshold of your tomorrow, remember God's wonderful promise in Isaiah 41:10, "Fear not, for I am with you; be not dismayed, for I am your God. I will strengthen you, yes, I will help you, I will uphold you with My righteous right hand." —Dennis De Haan

Though there are dangers untold and stern
Confronting me in the way,
Willingly still would I go, nor turn,
But trust You for grace each day. —Tovey
© 1914, Herbert G. Tovey

If you can't find a way out, look up.

[SAMWolf]

Good night, Snippy.

The stories of these men never cease to astound me.

[SAMWolf]

Morning Mayor.

[quietolong]

War stories -- With a Twist (A German Soldiers Perspective)
http://www.freerepublic.com/focus/f-news/1321351/posts

[alfa6]

Saturday night shift bump for the Freeper Foxhole.

Where do we get such men as Sgt Macgillvary? A question often asked here on te Foxhole I know.

Current weather in KC...slight overcast with some flurries and a brisk 12F. Nothing like trying to run a chemical process in the winter weather :-(

To much coffee again Mayor or taking advantage of the East Coast postings ?

Regards

alfa6 ;>}

[radu]

Good morning everyone!

To all our military men and women past and present, military family members, and to our allies who stand beside us
Thank You!

[Aeronaut]

Good morning Snippy.

[Iris7]

MacGillivary was a tough old bird.

Shows something about what a good man is (picture Michael Moore or JFKerry, John Dean or Ted Kennedy doing what Sargent McGillivary did?)

There was a famous Texas Ranger said something like "There is no bad man in the world that can stand up to a good man who just keeps on coming." Old story, and ever new.

Notice McGillivary had fully reconned the enemy positions, allowing him to develop a workable plan.

There appear to be four MG42 machine guns involved. If so there were maybe twenty SS men, two squads of eight to twelve men each. (At this time in the war each squad had two MG42s.) This late in the war MG42s were set up to shoot 1800-2000 rounds per minute and the gunners could shoot those 35 round per second guns in three shot bursts.

The Americans were there in Company strength, maybe 80 men, perhaps four times as many as the Germans.

The Germans reconned the American movement, planned where to put the ambush, set it up, and executed it. The Germans covered three or four times the distance that the Americans did during the same period of time, since the Germans had to run back and forth arranging everything through face to face meetings and hand signals (no radios), while the Americans had the road and the Germans had to go across country. The Americans walked, and the Germans ran.

And so did Sargent McGillivary run. Like I say, to do it right is hard work. People like to hang out, with friends, not run at full speed through dark woods full of SS.

Notice that the main body just walked down the road into the kill zone like babies. This is actually what happens most of the time. Bad groupthink. Hard to train out. Doing it right is strenuous and difficult. Lots of fear.

Clausewitz said "In war what has to be done is simple, but the simple is incredibly difficult." U.S. Grant has harsh words for Rosecrans because Rosecrans knew what he had to do but had not done it. (Chattanooga)

[E.G.C.]

Good morning, snippy and everyone at the Foxhole.

[The Mayor]

Hi Ya Sam

[snippy_about_it]

First in again! Good morning Mayor.

[snippy_about_it]

Good Morning Sam.

[Soaring Feather]

Good Sunday morning!

[The Mayor]

Welcome Home
Sergeant Charlie MacGillivary

[Valin]

