The FReeper Foxhole Profiles General Patrick Cleburne - Aug. 30th, 2004

www.patrickcleburne.com ^

[SAMWolf]

Lord,

Keep our Troops forever in Your care

Give them victory over the enemy...

Grant them a safe and swift return...

Bless those who mourn the lost.
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FReepers from the Foxhole join in prayer
for all those serving their country at this time.

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General Patrick Ronayne Cleburne
<1828 - 1864)

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Patrick Ronayne Cleburne was born in Ovens, County Cork, Ireland on March 16, 1828. The second son of Dr. Joseph Cleburne, the only physician in the locale, Patrick grew up in comfortable, middle class surroundings and privilege. However life was not without its tragedy. His mother died when he was eighteen months old, and by the time the boy reached age fifteen, his father had also died. He pursued the family tradition of studying medicine, but failed the entrance exam to Trinity College in February 1846. Pride and his sense of honor led him to enlist in the 41st Regiment of Foot of the British Army to escape his failure. Three and one half years later, he bought his discharge and came to America with two brothers and an older sister. He settled in Helena, Arkansas, in 1850, first as a druggist until he became a naturalized citizen. In 1856 he began the practice of law, and was senior partner with Cleburne, Scaife and Mangum by 1860.

Cleburne joined the Yell Rifles of Phillips as a private, and was soon elected Captain of the company. From this position he rose swiftly in rank, through the early months of the war and became Colonel of the 1st Arkansas. When Gen. William J. Hardee was put in command of Confederate troops in Arkansas, he quickly recognized the gem he had in an officer, and secured Cleburne’s promotion to Brigadier General on March 4, 1862.

Shiloh, the Kentucky Campaign and Murfreesboro were ahead for Patrick Cleburne. He was severely wounded in the mouth at Richmond, Ky. on August 30. Returning to duty in time to participate in the Battle of Perryville on October 8, he proved his capability in a charge on the field that led to Confederate victory. After the Battle of Murfreesboro, Tennessee December 31and January 1, 1863, Cleburne was promoted to Major General.



Through the campaigns of 1863, Cleburne became more outspoken along with his superior and mentor William J. Hardee on the incompetence of Gen. Braxton Bragg. After the Battle of Chickamauga and the Chattanooga Campaign, Cleburne achieved lasting military fame for his defense of Tunnel Hill on Missionary Ridge in Tennessee and at the Battle of Ringgold Gap in North Georgia. His brilliant tactical command in the use of his small force, and strategic utilization of terrain remain among the most compelling in military history to study.

Always pensive and observant, he realized the deplorable state of morale in the army, and the straitened conditions of the Confederacy in general were working against the goal of independence. He had a solution which he earnestly believed would turn the tide in favor of the South, both militarily and politically, and on January 3, 1864, he met with Gen. Joseph Johnston and other high command personalities in Dalton, Georgia to read his proposal on emancipating the slaves and enlisting them in the Confederate army. His concept was shocking to some, endorsed by others, but ultimately rejected by President Jefferson Davis at the urging of his military advisor in Richmond, Braxton Bragg.


General Patrick Cleburne, CSA, at Chickamauga
September 20, 1863

Patrick Cleburne accepted his superiors’ suggestions to suppress his proposal on enlisting slaves, and accompanied his friend William J. Hardee as best man to Hardee’s wedding in Demopolis, Alabama. Cleburne met Susan Tarleton, the 24-year-old daughter of a Mobile, Alabama planter, and was love struck. He proposed to her before his ten-day furlough was up, and she agreed to become engaged to him. The spring of 1864 began military operations, which culminated in the Atlanta Campaign. Patrick Cleburne fought valiantly at every battle, from the opening shots at Rocky Face Gap until the end at Jonesboro in August. He received no other promotions, though vacancies occurred for corps commander. He was distressed when Hood replaced Joe Johnston as commander-in-chief of the Army of Tennessee, and marched his division north with the army in the Tennessee Campaign. In a desperate assault on Union breastworks at Franklin, Tennessee on November 30, 1864, Patrick Cleburne was killed in action beside his men. He was buried at St. John’s Church near Mount Pleasant, Tennessee. In April 1870, his remains were disinterred and brought back to Helena, Arkansas, where he was reburied in an impressive ceremony in Evergreen Confederate Cemetery. His fiancée Susan Tarleton, married a classmate of her brother’s, but died of a swelling of the brain on June 30, 1868.

[SAMWolf]

The most popular Confederate division commander was the "Stonewall of the West"-Patrick R. Cleburne. Appropriately, the native of County Cork was born on St. Patrick's Day and became the only product of the Emerald Isle to become a Confederate major general. Failing the language requirements for a druggist's degree, he served with the British 4lst Regiment of Foot as an officer for a number of years before purchasing his way out.



Emigrating to America, he became a druggist and then a highly successful property attorney. He joined the Confederacy, and his military assignments included:

• Captain, Company F, lst Arkansas State Troops (early 1861);
• Colonel, lst Arkansas State Troops (early 1861);
• Colonel, 15th Arkansas (designation change July 23, 1861);
  commanding 2nd Brigade, lst (Hardee's) Division, Army of Central Kentucky, Department #2 (fall 1861 - March 29, 1862);
  • commanding 2nd Brigade, Hardee's Division, Army of the Mississippi July 2 - August 15, 1862);
  • commanding 2nd Brigade, Buckner's Division, Left Wing, Army of the Mississippi (August 15-30, October - October 8, and October - November 20, 1862);
  • commanding 2nd Brigade, Buckner's Division, Hardee's-Breckinridge's Corps, Army of Tennessee (November 20 - December 1862);
• Major General, CSA (December 20, 1862 to rank from the 13th);
  • commanding the division (December 1862 - November 30, 1863);
  • commanding division, Hardee's (Polk's old)- Cheatham's Corps, Army of Tennessee (November 30, 1863 - January 1864, January-August 3 1, and September 2 - November 30, 1864);
  • commanding the corps (August 31 - September 2, 1864).

This rare, one of a kind buckle, sword belt, and sash belonged to Confederate Major General Patrick R. Cleburne. Known as the "Stonewall Jackson of the West". At Franklin, he had two horses shot from beneath him. According to an eyewitness, Cleburne "moved forward on foot waving his cap and was lost sight of in the smoke and din of battle. " Cleburne fell between the cotton gin and the Columbia Pike within sight of the Carter House, a single bullet piercing his heart. The loss of general officers in this battle was staggering to the morale of the Confederate army. General's Adams, Carter, Gist, Granbury, Cleburne and Strahl were killed, and Cockerell, Quarles, Manigault, and Scott were wounded. General Gordon was dragged over the Union breastworks by his hair and captured. Cleburne's sword belt, sash and buckle were sent to his fiancé Sue Tarleton, of Mobile, Alabama after the battle.

At the head of the Yell Rifles, he served in Arkansas before being named as commander of the state unit. Transferred with William J. Hardee to central Kentucky, he was promoted to brigadier general and fought at Shiloh and during the siege of Corinth. Taking part in the Kentucky Campaign, he was wounded at both Richmond and Perryville. Promoted to major general, he commanded a division at Murfreesboro, during the Tullahoma Campaign, and at Chickamauga. A favorite of Jefferson Davis, he is credited with covering the retreat from Chattanooga after his splendid defense of Tunnel Hill.



That winter he proposed that in order to reinforce the Confederate armies slavery would have to be abolished in a "reasonable time" and blacks be recruited for military service on the promise of their freedom. The proposal was rejected by the Richmond authorities and would not be passed by the Confederate Congress until a couple of months after Cleburne's death. Cleburne went on to command his division, and briefly the corps, through the Atlanta Campaign and then with Hood into middle Tennessee.



At the battle of Franklin on November 20, 1864 he became the senior of six Confederate generals to die in this fight, which did little more than commit mass suicide against the Union works. His death was a calamity to the Confederate cause perhaps only exceeded by the death of Stonewall Jackson. First buried near Franklin, Cleburne's remains were later removed to Helena, Arkansas.

[SAMWolf]

Major-General Patrick R. Cleburne, one of the most brilliant soldiers of the Confederate States, was a native of Ireland. When twenty-two years of age he joined the British army as a private, and there took his first lessons in drill and discipline. For good conduct he was promoted to the rank of corporal. After remaining three years in the British army he procured his discharge and came to America. He settled in Arkansas, became a hard student, was admitted to the bar, and the year 1861 found him practicing law in Helena, enjoying in his profession and in society the honorable position which his toil and native worth had gained for him.


Gen. Patrick Cleburne and the Army of Tennessee at Franklin, Tenn., Nov. 1864.

He was among the first to answer the call to arms. He raised a company and with it joined the First, afterward known as the Fifteenth Arkansas regiment, of which he was almost unanimously elected colonel. His first campaign was with General Hardee in Missouri. At its close he went with Hardee to Bowling Green, Ky. He had during this short military service so impressed his superiors that he was assigned to command of a brigade, and on March 4, 1862, was commissioned brigadier-general.