On This Day In History


Birthdates which occurred on January 16:
1587 Alexander Adriaenssen Flemish painter
1757 Samuel McIntire woodcarver/architect (architect of Salem)
1804 Karl August Krebs composer
1807 Charles Henry Davis Rear Admiral (Union Navy), died in 1877
1815 Henry Wagner "Old Brains" Halleck Major-General (Union Army)
1834 Albert Lindley Lee Brigadier General (Union volunteers), died in 1907
1837 James Phillip Simms Brigadier General (Confederate Army), died in 1887
1847 Kálmán Mikszáth Hungary, writer (Wonderparaplu)
1853 André Michelin France, industrialist/tire manufacturer (Michelin)
1870 Wilhelm Normann German chemist (hardening of oils)
1874 Robert Service England, Canadian poet (Cremation of Sam McGee)
1878 Harry [Henry Dewitt] Carey Sr Bronx NY, US actor (Informer, Aces Wild, Border Cafe, Air Force)
1885 Wladyslaw Raczkiewicz president of Poland (1939-40)
1887 John Hamilton Penn, actor (Perry White-Superman)
1901 Fulgencio Batista President/Dictator of Cuba (1933-44, 1952-59)
1902 Eric Liddell China, English 400m runner/Missionary (Olympics-gold-1924) (Chariots of Fire)
1908 Ethel Merman stage & screen actress (Anything Goes, Call Me Madam)
1910 David McCampbell US pilot/captain (WWII-Pacific-downed 34 Japanese planes)
1911 Eduardo Frei (Christian Democrat), President of Chile (1964-70)
1911 Jay Hanna "Dizzy" Dean HOF baseball pitcher (St Louis Cardinals)
1914 Roger Aubert Belgium, church historian (Le Pontificat de Pie IX)
1917 Buddy Lester Chicago IL, actor (Nick-Phil Silvers Show)
1924 Katy Jurado México, actress (High Noon, Trapeze, Barabbas, AKA Pablo)
1928 John William Fozard aircraft designer
1928 William Kennedy US writer
1929 Allard Lowenstein radical (Students for Democratic Action)
1930 Norman Podhoretz Brooklyn NY, author/editor (New York Post)
1932 Dian Fossey zoologist (Gorillas in the Mist)
1933 Oleg Grigoryevich Makarov USSR, cosmonaut (Soyuz 12, 18A, 27, T-3)
1933 Susan Sonntag writer
1935 A J Foyt Houston TX, auto race driver (Indy 500 1961, 64, 67, 77)
1937 Bob Bogle Portland, rock bassist/guitarist (Ventures-Batman Theme)
1939 Cliff Thorburn English snooker player
1942 Bill Francis Mobile AL rocker (Dr Hook)
1944 Ronnie Milsap Robbinsville NC, country singer (Any Day Now, Legend in My Time)
1946 Michael L Coats Sacramento CA, Captain USN/astronaut (STS 41-D, 29, 39)
1947 Dr. Laura Schlessinger Brooklyn, NY, TV/radio host/author (Go take on the day)
1948 Anatoli Yakovlevich Solovyov Riga, cosmonaut (TM-5,9,15,26, STS 71)
1948 John Carpenter Carthage NY, director (Halloween, The Thing)
1952 Lloyd Blaine Hammond Jr Savannah GA, Major USAF/astronaut (STS 39, 64)
1955 Jerry M Linenger Mt Clemens MI, PhD/Commander USN/astronaut (STS 81/84)
1966 Anthony Washington Glasgow Montana, discus thrower (Olympics-4th-96)
1974 Kate Moss Addiscomb Surrey England, model (Calvin Klein)
1976 Trisha Stillwell Miss Oklahoma-USA (1997, top 10)

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Deaths which occurred on January 16:
0308 Marcellus I Catholic Pope (-308), dies
0429 Honoratius of Arles bishop/saint, dies
1343 Robert of Anjou king (Naples), dies
1595 Murad III sultan of Turkey (1574-95), dies
1794 Edward Gibbon historian (Decline & Fall), dies in London at 56
1886 Amilcare Ponchielli Italian composer (La Gioconda), dies at 51
1938 William Pickering pioneer US stellar spectroscopist, dies
1939 Albert Fish mass murderer, executed
1942 Carole Lombard actress, (Bolero), killed in plane crash (along with her mother & 20 others) at 32
1945 Dennis Donnini British rifleman (Victoria Cross), dies in battle at 19
1957 Arturo Toscanini Italy, American conductor, dies in New York City NY at 89
1967 Robert J Van De Graaff US nuclear physicist, dies at 65
1968 Robert R "Bob" Jones founder (Bob Jones University), dies at 84
1969 Jan Palach protesting Soviet invasion of Czechoslovakia, self immolates at 20
1971 Kermit Maynard cowboy actor (Saturday Roundup), dies at 68
1979 Ted Cassidy Pittsburgh PA, actor (Lurch-Addams Family), dies at 46
1987 Joyce Jameson comedienne (Spike Jones Show), dies at 54
1989 Trey Wilson actor (Bull Durham, Twins, Raising Arizona), dies
1992 Roselle Novelle silent film actress, dies at 95
1993 Glenn Corbett US actor (Shenandoah, Chisum, Midway), dies at 63
1993 Sathasivam Krishnakumar Sri Lanka commander, commits suicide
1994 Stephen Kritsick veterinarian (Good Morning America), dies at 42
1997 Charlie Alfred Galbraith jazz trombonist, dies at 76
1998 David "Junior" Kimbrough blues musician, dies at 67