The final, tragic, moments of Patrick Cleburne, as painted by artist Don Troiani.

At the battle of Shiloh he proved that his abilities had not been overestimated, and during the reorganization of the army at Tupelo he brought his brigade to a very high state of discipline and efficiency. He had that valuable combination of qualifications for command which enabled him to enforce discipline and at the same time secure the esteem and confidence of his troops. At Richmond, Ky., he commanded a division whose impetuous charge had much to do with winning the magnificent victory over "Bull" Nelson's army. Though painfully wounded in this battle, a few weeks later he led his men in the fierce conflict at Perryville, with his usual success.


Bringing Cleburne In
Franklin, Tennessee, December 1, 1864

On December 13, 1862, he was commissioned major-general. He was in the memorable attack upon the right of the Federal army at Murfreesboro, which drove the Union lines until the mass in front became at last too thick for further penetration. Again at Chickamauga Cleburne made a charge, in which his men by desperate valor won and held a position that had been assailed time and again without success. At Missionary Ridge, in command at the tunnel, he defeated Sherman, capturing flags and hundreds of prisoners, and when involved in the general defeat, he made a heroic fight at Ringgold gap and saved Bragg's artillery and wagon train.



In recognition of this gallant exploit, the Confederate Congress passed the following joint resolution: "Resolved, that the thanks of Congress are due, and are hereby tendered to Maj.-Gen. Patrick R. Cleburne, and the officers and men under his command, for the victory obtained by them over superior forces of the enemy at Ringgold gap in the State of Georgia on the 27th day of November, 1863, by which the advance of the enemy was impeded, our wagon trains and most of our artillery saved, and a large number of the enemy killed and wounded."



One of the most brilliant episodes of the Atlanta campaign of 1864 was Cleburne's victory at Pickett's mill over Howard's corps of Sherman's army. In the awful carnage at Franklin, November 30, 1864, Cleburne, the "Stonewall Jackson of the West," gave his last battle order. Within twenty paces of the Union line, pierced by three wounds, he fell, and on the battlefield expired. His death was a disheartening blow to the army of Tennessee, and was mourned throughout the whole South.

Additional Sources:

ngeorgia.com
www.civilwarhome.com
www.southernmessenger.org
freepages.history.rootsweb.com
www.framery.com
www.tennesseehistory.com
www.us-civilwar.com
www.mortkunstler.com
www.artfinders.com
www.civilwarmuseum.com
www.scv674.org
www.southernhistorical.com
www.civilwarphotos.net

[SAMWolf]

'Life has always been a small matter with me when duty points the way.'

-- Patrick R. Cleburne
in a letter to his brother on the eve of war in 1861.

One of two foreign born officers to attain the rank of major general in the Confederate armed forces, he was recognized as a skilled combat officer and distinguished himself in many battles.

General Cleburne's Division, Hardee's Corps, Army of Tennessee: The regiments of Cleburne's division had fought with the blue battle flags of Hardee's Corps. When Johnston decreed a new battle flag for the regiments of the Army of Tennessee in 1864, Cleburne protested. He won the right for his division to be exempted from the order. General Cleburne ordered fresh flags of the Hardee type to reequip his division. These new flags however, featured painted battle honors in white on a medium blue field. The oval disc of the dark-blue Hardee flags became a smaller square with rounded corners. Many regiments printed their designation in this rounded square.

At Chattanooga he repelled Sherman's attack in spite of being outnumbered 4 to 1. During the retreat from that battle he won the Battle of Ringgold Gap although Hooker had 3 men for his 1. He repeatedly faced Sherman's advancing troops during the Atlanta Campaign. After Cleburne's troops absorbed the Union assault at Pickett's Mill, he was moved to the Confederate left and was involved in the skirmishing along the Dallas line. During the Nashville Campaign he succeeded to the command of Hardee's Corps. On his way north during this campaign, Cleburne stopped at a church in Maury County, Tennessee, and by local tradition was heard to comment at the cemetery of Saint John's Church that, "it is almost worth dying for to be buried in such a beautiful place." Cleburne was killed in battle a few days later at Franklin, Tennessee, on November 30, 1864 and buried here until later disinterred.

His sobriquet(nickname) was "Stonewall Jackson of the West". It would have been more accurate to call Jackson "Pat Cleburne of the East". Fighting on the western front Cleburne generally got less glory than generals in the east. Fighting under Braxton Bragg, Joseph E. Johnston, and John Bell Hood, arguably the most incapable succession of commanding officers, Cleburne repeatedly demonstrated his abilities. Fighting for the losing side he got less attention and coverage than the Union generals. But Cleburne fought for a cause(states rights), and one in which he firmly believed.

One other event affected how he was viewed during and after the war. Stationed at Tunnel Hill, Ga. after the defeat at Chattanooga, Cleburne, leading a group of commissioned officers, proposed drafting Negroes into the Confederate Army in return for their emancipation. He reasoned that in one stroke they could increase the size of the army and eliminate a reason for the Federals to fight. While it is doubtful that the resolve of President Lincoln would have been altered (he was fighting to preserve the Union, not to end slavery), the proposal caused quite a backlash in the south and possibly affected the length of the war. When Jefferson Davis decided to remove Johnston from command during the Battle of Atlanta, he selected John Bell Hood over Pat Cleburne in part because of this proposal.

Today no statue exists for this icon of the Confederacy and many of the battlefields on which he fought are unprotected.

[SAMWolf]

SUPPORT FOR UPCOMING ELECTION

If you support the policies and character that our current President, George W. Bush, stands for, please drive with your headlights on during the day this coming Sunday.

If you support John Kerry, please drive with your headlights off at night.

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John Kerry told the world we were war criminals who raped, tortured and murdered in Vietnam. Now, thirty-three years later, we will tell America the truth.

Join us at the rally we call:

What: A peaceful remembrance of those with whom we served in Vietnam - those who lived and those who died.
We will tell the story of their virtues and how that contrasts with the lies told by John Kerry.

When: Sunday, Sept. 12, 2004 @ 2:00 PM - 4:00 PM EDT

Where: The West Front of the U.S. Capitol Building, Washington, DC

All Vietnam veterans and their families and supporters are asked to attend. Other veterans are invited as honored guests. This will be a peaceful event--no shouting or contact with others with different opinions. We fought for their rights then, and we respect their rights now. This is NOT a Republican or a pro-Bush rally. Democrats, Republicans and independents alike are warmly invited.

Our gathering is to remember those with whom we served, thereby giving the lie to John Kerry's smear against a generation of fine young men. B.G. "Jug" Burkett, author of "Stolen Valor," will be one of our speakers. Jug has debunked countless impostors who falsely claimed to be Vietnam veterans or who falsely claimed awards for heroism. Jug recommends that we refrain from dragging fatigues out of mothballs. Dress like America, like you do every day. Dress code: business casual, nice slacks, and shirt and shoes. No uniform remnants, please. Unit hats OK.

Selected members will wear badges identifying them as authorized to speak to the media about our event. Others who speak to the media will speak only for themselves.

The program will be controlled in an attempt to stay on-message. Speakers are encouraged not to engage in speculative criticism of John Kerry but (1) to stick to known and undisputed facts about John Kerry’s lies while (2) reminding America of the true honor and courage of our brothers in battle in Vietnam.

Send this announcement to 10 or more of your brothers! Bring them by car, bus, train or plane! Make this event one of pride in America, an event you would be proud to have your mother or your children attend.

Contact: kerrylied.com

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Veterans for Constitution Restoration is a non-profit, non-partisan educational and grassroots activist organization. The primary area of concern to all VetsCoR members is that our national and local educational systems fall short in teaching students and all American citizens the history and underlying principles on which our Constitutional republic-based system of self-government was founded. VetsCoR members are also very concerned that the Federal government long ago over-stepped its limited authority as clearly specified in the United States Constitution, as well as the Founding Fathers' supporting letters, essays, and other public documents.

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Actively seeking volunteers to provide this valuable service to Veterans and their families.

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UPDATED THROUGH APRIL 2004



The FReeper Foxhole. America's History. America's Soul

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[snippy_about_it]

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[SAMWolf]

Good Night Snippy.

[snippy_about_it]

Good night Sam.

[Iris7]

The fight at the railroad tunnel where the river passes north of Seminary Ridge is worth study. Grant attempted to move around the Confederate positions on Seminary Ridge by this route. Cleburne held against massive attack, which included amphibious operations to his rear.

The area is built up now, but you can see the extreme importance of the ground clearly from Lookout Mountain.

Cleburne was correct in his opinion of Bragg, in my opinion. Cleburne's opinion of Bragg was shared by Nathan Bedford Forrest himself.

This one is from memory,folks, I am leading with the lip!