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Reported: MISSING in ACTION

1966 HOLLINGSWORTH HAL T.---GRACE ID.
1966 NETH FRED A.---FORT SCOTT KS.
1966 SCHOONOVER CHARLES D.---INDIANAPOLIS IN
1966 WOOD DON C.---PROVO UT.
[POSS CAPTURED IN ID'D IN PL FILM]
1967 KERR MICHAEL S.---SAN DIEGO CA.
[03/04/73 RELEASED BY DRV, ALIVE 99]
1967 MASTIN RONALD L.---BELOIT KS.
[03/04/73 RELEASED BY DRV, ALIVE IN 98]
1967 STOREY THOMAS G.---KANSAS CITY MO
[03/04/73 RELEASED BY DRV, ALIVE IN 98]
1967 WELCH ROBERT J.---DETROIT MI.
1968 BIGGS EARL R.---MATHENY WV.
[REMAINS RETURNED, ID 1/17/90]
1968 COOLEY ORVILLE D.---RANGE WY.
1968 GEE PAUL STUART---MANITOWISH WATERS WI.
1968 MORELAND WILLIAM D.---MONTEBELLO CA.
1968 MOE THOMAS N.---ARLINGTON VA.
[03/14/73 RELEASED BY DRV, ALIVE AND WELL 98]
1968 PARRISH FRANK C.---CLEBURNE TX.
[01/72 REMAINS RECOVERED]
1968 REEDY WILLIAM HENRY JR.---MERCED CA.
1968 THOMPSON WILLIAM JOSEPH---KANSAS CITY KS.

POW / MIA Data & Bios supplied by
the P.O.W. NETWORK. Skidmore, MO. USA.