[Aeronaut]

Good morning Snippy.

[The Mayor]

August 30, 2004

Ground Squirrels

Read: Romans 8:27-39

I was at ease, but He has shattered me. —Job 16:12

Bible In One Year: Psalms 129-131; 1 Corinthians 11:1-16

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Ground squirrels hibernate near our home during the winter, and they reappear when the snow melts in the spring. My wife Carolyn and I enjoy watching them scurry back and forth from one hole to another, while others stand like tiny sentries watching for predators.

In mid-May, a man from a nearby golf course arrives on a little green tractor with a tank loaded with lethal gas. The groundskeeper tells us that these little critters have to be eliminated because they dig holes in the fairways. Some survive, but most do not. It always makes us a little sad to see the tractor arrive.

If I could, I'd chase the little animals away. I'd destroy their holes and force them to settle someplace else. I'm sure they would resent my interference, but my actions would be solely for their good.

So it is with God. He may break up our comfortable nests now and then, but behind every difficult change lies His love and eternal purpose. He is not cruel or capricious; He is working for our ultimate good (Romans 8:28). He wants us to be "conformed to the image of His Son" (v.29) and to give us glorious enjoyment in heaven forever. How then can we fear change when it comes from Someone whose love for us never changes? (vv.38-39). —David Roper

What tenderness the Father shows
To sinners in their pain!
He grants to them His strength to bear
The hurt that brings them gain. —D. De Haan

God's love can seem harsh until we view it with hindsight.

[E.G.C.]

Good morning, Snippy and everyone at the foxhole.

[CholeraJoe]

Good Morning, SAM and snippy. Hope you had an enjoyable day yesterday. Packed the daughter off to the RNC yesterday and left in the GTO for a high speed road trip with the new squeeze.

The daughter called last night, settled into her hotel and prepping for today. She's going to be on Hardball today. Watch for the short, teenage brunette holding a FRee Republic/Protest Warrior Sign.

[alfa6]

CSA Foxhole Bump for Monday

Regards

alfa6 ;>}

[Soaring Feather]

Good morning everyone.

[Professional Engineer]

Good morning ladies. Flag-o-gram.

From the vast right wing conspiracy files of alfa6.

[aomagrat]

Today's classic warship, USS Cleveland (CL-55)

Cleveland class light cruiser

Displacement: 10,000 t.
Length: 610’1”
Beam: 66’6”
Draft: 20’
Speed: 33 k.
Complement: 992
Armament: 12 6”; 12 5”; 28 40mm; 10 20mm; 4 Aircraft

The USS CLEVELAND (CL-55) was launched 1 November 1941 by New York Shipbuilding Corp., Camden, N.J.; sponsored by Mrs. H. Burton; and commissioned 15 June 1942, Captain E. W. Burrough in command.

Clearing Norfolk 10 October 1942, CLEVELAND joined a task force off Bermuda bound for the invasion of North Africa. Her firepower supported the landings at Fedhala, French Morocco, on 8 November and she remained on patrol until 12 November, returning to Norfolk, 24 November.

CLEVELAND sailed for the Pacific 5 December 1942, and arrived at Efate 16 January. Her first mission in the consolidation of the Solomon Islands was with TF 18 to guard a troop convoy to Guadalcanal from 27 to 31 January. CLEVELAND fired on the enemy as she came under heavy air attack in the Battle of Rennell Island on the 29th and 30th.

Joining TF 68, CLEVELAND steamed up "the slot" 6 March 1943 to bombard Japanese airfields at Vila, then joined in the attacks which sank two Japanese destroyers in Kula Gulf. Still with TF 68, "Merrill's Marauders," CLEVELAND fired in the bombardment of the Shortland Islands on 30 June and provided gun support for the invasion landings at Munda, New Georgia on 12 July. Following a short repair period at Sydney, Australia, CLEVELAND sailed for the preinvasion bombardment of the Treasury Islands on 26 and 27 October. Her task force steamed to blast Buka and Bonis on 1 November in support of the troops invading Bougainville, dashed south the same day to neutralize bases in the Shortlands, and that night intercepted a Japanese force off Empress Augusta Bay in the action which was to win her a Navy Unit Commendation. CLEVELAND poured her radar-controlled fire into the four Japanese cruisers for over an hour, aiding in sinking SENDAI, then chased the fleeing ships until daybreak. An air attack followed and one stick of bombs severely rocked CLEVELAND, who answered by splashing several of the enemy planes. She returned to Buka for another bombardment on 23 December, then patrolled between Truk and Green Island from 13 to 18 February 1944, while American forces captured the latter.

After supporting the capture of Emirau Island, from 17 to 23 March 1944, CLEVELAND sailed for replenishment and repairs at Sydney, Australia, then returned to the Solomons 21 April to prepare for the Marianas operation. One practice bombardment on 20 May brought return fire unexpectedly which straddled the ship, but unharmed, she quickly silenced the shore batteries.

From 8 June to 12 August 1944, CLEVELAND participated in the Marianas operation. She conducted softening-up bombardments and then gave fire support for invading troops until she joined TF 58 for the Battle of the Philippine Sea on 19 and 20 June. Although few enemy aircraft penetrated the screen of American carrier planes, CLEVELAND was credited with splashing at least one enemy aircraft and assisting in downing another of the few which did get through.

From 12 to 29 September 1944, CLEVELAND fired in the invasion of the Palaus, then sailed from Manus 5 October for a stateside overhaul. She arrived in Subic Bay 9 February 1945, and sailed on to bombard Corregidor on 13 and 14 February, effectively neutralizing the fortress before the landings there. Continuing to support the consolidation of the Philippines, she covered the landings at Puerto Princesa, the Visayans, Panay, and the Malabang-Parang area on Mindanao.

CLEVELAND put out from Subic Bay 7 June 1945 to act as part of the covering force and provide fire support for the invasion landings at Brunei Bay, Borneo on 10 June. She returned to Subic Bay 16 June, then sailed to Manila to embark General of the Army Douglas MacArthur, USA, and his staff as observers of the assault on Balikpapan. Arriving 30 June, she fired in a prelanding bombardment the next morning, and after General MacArthur had made an inspection tour of the landing area, got underway for Manila, arriving 3 July.

With a new cruiser task force, CLEVELAND sailed 13 July 1945 to Okinawa, arriving 16 July. From this base, the force made a series of sweeps against Japanese shipping until 7 August to insure Allied control of the East China Sea. CLEVELAND got underway from Okinawa 9 September to support the occupation of Japan by covering the evacuation of Allied prisoners of war from Wakayama, then serving as part of a naval occupation group until the 6th Army made its landings on Honshu. After a short stay in Tokyo Bay (28 October-1 November), CLEVELAND sailed for Pearl Harbor, San Diego, the Panama Canal, and Boston, arriving 5 December for overhaul.

She operated out of Newport on various training exercises, including a Naval Reserve training cruise to Halifax, Nova Scotia and Quebec in June 1946 before reporting to Philadelphia for inactivation. CLEVELAND was placed out of commission in reserve there 7 February 1947, until sold for scrap 18 February 1960.

In addition to her Navy Unit Commendation, CLEVELAND received 13 battle stars for World War II service.

[Valin]

On This Day In History


Birthdates which occurred on August 30:
1334 Pedro, the Cruel, King of Castilia & Leon
1748 Jacques-Louis David France, Neoclassical painter (Death of Marat)
1797 Mary Wollstonecraft Shelley London England, author (Frankenstein)
1871 Ernest Lord Rutherford England, physicist; discovered atomic nucleus
1884 Theodor Svedberg Sweden, chemist, worked with colloids (Nobel '26)
1893 Huey P Long Winn Parish La, (gov/sen-D-La)
1896 Raymond Massey Toronto Canada, actor (Dr Gillespie-Dr Kildare)
1901 John Gunther Chicago Ill, author/host (John Gunther's High Road)
1901 John C Stennis (Sen-D-MS, 1947-88)
1901 Roy Wilkins civil rights director (NAACP)
1907 Fred MacMurray Kankakee Ill, actor (Caine Mutiny, My 3 Sons)
1909 Joan Blondell NYC, actress (Real McCoys, Here Come the Brides)
1918 Ted Williams Baseball's last .400 hitter (Boston Red Sox, hit .406, .344 lifetime)
1919 Kitty Wells Nashville Tn, country singer (Grand Ole Opry)
1927 Geoffrey Beene Louisiana, dress designer (8 Coty Awards)
1928 Bill Daily Des Moines Iowa, actor (I Dream of Jeannie, Newhart)
1930 Warren Buffett author (The Midas Touch)
1931 John L Swigert Jr Denver Colorado, astronaut (Apollo 13
1935 John Phillips singer (Mama & Papas-California Dreaming)
1943 Jean Claude Killy France, skier (Olympic-3 golds-1968)
1943 R Crumb cartoonist (Father Time)
1947 Peggy Lipton Lawrence NY, actress (Julie-Mod Squad, Twin Peaks)
1950 John Landis actor (American Werewolf in London)