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On this day...
0308 St Marcellus I ends his reign as Catholic Pope
1219 Floods in Northern Netherlands after storm, 1,000s killed
1325 Laure de Noves, beloved of Petrarch, marries Hugues de Sade
1493 Columbus returns to Spain on his 1st trip
1531 English Reformation parliament's 2nd sitting
1547 Ivan IV the Terrible (17) crowns himself 1st tsar of Russia
1581 English parliament passes laws against Catholicism
1759 British Museum opens in London
1765 Charles Messier catalogs M41 (galactic cluster in Canis Major)
1776 Continental Congress approves enlistment of free blacks
1777 Vermont declares independence from NY
1780 Battle at Cape St Vincent admiral Rodney beats Spanish fleet
1863 Cruise of CSS Florida
1864 Heavy fighting takes place near Dandridge TN
1865 General William Sherman issues Field Order #15 (land for blacks)
1865 San Francisco Dramatic Chronicle started
1865 Confederate Brigadier General John Pegram marries Hetty Cary
1868 Refrigerator car patented by William Davis, a fish dealer in Detroit
1870 Virginia becomes 8th state re-admitted to US after Civil War
1871 Jefferson Long of Georgia sworn in as 2nd black congressman
1877 Color organ (for light shows) patented, by Bainbridge Bishop
1879 January record 13" of snow falls in New York City NY (broken Jan 7, 1996)
1883 Pendleton Act creates basis of US Civil Service system
1889 128ºF (53ºC), Cloncurry, Queensland (Australian record)
1897 John Dewey's essay "My Pedagogic Creed" appears in School Journal
1905 Baseball outfielder Frank Huelsman traded for 6th time in 8 months
1905 Stanley Cup Ottawa Silver 7 sweep Dawson City (Yukon) in 2 games Ottawa Silver 7 beats Dawson City (Yukon) 23-2 for Stanley Cup, this is most lopsided playoff game, Frank McGee scores 14 goals
1908 Pinnacles National Monument, California established
1909 British explorer Ernest Shackleton finds magnetic south pole
1911 Pandora becomes 1st 2-man sailboat to round Cape Horn west to east
1913 British House of Commons accepts Home-Rule for Ireland
1914 Writer Maksim Gorki returns to Russia
1915 Congress authorizes $1 & $50 Panama-Pacific International Expo gold coin
1919 Prohibition ratified by 3/4 of the states; Nebraska is 36th
1920 18th Amendment, prohibition, becomes the law of the land - one year after ratification; it is repealed in 1933
1920 1st assembly of League of Nations (Paris)
1920 Georgia declares independence
1925 General M Froense replaces Trotsky as People's Commissioner of Defense
1936 1st photo finish camera installed at Hialeah Race track in Hialeah FL
1936 Screen Actors Guild incorporates with King Vidor as president
1936 Spanish socialists/communists/anarchists form Unidad Popular
1938 Benny Goodman refuses to play Carnegie Hall when black members of his band were barred from performing
1939 Comic strip "Superman" debuts
1941 War Department forms 1st Army Air Corps squadron for black cadets
1941 US vice admiral Bellinger warns of an assault on Pearl Harbor
1942 William Knudsen becomes 1st civilian appointed a General in US army
1943 -60ºF (-51ºC), Island Park Dam ID (state record)
1943 1st US air raid on Ambon
1943 German 2nd SS-Pantzer division evacuates Charkow
1943 Red Army recaptures Pitomnik airport at Stalingrad
1944 General Eisenhower took command of Allied Invasion Force in London
1945 Scottish 52nd land division/1st Commando brigade-assault at Heinsberg
1945 US 1st & 3rd army meet at Houffalise
1947 Vincent Aurial elected President of France
1948 35 Haganah members are ambushed & killed in Gush Etzyon
1949 KNBH (now KNBC) TV channel 4 in Los Angeles CA (NBC) 1st broadcast
1949 WTOP (now WUSA) TV channel 9 in Washington DC (CBS) 1st broadcast
1950 Belgium, Luxembourg & Netherlands recognize Israel
1951 World's largest gas pipeline opens (Brownsville TX, to 134th St, New York City NY)
1951 Viet Minh offensive against Hanoi
1952 New Dutch bible translation finished
1953 Egyptian Premier General Naguib disbands all political parties
1954 "South Pacific" closes at Majestic Theater New York City NY after 1928 performances
1956 Egyptian President Nassar pledges to reconquer Palestine
1957 3 B-52s leave California for 1st non-stop round the world flights
1957 Cavern Club (home of Beatles' 1st appearance) opens on Mathew Street in England
1961 Russian espionage ring detected in Great Britain
1962 Suit accuses New York City NY Board of Education uses "racial quotas"
1962 Shooting begins on "Dr No"
1963 Khrushchev claims to have a 100-megaton nuclear bomb
1964 "Hello, Dolly!" starring Carol Channing, opens at St James Theater New York City NY for 2,844 performances
1964 AL owners vote 9-1 against Charlie Finley moving Kansas City A's to Louisville
1965 "Outer Limits" last airs on ABC-TV
1965 Searchers' "Love Potion #9" peaks at #3
1965 USSR performs nuclear test at Eastern Kazakstan/Semipalatinsk USSR
1966 Harold R Perry becomes 2nd black Roman Catholic bishop in US
1966 Metropolitan Opera House opens in Lincoln Center
1967 1st black government installed in Bahamas
1967 Lucius Amerson, becomes 1st southern (Alabama) black sheriff in 20th century
1969 Jan Palach immolates himself to protest Soviet invasion of Czechoslovakia
1969 Soviet Soyuz 4 & Soyuz 5 perform 1st transfer of crew in space
1970 AAU player Steve Myers makes a basketball field goal of 92'3½" from out of bounds, Tacoma-it shouldn't have counted, but was allowed
1970 NFL realigns into 3 divisions (down from 4)
1970 Colonel Kadhaffi becomes premier of Libya
1970 Curt Flood files a civil lawsuit challenging baseball's reserve clause
1972 Super Bowl VI Dallas Cowboys-24, Miami-3 in New Orleans; Super Bowl MVP Roger Staubach, Dallas, Quarterback
1973 USSR's Lunakhod 2 begins radio-controlled exploration of the Moon
1973 NBC presents 440th & final showing of "Bonanza"
1974 "Jaws" by Peter Benchley is published
1974 New York Yankees Mickey Mantle & Whitey Ford elected to Hall of Fame
1976 "Donny & Marie" [Osmond] musical variety show premieres on ABC TV
1976 Peter Frampton released platinum live album "Frampton Comes Alive"
1978 5th American Music Award Stevie Wonder, Fleetwood Mac & Conway Twitty
1979 Shah Mohammed Reza Pahlevi of Iran flees Iran for Egypt
1980 Paul McCartney jailed in Tokyo for 10 days on marijuana possession
1981 Ivan Lendl intentionally loses a match in the Volvo Masters in order to avoid having to play Björn Borg
1981 Protestant gunmen shoot & wound Bernadette Devlin McAliskey & husband
1981 Boxer Leon Spinks is mugged, his assailants even take his gold teeth
1984 11th American Music Award Michael Jackson
1985 "Playboy" announces end of stapling centerfolds
1986 Police arrested 3 IRA-terrorists in Amsterdam
1988 Jimmy "The Greek" Snyder fired from CBS for racial remarks
1988 NFL St Louis Cardinals announce move to Phoenix
1988 4th Soap Opera Digest Awards - Days of Our Live wins
1989 USSR announces plan for 2-year manned mission to Mars
1989 Police arrest writer Vaclav Havel in Prague
1990 2 Bank of Credit & Commerce members plea guilty to money laundering