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Deaths which occurred on August 30:
0030 BC Cleopatra 7th & most famous queen of Egypt, commits suicide (really made an asp of herself)
0526 Theodorik the Great, King of Ostrogoths, conqueror of Roman Empire/King of Italy,
1483 Louis XI king of France (1461-83), dies at 60
1809 Ignacy Potocki Polish Foreign Minister (constitution), dies
1879 John B Hood confederate general (lost Atlanta), dies at 48
1914 Aleksandr Samsonov Russian general, commits suicide
1930 William H Taft 27th US President, dies
1961 Charles Coburn Acad award winning actor, dies at 84
1963 Axel Stordahl orch leader (Frank Sinatra Show), dies at 50
1968 William Talman actor (Hamilton-Perry Mason), dies at 53
1970 Del Moore actor/announcer (Cal-Bachelor Father), dies at 53
1981 Mohammad Ali Rajai president of Iran, assassinated by a bomb
1981 Mohammad Javad Bahonar prime minister of Iran, assassinated by a bomb
1993 Richard Jordan, US actor (Hunt for Red October, Posse), dies at 55, shortly after finishing movie, Gettysburg (Gen. Armistead)

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Reported: MISSING in ACTION

1966 HOFF SAMMIE D. KENNEDY TX.
[EJECTED RADIO CONTACT - REMAINS RETURNED EARLY 89]
1966 ROBINSON KENNETH D. INDIANAPOLIS IN.
[NO SUBS INTEL INFO / REMAINS RETURNED 12/88]
1967 ALLARD MICHAEL JOHN SCHOFIELD WI.
1970 PERALTA BENJAMIN R.

POW / MIA Data & Bios supplied by
the P.O.W. NETWORK. Skidmore, MO. USA.

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On this day...
0031 BC Origin of Era of Augustus
0257 St Sixtus II begins his reign as Catholic Pope
1146 European leaders outlaw crossbow, intending to end war for all time(Well THAT worked real good)
1464 Pietro Barbo elected to succeed Pope Pius II (Paul II)
1645 Dutch & Indians sign peace treaty
1721 The Peace of Nystad ends the Second Northern War between Sweden and Russia, giving Russia considerably more power in the Baltic region.
1776 US army evacuates Long Island/falls back to Manhattan, NYC
1780 General Benedict Arnold betrayed the US when he promised secretly to surrender the fort at West Point to the British army. Arnold - whose name has become synonymous with traitor - fled to England after the botched consipracy. His co-conspirator, British spy Major John Andre, was hanged by Gen. Washington
1781 French fleet of 24 ships under Comte de Grasse defeat British under Admiral Graves at battle of Chesapeake Capes in Revolutionary War
1843 1st black participation in natl political convention (Liberty Party)
1850 Honolulu, Hawaii becomes a city
1861 Union General John Fremont declares martial law throughout Missouri and makes his own emancipation proclamation to free slaves in the state. President Lincoln overrules the general.
1862 Battle of 2nd Manassas-Pope defeated by Lee-Battle of Richmond, KY
1862 Battle of Altamont-Confederates beat Union forces in Tennessee
1885 13,000 meteors seen in 1 hour near Andromeda
1888 Lord Walsingham kills 1070 grouse in a single day
1905 Ty Cobb's 1st major league at bat (Detroit Tigers)
1913 Phillies lead Giants 8-6 in top of 9th, fans in bleachers try to distract Giants, Umpire forefeits game to Giants, later overruled
1914 1st German plane bombs above Paris, 2 killed
1914 Battle at Tannenberg ends in destruction of Russian 2nd Narev army
1918 Czechoslovakia forms independence republic
1932 - World War I fighter ace, Hermann Goring elected president of Reichstag
1933 Portuguese dictator Salazar forms secret police (PIDE)
1939 Isoroku Yamamoto appointed supreme commander of Japanese fleet
1939 NY Yankee Atley Donald pitches a baseball a record 94.7 mph (152 kph)
1941 German forces began the 900-day siege of Leningrad. When the siege ends, the Russian city lay in ruins and hundreds of thousands of people had died. And Leningrad still belonged to the Russians.
1941 St Louis Card Lon Warneke no-hits Cin Reds, 2-0
1944 Soviet troops enter Bucharest Romania
1945 Hong Kong liberated from Japan
1956 White mob prevents enrollment of blacks at Mansfield HS, Texas
1957 In an effort to stall the Civil Rights Act of 1957 from passing, Senator Strom Thurmond (D-S.C.) filibusters for over 24 hours. The bill passed, but Thurmond's filibuster becomes the longest in Senate history.
1961 1st Negro judge of a US District Court confirmed-JB Parsons
1963 Hot Line communications link between Wash DC & Moscow went begins
1965 Casey Stengel announces his retirement after 55 years in baseball
1965 Section of Allalin glacier wipes out construction site at Mattmark Dam near Saas-Fee, Switzerland
1967 US Senate confirm Thurgood Marshall as 1st black justice
1968 1st record under Apple label (Beatle's Hey Jude)
1969 120,000 attend Texas Intl Pop Festival
1969 25,000 attend 2nd Annual Sky River Rock Festival, Tenino Wash
1969 Racial disturbances in Fort Lauderdale Florida
1974 Express train runs full speed into Zagreb, Yugo rail yard killing 153
1976 Tom Brokaw becomes news anchor of the Today Show
1979 1st recorded occurrence-comet hits sun (energy=1 mil hydrogen bombs)
1979 Pres Carter attacked by a rabbit on a canoe trip in Plains Ga
1983 8th Space Shuttle Mission-Challenger 3-launched (6 days)
1984 12th Space Shuttle Mission (41-D)-Discovery 1-launched (6 days)
1986 Soviet authorities arrested Nicholas Daniloff (US News World Report)
1987 Ben Johnson of Canada runs 100 m in world record 9.83 sec
1987 Yves Pol of France runs complete marathon backwards (3:57:57)
1991 Dan O'Brien sets US decathalon record with 8,812 points
1995 Cable News Network joins internet

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Holidays
Note: Some Holidays are only applicable on a given "day of the week"

Afghanistan : Children's Day
England, Channel Is, Northern Ireland, Wales : Bank Holiday (Monday)
Gibraltar : Bank Holiday
Turkey : Victory Day (1922)
Hong Kong : Liberation Day (1945) (Monday)
National Neighborhood Day
National Toasted Marshmallow Day
National Sandwich Month

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Religious Observances
RC : Comm of St Fiacre, Irish hermit, patron of gardeners
Old RC : Feast of St Rose of Lima, patron of Latin America
RC Felix & Adauctus, Roman martyrs
RC Pammachius, Roman senator

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Religious History
1637 Colonial religious teacher Anne Hutchinson, 46, was charged with "traducing (i.e., degrading) the ministry" and was banished from the Massachusetts Bay Colony. Moving the following year to Rhode Island, then to New York, Anne and her family were killed by Indians in 1643.
1770 Anglican clergyman and hymnwriter John Newton wrote in a letter: 'The exercised and experienced Christian, by the knowledge he has gained of his own heart and the many difficulties he has had to struggle with, acquires a skill and compassion in dealing with others.
1820 Birth of George F. Root, American sacred music editor and composer. Root helped edit 75 musical collections, as well as composing several hundred original sacred melodies. One of these, JEWELS, is the tune to which is commonly sung the hymn, "When He Cometh."
1856 Wilberforce University was established in Xenia, Ohio under auspices of the Methodist Episcopal Church. In 1863, the university was transferred to the African Methodist Episcopal (AME) Church.
1894 Independent Christian evangelist and educator Bob Jones, Sr. was converted at age 11 to a vital Christian faith. Licensed to preach by the Methodists at 15, Jones maintained a lifelong fundamentalist view of the Bible. In 1926, at age 32, he founded Bob Jones University.

Source: William D. Blake. ALMANAC OF THE CHRISTIAN CHURCH. Minneapolis: Bethany House, 1987.

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Thought for the day :
"You learn something every day if you pay attention."

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Translating Southern United States Slang to English...
THANK - verb. Ability to cognitively process.
Usage: "Ah thank ah'll have a bare."

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Things a Cat Thinks About...
Is there something I'm not getting when humans make noise with their mouths?

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Politically Correct Terms for Females...
She does not have sexy lips,
she is collagen dependent.

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Feel Smarter -- Instantly!...
After finding no qualified candidates for the position of principal, the school board is extremely pleased to announce the appointment of David Steele to the post.


-- Philip Streifer, Superintendent of Schools, Barrington, Rhode Island

[snippy_about_it]

You're back. Good morning.

[snippy_about_it]

Good morning Mayor. Nice poetry by Haan.

[snippy_about_it]

Good Morning EGC.