1991 Operation Desert Storm begins - US & 27 allies attack Iraq for occupying Kuwait (air war begins January 17 at 2:38AM (local time) or January 16 at 6:38PM EST due to an 8 hour time difference, with an Apache helicopter attack)

1995 UPN (Universal-Parmount Network) begins telecasting (WWOR in New York City NY)

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Holidays
Note: Some Holidays are only applicable on a given "day of the week"

US : Martin Luther King Jr Day (1929) - - - - - (Monday)
Virginia : Lee-Jackson Day - - - - - (Monday)

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Religious Observances
Roman Catholic : Feast of St Henry
Roman Catholic : Commemoration of St Marcellus I, 30th pope [308-09], martyr
Moslem : Night of Remembrance (Moslem feast); Sha'ban 14, 1415 AH

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Religious History
1545 Death of Georg Spalatin, 61, German reformer and friend of Martin Luther. Spalatin's court life allowed him to give secular government a better understanding of Luther's ideas.
1604 At the Hampton Court Conference in England, John Rainolds presented to King James I the motion '...that there might bee a newe translation of the Bible.' Approved the next day, Rainolds' motion led to the 1611 publication of the Authorized (King James) version of the Bible.
1740 English revivalist George Whitefield wrote in a letter: 'If I see a man who loves the Lord Jesus in sincerity, I am not very solicitous to what...communion he belongs. The Kingdom of God, I think, does not consist in any such thing.'
1786 The Virginia Legislature adopted the Ordinance of Religious Freedom, which guaranteed that no man would be forced to attend or support any church. This mandate later became the model for the First Amendment to the U.S. Constitution.
1982 Great Britain established full diplomatic relations with the Vatican.

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Thought for the day :
"Fame is proof that people are gullible."

[snippy_about_it]

Thanks. That's a neat project for Fort Snelling to do.

[snippy_about_it]

Good morning alfa6. It looks like it will remain cold in Atlanta while we are here. Cold being a relative term considering it's about 35 degrees warmer than where you are but I was hoping for high 60's. I'm in the South after all!